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Criminality in the Czech Repulic
Doležalová, Barbora ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Palanská, Tereza (referee)
This thesis aims to analyze factors influencing crime rate in the Czech Republic. From time immemorial, crime rate has been a part of our society and its impacts do not influence only its victims but the whole economy as well. The main contribution of this thesis is an econometric analysis of the most recent panel data of Czech counties from 2010 to 2017. Thanks to this dataset we identified factors and their significances. For more accurate results we also examined factors influencing particular crimes - robbery, burglary, rape and murder. By analysis we found out that unemployment rate is significant factor, however, this factor has negative relationship with crime rate. This relationship can be described that by increasing unemployment rate people more care about their belongings, hence, it is harder for criminals to commit a crime. Positive and significant relationship was found between unemployment and robbery. Furthermore, results show that the percentage of foreigners is positively significant to burglary and rape. Therefore, it is important to focus on integration of foreigners into our society. Moreover, income inequality is positively significant in a rape model and the deterrence is positively significant as well in a crime rate model.
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Municipal Waste Management and Analysis of Influencing Factors with respect to Municipal Solid Waste Generation
Kmeťková, Diana ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kopečná, Vědunka (referee)
This thesis presents the topic of municipal waste management in the Czech Republic and describes the current trends within this area. We analyse the data on the generation and treatment of municipal solid waste in the Czech Republic and then we compare several waste indicators in the EU countries. The main goal of the thesis is to describe the relationship between municipal solid waste generation (MSW) and socio-economic factors. In order to identify the variables that might have a significant impact on the generation of MSW, we carry out a panel data regression using data from 28 EU countries over a time period from 1995 to 2017. We present four model specifications that were created based on the studied research articles. Our findings suggest that GDP and income have a significant positive impact on MSW generation, which is in accordance with the majority of research works. On the other hand, two other significant variables, population and density, are estimated to be negatively related to MSW production. Moreover, urbanization and unemployment rate result to be insignificant. 1
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Analysis of Unemployment in Russia: Spatial Analysis on Russian Regions
Provazník, Jan ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bezhanishvili, Levan (referee)
This thesis analyses the regional labor markets of Russian Federation in terms of unemployment and Okun's law. Using Hodrick-Prescott filter, the potential GRP and natural rate of unemployment are calculated in order to be used for the estimation of Okun's law coefficient (OLC). The analysis reveals variation in OLC between regions as well as significant spatial correlation thereof (measured by Moran's I). For the examination of Okun's convergence, a new method is developed which consists in estimating a time trend in R-squared obtained by estimating Okun's law cross-sectionally, separately for each year. The results indicate that there is no regional Okun's convergence in Russia.
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Sustainable Development Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy Panel Data Analysis
Křížková, Alžběta ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Moravcová, Michala (referee)
This thesis analyses the seventh Sustainable Development Goal: Affordable and Clean Energy. Four empirical models are built, each for one indicator. They are then evaluated using panel data analysis for all member states of the UN. The research question it seeks to answer is: "What characteristics have major impact on providing electric energy and other energy related benefits?" We found that in most of the cases, the proportion of urban population and the Human Development Index have a major impact on the indicators. Unlike any previous study dealing with similar topics, this paper analyses the whole goal with its four indicators, not just one particular energy aspect. That allows us to look for interconnection and common features between indicators and their influences.
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Analysis of Health Quality Indicators in the Framework of Sustainable Development Goals
Šanderová, Lucie ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Aliyev, Shahriyar (referee)
This thesis studies two indicators of good health and well-being embedded in the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development; suicide mortality rate and harmful use of alcohol. Firstly, socio-economic determinants of suicide mortality rate and alcohol per capita consumption in countries of the European Union are analysed. As an econometric approach, panel data methods are utilized. Among selected economic and socio-demographic variables, suicide mortality rate is found sensitive to unemployment rate, whilst economic growth, fertility rate and female labour participation rate are concluded not have a significant impact. Model of alcohol consumption confirms relatively higher sensitivity to changing income than to alcohol price level. First differencing estimation produces income and price elasticity within range of prior estimates. Secondly, an ARIMA forecast is performed for the EU and its member states to assess current prospects of attaining targets corresponding to the two health quality indicators in question by year 2030. For the EU collectively, forecasts suggest rather favourable development, although considerable disparities are present among individual member states.
