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The Interference Effect on Cognitive Processing in Bilinguals
Jonáš, Juraj ; Rodriguez Manchola, Mabel Virginia (advisor) ; Brandoburová, Petra (referee) ; Smolík, Filip (referee)
(English) Bilingualism is currently an issue of broad study within fields of psychology and cognitive neuroscience. It points not only to the cognitive or even health benefits of this phenomenon, but also to its risks. However, research is hampered by the immense variety of manifestations of bilingualism. Each bilingual has a unique linguistic history with each of their languages. Some phenomena, such as the age of acquisition of a second language, or the level of proficiency of a second language, are better explored. However, other factors, such as the similarity of the languages used by a bilingual has only recently begun to be studied. This thesis focuses on the influence of the similarity of the bilingual's language on their language processing. In the EEG experiment, the technique of evoked potentials has been used, specifically, the N200 (inhibitory) and N400 (semantic) waves have been monitored. These are probably the most frequently studied evoked potentials in bilingual subjects. Participants are divided into three groups according to the similarity of their languages: participants with similar languages (Slovak-Czech), bilingual with partially similar languages (Russian-Czech) and participants with different languages (German-Czech). A difference in the N200 effect was not observed...
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Influence of mindfulness on Quality of Life of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Lorencová, Tatiana ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Šumec, Rastislav (referee) ; Brandoburová, Petra (referee)
Introduction Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is a 8 week evidence-based program that offers secular, intensive mindfulness training to assist people with stress, anxiety, depression and pain. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and poorly understood neurodegenerative inflammatory condition. Nervous system damage can be extensive, with severe disability in both physical and cognitive realms. Worldwide incidence of MS is increasing, with estimates at 3.6/100,000 person-years in females and 2.0/100,000 person-years in men. Objective The aim of this interventional study was to explore the influence of the MBSR on quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods 60 patients with MS were recruited into two distinct groups, interventional and control - non interventional group with 30 participants in each group. General Quality of life WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaire and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) were administered in both groups. In order to further explore the effects of the MBSR on patients The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were also administered. The data were collected in the interventional group twice once before...
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