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The effect of a first aid course on the disgust level
Váňová, Barbora ; Kuba, Radim (advisor) ; Dlouhá, Daniela (referee)
Disgust is an affective component of the behavioral immune system. The behavioral immune system is a set of psychological mechanisms that help the body to protect itself against pathogens and other potential risk factors, thus influences the life of an individual in a wide range of situations. An example of such a situation might be the provision of first aid. First aid is an important part of the process of saving a person's life and, if provided correctly and in a timely manner, can significantly improve the course of treatment in hospital care. Disgust is one of the factors that can reduce or inhibit the willingness to provide first aid. However, there is a lack of research evidence on whether and how first aid courses specifically modify perceptions of disgust. Therefore, we decided to focus on this fact in the present study. The study was conducted through questionnaire survey before, after and one month after the first aid course. The respondents were in the experimental group participants of first aid courses organized at the Faculty of Science of Charles University and in the control group participants of other, non-first aid related courses. Purpose-designed questionnaires focused on previous experience with first aid, evaluation of the distastefulness of the tasks performed on the course,...
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Behavioural immune system in humans: perceptual and affective component
Slavíčková, Kateřina ; Schwambergová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Dlouhá, Daniela (referee)
This bachelor's thesis aims to summarize the available literature on the human behavioral immune system. In addition to the physical immune system, the behavioral immune system represents another defense mechanism against pathogens. It consists of a variety of psychological mechanisms that enable timely avoidance reactions to potentially risky stimuli, thereby reducing the energetic costs that would otherwise be expended in a metabolically demanding immune response. The thesis introduces the functioning of the behavioral immune system, starting with the detection of risk cues followed by an emotional response - disgust, which is considered a key mechanism leading to an avoidance reaction. Furthermore the Development of the feeling of disgust is described. The work also includes an outline of inter- individual differences in disgust.
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Disgust sensitivity during pregnancy: testing the Compensatory Prophylaxis Hypothesis
Dlouhá, Daniela ; Kaňková, Šárka (advisor) ; Třebická Fialová, Jitka (referee)
Disgust is an important adaptive mechanism in protection against disease. Disgust sensitivity is very variable between individuals and, according to the compensatory prophylaxis hypothesis (CPH), should be adjusted to individual's vulnerability to disease. The beginning of pregnancy is associated with a number of changes in the immune system and thus disgust sensitivity is expected to be increased. The aim of this thesis was to test the CPH in relation to longitudinal changes in disgust during pregnancy and after birth, as well as in comparison with non-pregnant control sample of women. Another aim was to observe the maladaptive role of disgust, specifically the relationship between trait anxiety and disgust. Against the set expectations, disgust was observed to increase during pregnancy in the animal reminder domain of disgust. However, the function of this domain in protection against disease has been criticized. These changes were only observed in pregnancies with a male fetus. In line with the CPH predictions, it was shown that women who reported having recent health problems also had higher disgust. Similarly, the results showed a possible protective role of mothers' increased disgust in the beginning of pregnancy, which was related to new-borns having a higher 10 minute APGAR score. When...
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Changes in disgust sensitivity associated with hormonal shifts in women - adaptive system or maladaptive response?
Dlouhá, Daniela ; Kaňková, Šárka (advisor) ; Landová, Eva (referee)
Disgust (the feeling of aversion or repulsion) is based on experiencing something distasteful. As an adaptive system, it works as a protection of oneself, especially against infection by pathogens or behavior that could negatively affect one's evolutionary success. Disgust can be observed in women during times of significant hormonal changes, such as pregnancy or the luteal phase of the ovulation cycle. It was observed that these times can also be related to immunological changes, when the woman and (during pregnancy) the fetus require more intensive protection. Hormonal changes can be a sensitive time for the onset of different psychopathological disorders. These disorders are also often associated with heightened levels of disgust. Studies focusing on disgust and the onset of anxiety disorders indicate that the heightened disgust observed in pregnancy could in some cases be just the maladaptive reaction of a developing mental disorder.
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of amateur horse breeding with regional focus
Dlouhá, Daniela ; Malý, Michal (advisor) ; Hálová, Pavlína (referee)
Bachelor thesis -evaluation of the effectiveness of amateur horse breeding with reginal focus, is divided into two parts. The first part deals with theoretical preparation for the second part. This section examines general characteristics of horse breeding. Therefore, topics such as the difficulty of horse breeding, prerequisites needed for running a riding school, choice of an appropriate space for stabling, horse care including feeding, nursing or horse health are elaborated.
The second part is devoted to an economical evaluation of an operator concerned interest in breeding horses. This section provides calculation of the costs of stabling as well as an economical analysis with the help of selected ratios. The work also contains a questionnaire to survey the demand for visiting a riding school. As a part of the marketing strategy of the entity is a SWOT analysis and the practical part of the work is a closed financial plan for the year 2016.
The final part of the thesis provides evaluated results of the survey as well as suggested solutions and a short conclusion.
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