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Predicting Achievement of Selected Sustainable Development Goals
Kamenický, Léon ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Cazachevici, Alina (referee)
Bibliographic note KAMENICKÝ, Léon. Predicting Achievement of Selected Sustainable De- velopment Goals. Prague 2019. 66 pp. Bachelor thesis (Bc.) Charles Uni- versity, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies. Thesis supervisor doc. Ing. Tomáš Cahlík, CSc. Abstract The aim of this thesis is through using the appropriate tools of econometric analysis to identify some of the variables having impact on the development, whether positively or negatively, on selected Sustainable Development Goals. They became part of the agenda in United Nations back in 2015. As the sample used for the analysis contains observations on around 170 countries in a time period from 2000 till 2016, the panel data approach for economet- ric modeling is the most suitable to rely on. There are plenty econometric studies focused on analyzing the SGDs through cross-sectional examples, however only few of them are looking at them from a global perspective. The main findings of the analysis do not include only statistically significant explanatory variables identified. Supported by a concrete example, there is an evidence that some of the goals require more focus on proper data collect- ing on their corresponding indicator. This turns some of them to be hardly measurable and the simple tools of econometric analysis...
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Impact of Potential EU Membership on Economy of Ukraine
Jascuk, Milana ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Recently the topic of the future of Ukrainian economy has been attracting great attention among economists and politicians. The way how it should develop is widely discussed on the international arena. Economists and politicians cannot reach an agreement to which direction it is better to move for Ukraine. Nowadays a lot of special institutions has been created on both sides: in Ukraine and in Europe. The main goal of those is to control all the processes of transformation to be transparent on all levels; as well as prevent unlikely events. Of course, there are proponents and opponents of the moving to the free trade with the EU as for every global process. Among the young generation it is very clear, that possibilities, which gives us European Union are much more valuable and gainful. Even now, majority of students, researchers seek to apply their knowledge or gain some knowledge in European countries. I try to determine potential impact on Economy of Ukraine assuming integration to European Union. It is very important to consider both threats and benefits of such processes as they are taking place on very high level. Therefor in this work I will consider both contours of development for Economy of Ukraine. To explore it I have applied the synthetic control method, which gives us opportunity to...
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Drivers of financial de-dollarisation in CCA region.
Zviadadze, Ana ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, a number of post-soviet countries are facing a high level of financial dollarisation. This thesis aims to estimate the determinants of both deposit and loan de-dollarisation using panel vector autoregression model. The study covers five countries of Caucasus and Central Asia region within the time frame of 2006:1 to 2017:1. Our findings suggest that deposit de-dollarisation is driven by exchange rate depreciation. On the other hand, a decrease in deposit dollarisation contributes to loan de-dollarisation. We also find out that effective policies toward macroeconomic stability with the development of the financial system can help to a decrease financial dollarisation level. Keywords CCA region, Financial dollarisation, Panel Vector Autoregression. Author's e-mail azviadadze@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail jaromir.baxa@fsv.cuni.cz
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The Effect of University Education on Employment in the Visegrad Group
Karolík, Richard ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Troch, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis investigates the effect of university education on employability in the Visegrad group countries. Education as a part of human capital plays a relevant role in the labour economics. Data from the sixth round of the European Social Survey are applied to this research. The study is divided into three parts. The first part examines the impact of achieving a university degree on employability in the whole Visegrad region. The second part focuses on comparing the effect of completing university education across individual countries of the Visegrad region. The last third part studies the additional value of completing different levels of tertiary education. Results suggest that the correlation between the level of education and the probability of being employed is positive. Those who has completed university education have eighty-seven percent higher chance to be employed, in comparison with those who has completed only secondary education. The most significant difference in employability was detected in Poland and least significant in the Czech Republic. The impact of the additional level of tertiary education on the employability is higher but appears to be diminishing with higher degree. Keywords Higher education, Tertiary education, The Visegrad group, University, employment, Bach- elor's...
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Economic and Ethical Impacts of Immigration
Charvát, Ondřej ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chorna, Olena (referee)
This thesis analyses the relationship between immigration and native employment rate based on the similarity of the educational attainment and age of immigrants and native-born population. The results of this thesis are in line with recent studies suggesting an increase in native employment by 0.44 % in event of an increase in the share of immigrants by 1 %.
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