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Peptidases of Trematodes
Kašný, Martin ; Mikeš, Libor (advisor) ; Kopáček, Petr (referee) ; Haas, Wilfried (referee)
90 3. SUMMARY The text above refers about the majority of characterized trematode peptidases; the fundamental enzymes for trematode existence, which are integrated in many physiological processes like pathogenesis, tissue invasion/migration, nutrition, immune evasion and host-parasite interactions. In the history (until 1996), the peptidase catalytic activities in trematode extracts have been monitored. During 1980s and 1990s, the information of first cloned trematode peptidase genes were published and during last three decades cca 90 trematode peptidase sequences belonging to 19 peptidase families of 5 clans have been identified. The most studied trematode peptidases have been of Schistosoma mansoni origin: the serine peptidase - cercarial elastase (of cercariae), cysteine peptidases - cathepsins B, L, F, C plus the asparaginyl endopeptidase SmAE and the aspartic peptidase - cathepsin D (of adult worms and some other life stages). The recent computational cluster analysis revealed that the sequence S. mansoni elastase (the main cercarial penetration enzyme) is quite divergent from other serine peptidases of the S1 family. Cercarial elastase gene was proved in S. mansoni, S. haematobium and Schistosomatium douthitti, but not in the related S. japonicum. Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed cercarial...
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BIRD SCHISTOSOMES: development of schistosomula with focus on Trichobilharzia spp
Chanová, Marta ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Špakulová, Marta (referee) ; Haas, Wilfried (referee)
5 ABSTRACT Schistosomulum is the first stage developing in definitive host body, affecting various body parts and in the case of bird schistosomes present in host tissues for longest period. The aims of the present thesis are to summarize recent knowledge of bird schistosomula migration, development and pathogenic impact on host tissues and complete the details for two model species (Trichobilharzia szidati and T. regenti) with different life strategy. The other aim was to introduce and test the method for in vitro cultivation of schistosomula. Schistosomulum is formed by transformation of cercaria in the host skin at the time of penetration. The process is preceded by cercarial tail detachment and includes emptying of penetration glands and extensive surface changes. All this take place also under defined in vitro conditions. Transformed schistosomula migrate towards the target organ in host body. Depending on the species schistosomula migrate via the circulatory system or nervous tissues and the migration is directed either to intestinal or nasal area (visceral or nasal species, respectively). Specific migratory pattern for lung passage of T. szidati and migratory route of T. regenti through the nervous system, unique among schistosomes and including intra- and extra vascular location, are obligatory for...
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BIRD SCHISTOSOMES: development of schistosomula with focus on Trichobilharzia spp
Chanová, Marta ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Špakulová, Marta (referee) ; Haas, Wilfried (referee)
5 ABSTRACT Schistosomulum is the first stage developing in definitive host body, affecting various body parts and in the case of bird schistosomes present in host tissues for longest period. The aims of the present thesis are to summarize recent knowledge of bird schistosomula migration, development and pathogenic impact on host tissues and complete the details for two model species (Trichobilharzia szidati and T. regenti) with different life strategy. The other aim was to introduce and test the method for in vitro cultivation of schistosomula. Schistosomulum is formed by transformation of cercaria in the host skin at the time of penetration. The process is preceded by cercarial tail detachment and includes emptying of penetration glands and extensive surface changes. All this take place also under defined in vitro conditions. Transformed schistosomula migrate towards the target organ in host body. Depending on the species schistosomula migrate via the circulatory system or nervous tissues and the migration is directed either to intestinal or nasal area (visceral or nasal species, respectively). Specific migratory pattern for lung passage of T. szidati and migratory route of T. regenti through the nervous system, unique among schistosomes and including intra- and extra vascular location, are obligatory for...
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Peptidases of Trematodes
Kašný, Martin ; Mikeš, Libor (advisor) ; Kopáček, Petr (referee) ; Haas, Wilfried (referee)
90 3. SUMMARY The text above refers about the majority of characterized trematode peptidases; the fundamental enzymes for trematode existence, which are integrated in many physiological processes like pathogenesis, tissue invasion/migration, nutrition, immune evasion and host-parasite interactions. In the history (until 1996), the peptidase catalytic activities in trematode extracts have been monitored. During 1980s and 1990s, the information of first cloned trematode peptidase genes were published and during last three decades cca 90 trematode peptidase sequences belonging to 19 peptidase families of 5 clans have been identified. The most studied trematode peptidases have been of Schistosoma mansoni origin: the serine peptidase - cercarial elastase (of cercariae), cysteine peptidases - cathepsins B, L, F, C plus the asparaginyl endopeptidase SmAE and the aspartic peptidase - cathepsin D (of adult worms and some other life stages). The recent computational cluster analysis revealed that the sequence S. mansoni elastase (the main cercarial penetration enzyme) is quite divergent from other serine peptidases of the S1 family. Cercarial elastase gene was proved in S. mansoni, S. haematobium and Schistosomatium douthitti, but not in the related S. japonicum. Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed cercarial...
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