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Carnivores and ungulates in Mid-European landscape
Podhůrská, Marie ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Hart, Vlastimil (referee)
Carnivores and ungulates in Mid-European landscape Abstract The paper provides a brief survey of abundance status and population trends for most species of large mammals distributed in the Czech Republic. Abundance dynamics during past decades is discussed based on hunter statistic records covering both yearly data on hunting bags and standardized accounts of spring abundance of game animals from gamekeeper's evidence. It is documented that most of the species including regularly hunted ungulates, most of mesocarnivores and currently expanding species (racoon dog, racoon) are undergoing fluent population density increase contrasting with decrease of abundance of smaller to medium sized forms (hare, rabbit, marten, polecat). The respective data suggest that recently the community structure of large mammals has undergone considerable rearrangements. The monitoring of such phenomena is worth of a serious zoological research. The paper discussed methodological issues for such studies with particular attention to techniques of monitoring with aid of automated camera traps. Relations of the recorded faunal changes and landscapes rearrangements during past decades are also discussed. The paper is supplementing with a brief summary of two-year camera trap study in Brdy Mts. Key words: carnivora and ungulates,...
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Evaluation of impact of magnetoreception at farmed fallow deers.
Wedlichová, Romana ; Hart, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Pleskač, Lukáš (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals mapping of the Earth's magnetic field with fallow deer on the farm. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the magnetic field principles magnetoreception and magnetic orientation of animals. Magnetoreception is the ability to perceive the Earth's magnetic field animals to take directional and positional information and use it to navigate in space. The practical part is the evaluation of field monitoring game. During direct observations were grazing or resting game photographed and was written the direction which the photo was taken. This was followed by the evaluation of the direction of orientation of game on the farm. There was also a comparison of the data according to the current state of the weather and according to the distribution of males, females and cubs. When evaluating the results was confirmed by hypothesis, that vertebrates, in this case, fallow deer are in everyday processes alignment the north-south axis.
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The influence of the Earth magnetic field on communication strategy of roebucks and fishes
Brus, Radek ; Hart, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Mrkvičková Kořanová, Diana (referee)
This thesis focuses on the communication strategies of roe deer and fish. Roe deers live from April to September territorial way, they live the remaining part of the year in common groups. To territory marking roe deers using chemical and optical biocommunication- breaking antlers and raking. This work is also focused on our most common fish carp. From Czech fish only carps intensive jumps out of the water, which could be one of the modes of communication. The carp is shoal fish, it lives social way of life. Carp is the most active in summer, in the summer is also the most jumps. After the data showed that carps and roe deers are oriented in the north-south axis, with a preference of north. The resulting vector in the direct observation of raking roe deers 7,5 ° and jumping carps out of the water 341.5 ° confirm magnetoreception in both species.
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Effect of changes in the magnetic field on the behavior of common carp
Švrčula, Daniel ; Hart, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Svoboda, Jan (referee)
The main topic is the effect of changes in Earth's magnetic field on the behavior of common carp, with a focus on fish farming, as part of associated forest production. The ability of animals to perceive the magnetic field has been demonstrated countless times, but it is still not clear how animals perceive and process information that it provides the geomagnetic field. The theoretical part focuses on magnetorecepcia describes the various mechanisms and discovered knowledge. It also focuses on examples of the use of magnetoreception for the direct benefit of vertebrates. Characteristics of common carp and pond management, and examples of the management of common carp. The practical part is focused on the evaluation of the influence of Earth's magnetic field on common carp. Main attention is given to the positional behavior, as one of the manifestations of magnetoreception. For the evaluation of the data was used statistical software Oriana 4.0., which works on the principle of pie charts. The results support the theory of positional animal behavior and the influence of magnetic field on their behavior. The result is, that carps align their bodies in a north-south axis, but if a situation arises where there is unrest in the Earth's magnetic field, known as a magnetic storm, when is magnetic storm there are changes in the positional behavior. Carp did not show any directional preference. This result proves that carps respond to the changes of Earth's magnetic field.
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Magnetoreception of mammals focused on domestic beasts of prey
Klemsová, Nikola ; Hart, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Svoboda, Jan (referee)
This work concerns to magneto-reception of mammals focused on domestic beasts of prey. A measurement was directed to three dogs and three cats with different races and places. At first they were observed in Klášterec nad Ohřís pound. This measurement seemed to be verifiable later, thats why the positional behaving (magnetic alignment) were observed in their inherent living conditions, especially in the garden or hutch.
Data was taken by photo-catch machine localized over their bowls, where there were observed their single orientation of body and head direction to water bowls. The account was also taken of daily temperature, sun position to that individual in direction of bowl to kennel, of measuring location and state of health.
During the measuring term 380 pictures has been evaluated. From these findings statistical preferred direction orientation during the drinking from water bowl were find out and also the preference of north-south line. The results of pictures also represents, that magnetic orientation does not depend on the animal species, as it was expected, bud on every individual.
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