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Murder of a Newborn Child by Its Mother under Section 142 of the Criminal Code
Brázdová, Lucie ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
in English Title: Murder of a Newborn Child by Its Mother under Section 142 of the Criminal Code Author: Lucie Brázdová This thesis addresses the issue of further need for a special legal regulation of the criminal offence of murder of a newborn by its mother. The first chapter is dedicated to the origin and the development of this legal provision and explains the circumstances within which this criminal offence has become part of the current Criminal Code. By describing the organization of the Criminal Code and main provisions of the Constitutional Law, the following chapter demonstrates the values on which the Criminal Law is built. These have to be taken into account when assessing the need for a change or a repeal of the discussed legal provision. The third chapter is an overview of primary information on constituent elements of this criminal offence. However, it does not neglect certain disputable aspects including the issue of pinpointing precisely when human life begins. From a theoretical point of view, the offence in question is considered to be a "privileged factum". In such cases, a certain additional factor lowers the harmful effect the offence has on society. The last part of the third chapter is thus dedicated to the issue of privileged factum in general and its place within the...
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Specifics of nursing care for women with female genital mutilation related with pregnancy,childbirth and postpartum period.
BRÁZDOVÁ, Lucie
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the topic "The specifics of nursing care for women with genital mutilation in connection with pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period." It is divided into two parts, the theoretical and the practical one. The theoretical part is focused on defining the basic topics, in order to help understand the issue of genital mutilation of women: definitions and terminology, history and causes of implementation, geographic expansion, legal standards, the anatomy of the external genitalia of women, genital mutilation classification. The theoretical part also focuses on health consequences, complications and long-term consequences of mutilation procedures. A chapter on midwifery care for women with genital mutilation during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum was included into the theoretical part. Using the results of the research, an overview of complications is presented in the practical part, which midwives most frequently come across in women with FGM. Moreover, specifics and obstacles in midwifery care for women with genital mutilation during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum are pointed out. The aim of the research was to determine, what are the specifics of nursing care for women with genital mutilation in connection with pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period from the perspective of a midwife. Three research questions were posed based on the stated objective. The first research question was posed to reveal, which complications women with genital mutilation are at risk of during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. The purpose of the second research question was to explore, what is the most common obstacle in the care for women with mutilation of sexual organs during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period from the perspective of a midwife, and finally the purpose of the third research question was to determine the impact of genital mutilation on a woman's decision, whether to give birth in medical or home environment. Qualitative research in the form of in-depth interviews was used to obtain the necessary information. The data were collected by interviewing midwives, who had their own experience with treating women with genital mutilation during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. The interviews were recorded into MP3 audio files and later transcribed verbatim. The obtained data were analyzed with the method of open coding and then they were categorized. Results of the research were compared with available theoretical knowledge in a discussion. The research results have shown that the extent of complications and specificities in midwife care for women with genital mutilation depends on the type of mutilation surgery and furthermore on the period, in which the woman went through the genital mutilation. As for most women with FGM there are usually no serious complications during pregnancy and it does not require a lot of specific interventions on part of midwives. On the contrary, the extent of complications and interventions during childbirth and postpartum period, particularly in the case infibulation, has a far greater impact on the health of the woman. Midwives frequently expressed the view that the main obstacles in providing care for women with FGM is the influence of culture, language barriers and lack of awareness among women, communities, midwives and traditional birth attendants. As it turned out in the second part of the research, strong influence of culture, traditions and rituals are the reasons, why some women with FGM prefer giving birth at home. The conclusion of this work includes recommendations for its use. The bachelor thesis can be recommended as a source of information for midwives. Moreover, a draft of an information leaflet was prepared, which would provide important information to midwives regarding the issue of genital mutilation in women during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period.
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