|
|
Detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in children with chronic respiratory disease
Koucký, Václav ; Pohunek, Petr (advisor) ; Rybníček, Ondřej (referee) ; Chlumský, Jan (referee)
Detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in children with chronic respiratory disease MD. Vaclav Koucky - Ph.D. thesis Abstract Introduction: Currently, there are different methods for infant pulmonary function testing (iPFT) and morphological assessment of microscopic changes in endobronchial biopsy samples (EBB). In research setting, they allow detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in small children with chronic respiratory disease, respectively in risk of its development. Their clinical significance, however, is not fully acknowledged. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the safety, feasibility and clinical significance of iPFT and EBB in infants younger than 2 years of age. In addition, the relationship between functional and morphological changes of respiratory tract and the function of peripheral chemoreceptors was studied in selected patients' subgroups. Methods: Fifty-five infants with cystic fibrosis (CF), 35 physician-confirmed recurrent wheezers (AB), 9 infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 7 with interstitial lung disease (chILD) and 3 with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) were enrolled. All infants underwent iPFT and relevant clinical history data were recorded. Based on patients' age, CF group was divided into CFmalí (< 6 months) and CFvelcí (>...
|
|
|
Doping positive findings of athlets in the Czech republic
Bartáková, Nikola ; Nekola, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Chlumský, Jan (referee)
Title Positive findings in doping of athletes in the Czech Republic Objectives The aim of this thesis, based on the doping control protocols from 1993 - 2011 provided by the Czech Anti-Doping Committee, is to assess the most commonly abused doping substances and evaluate sports in which doping is most frequently abused, and attitudes of athletes who have violated doping regulations. Methods The main method used in this thesis was an analysis of documents, especially doping protocols, which led to gathering important data and compile final tables, which were subsequently processed and evaluated. Finally, aninterview with two bodybuilders who have received completely different penalties for the same offense. Results This thesis comes to the conclusion that the most commonly used substances are, in order: testosterone, nandrolone, marijuana, ephedrine and then metandienon. The most common individual sports, where the use of doping substances is most commonly encoutered include bodybuilding and powerlifting. In team sports, it is hockey, rugby, water polo and handball. Use is most prevalent in men, and less common in women. Keywords Anti-doping policy, doping, doping control, doping substance, sport.
|
|
|
Detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in children with chronic respiratory disease
Koucký, Václav ; Pohunek, Petr (advisor) ; Rybníček, Ondřej (referee) ; Chlumský, Jan (referee)
Detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in children with chronic respiratory disease MD. Vaclav Koucky - Ph.D. thesis Abstract Introduction: Currently, there are different methods for infant pulmonary function testing (iPFT) and morphological assessment of microscopic changes in endobronchial biopsy samples (EBB). In research setting, they allow detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in small children with chronic respiratory disease, respectively in risk of its development. Their clinical significance, however, is not fully acknowledged. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the safety, feasibility and clinical significance of iPFT and EBB in infants younger than 2 years of age. In addition, the relationship between functional and morphological changes of respiratory tract and the function of peripheral chemoreceptors was studied in selected patients' subgroups. Methods: Fifty-five infants with cystic fibrosis (CF), 35 physician-confirmed recurrent wheezers (AB), 9 infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 7 with interstitial lung disease (chILD) and 3 with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) were enrolled. All infants underwent iPFT and relevant clinical history data were recorded. Based on patients' age, CF group was divided into CFmalí (< 6 months) and CFvelcí (>...
|
|
| |
|
|
Doping positive findings of athlets in the Czech republic
Bartáková, Nikola ; Nekola, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Chlumský, Jan (referee)
Title Positive findings in doping of athletes in the Czech Republic Objectives The aim of this thesis, based on the doping control protocols from 1993 - 2011 provided by the Czech Anti-Doping Committee, is to assess the most commonly abused doping substances and evaluate sports in which doping is most frequently abused, and attitudes of athletes who have violated doping regulations. Methods The main method used in this thesis was an analysis of documents, especially doping protocols, which led to gathering important data and compile final tables, which were subsequently processed and evaluated. Finally, aninterview with two bodybuilders who have received completely different penalties for the same offense. Results This thesis comes to the conclusion that the most commonly used substances are, in order: testosterone, nandrolone, marijuana, ephedrine and then metandienon. The most common individual sports, where the use of doping substances is most commonly encoutered include bodybuilding and powerlifting. In team sports, it is hockey, rugby, water polo and handball. Use is most prevalent in men, and less common in women. Keywords Anti-doping policy, doping, doping control, doping substance, sport.
|
|
|
The relationship of pulmonary function tests and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chlumský, Jan ; Vízek, Martin (advisor) ; Radvanský, Jiří (referee) ; Mareš, Jan (referee)
Výsledky studie přinesly několik zásadních zjištění: 1. Tolerance zátěže je u pacientů s CHOPN významně omezena, přičemž různé typy zátěže jsou tolerovány značně rozdílně. Hlavní limitací obou typů zátěže však zůstává nemožnost zvyšovat VT (a následně VE) v odpovědi na zvýšený ventilační drive doprovázející fyzickou zátěž. 2. Limitace vzestupu VT (a následně VE) je určována stupněm plicní hyperinflace a její změnou v průběhu zátěže samotné, která se dá při absenci náročné přístrojové techniky nepřímo odhadovat podle hodnot IC nebo IVC. 3. 6-MWT je na rozdíl od ergometrie doprovázen rychlejším nárůstem dynamické plicní hyperinflace, která je odpovědná za významnou poruchu oxygenace. Proto lépe, než jiné testy tolerance fyzické zátěže odráží schopnost běžných denních aktivit.
|
|
|
Is genetic diversity congruent with morphological diversity across the distributional range of the Melampyrum subalpinum group (Orobanchaceae)?
CHLUMSKÝ, Jan
Allozymes were used to assess the genetic structure of 27 populations of Melampyrum subalpinum group and an artificial pollination experiment was carried out to examine the possibility of autogamy. Genetic variation was generally congruent with the known morphological variation of the group. The results corresponded with the central-marginal concept. Allelic enrichment due to hybridization with M. nemorosum was observed in some Austrian populations. Czech and Slovak populations do not differ from Austrian populations. The high inbreeding coefficient and the pollination experiment do not contradict the possibility of autogamy.
|
|
|
Dispersal, distribution and genetic diversity of Melampyrum subalpinum group
CHLUMSKÝ, Jan
This thesis is focused on the dispersal, distribution, and genetic diversity of the taxonomically highly diverse Melampyrum subalpinum group. A complete revision of the localities of M. subalpinum in the Czech Republic and Slovakia is presented. The genetic variation and population structure of the M. subalpinum group across its distribution range is described based on allozymes, nuclear and chloroplast gene sequencing, and genome size. Signs of historical hybridization with M. nemorosum were found in some populations. A comparison of seed dispersal by ants between the co-occurring M. subalpinum and M. pratense and the influence of differences in this process are presented. A new mean of seed dispersal (endozoochory) is introduced for Melampyrum. Myrmecochorous dispersal distances are tested and Holocene migration possibilities are discussed taking into account endozoochory.
|
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
RSS feed.