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Economic indicators of sustainable urban development of medium-sized towns
Pavlas, Miroslav ; doc.Ing.Liběna Tetřevová,Ph.D. (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Mgr. Michael Pondělíček,Ph.D. (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse how to measure an economic pillar of sustainable urban development when it is understood in terms of qualitative city development. This principly means achieving economic prosperity which does not lead to damage of the city areas and decrease the quality of life for its residents. This approach requires the creation of an appropriate set of indicators that will cover qualitative aspects of sustainable economic development. The first section summarizes existing approaches to the definition of sustainable development and ways of measuring both on the Czech and the international level. There are also defined basic characteristics of the urban development which are appropriate to express a qualitative development of the city. The second part is focused on existing ways in which sustainable development is measured, i.e. especially in the context of indicator sets. These are under detailed assessment which aim is to show how useful is to measure the economic sustainability from the qualitative point of view. In this part, the limits of using economic macro aggregates (especially Gross Domestic Product) is emphasized because there are still regarded as one of the key economic indicators of sustainable development. In the next part the thesis deals with the definition of economic prosperity and focuses on the characteristics typical for short, medium and long term perspective. Measurement of sustainable urban development in the short term is based on assessment of financial situation. From the medium-term point of view, it is crucial to assess how the city handles its property, i.e. mainly buildings and land. These property components are substantial for a further direction of city development. In the next section are designed indicators aimed at measuring the ability of the city to maintain a skilled workforce which is one of the most important conditions of long-term economic prosperity. The final theoretical part of the thesis is focused on how the long-term sustainable urban development is to be expressed in an economic way through the assessment of investments in urban infrastructure and its operational efficiency. The designed set of indicators is verified on case studies of three medium-sized Czech cities.
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Indicators of Spatial Sustainable Development
Maštálka, Martin ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Mansfeldová, Alena (referee) ; Mgr.Michal Pondělíček (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (advisor)
The aim of the thesis was to analyse indicators and data sets used in the field of sustainable spatial plannig. On the base of the analyses there were spatial indicators of the sustainable development designed. The basic condition to design new indicators it was the accessibility to the elementary datas. The other condition was to design very simply methodology that could be use also for measuring in very small location. The thesis designed idnicators in three main areas of the spatial planning: • landuse, • accessibility of the services, • inner city/town/village traffic. One of the demands for the new indicators set was it´s efficiency for all kinds of the cities in the Czech Republic. This demand was fullfilled by the 3 level methodolgy – the main indicator was measurable for all kinds of settlemets – small villages, small and middle towns and also for cities. The basic methodology (for small villages) was very simple. Indicators were computed from very easy accesible data sets. And this methodology could also be used for larger settlements without any problems. The second level – for small and middle towns – sometimes needs special surveys or special hardware and software. The top of the pyramid is the methodology for cities. In this level there are used detailed analyses and computing methods. The thesis designes the methodology and also checks the practical application up.
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Empty public spaces and their potencial in a modern structure of European city
Kuznetcova, Evgeniia ; Kováč, Bohumil (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Kopáčik, Gabriel (advisor)
The subject of this work is research of the transformation of public spaces in the modern European city structure. Modern life is changing, but there are more and more examples proving that urban spaces only partially correspond to the changing environment and the demands of people. The result is noticed as „emptying“ of some public spaces, which is characterized by lack of diversity and richness of the physical and social content of space and the subsequent loss of their meaning. This paper aims to describe the emerging „empty“ public spaces, to creat their definition and classification. The work generally examines the current situation of public spaces and describe the factors that cause their transformation. The work also presents an analysis of the problems emerging empty spaces and highlights the possible potential of these areas. Finally, it is described the current trends in the revitalization of empty public spaces, which are an example of their potential use.
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Analysis of suburbanisation in the context of suburban villages
Ferenc, Kryštof ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Balabánová, Pavla (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
Subject of thesis are suburban zones of cities in direct contact with willages. Their phisical urban structures as well as their development in time and processes witch affects these changes. Despite that a different european countries has different systems of spatial planning, they allwys have three main levels of planning process. These layers are: Strategic planning, regulation level and execution level. What differs is tunig of this system and wights of importance set on different „layers“. This tuning has a substential impact on way how are the cities and urban structures developer. This tuning of spatial planning systém has huge impact on physical structure and form of cities. Every setting of system brings differnt possibilities of solving problems. In both schort-term and long-term development processes. This thesis will therefore examine affects of different settings of spatial planning system in Czech Republic and Federal Republic of Germany (In specific terms – Free state of Bavaria, region of Upper Palatinate) and its long-term afffects on phisical structure of cities. With empahsis on ways in which historical village structures integrate in city structure and transform in cities districts. Goal of thesis is effort to analyse results of these two spatial planning systems. And mainly in suburban zones affected by development axes of bigger cities. Thesis will compare urban and suburban structures of two cities in two different countries. Analysed example for Czech republic is Brno. As Bavarian example stands Regensburg (as a city of comparable structure). One of important criteria is ability of systéms to effectively capture and use all of territorys development potential and possibiliteis and therefore – ability to create viable and susteinable land systems. In suburban spaces where City systems meets suburban and village systems is intensive use of existing structures and active work with subcenters crutial to susteinable development of cities.
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Transformation of suburban villages
Ferenc, Jonáš ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Balabánová, Pavla (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The thesis discusses suburban villages (and, indirectly, also villages that are even further away from urban areas), their current character, and their changes over the course of history. Most Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian municipalities struggle with persistent issues, such as the decline of their primarily agrarian function (and the unattractiveness of this lifestyle for the younger generations), changes in demographic composition (the exodus of natives to cities, and their replacement by “weekenders“), the lower purchase power of rural areas (due to lower wages in agriculture and the lack of other job opportunities), insufficient traffic infrastructure, unclear property relations, the loss of their own identity due to the closeness of a core city, and uncontrolled suburbanisation which transforms both villages and their environment. The end effects of these issues are depopulation of rural areas, ageing of current inhabitants and unfavourable prospects for the future. On the other hand, the situation in neighbouring Bavaria seems to be the exact opposite. Bavaria hasn't experienced collectivisation, and a communist dictatorship hasn't cut the ties of local inhabitants towards their lands and properties which have been in their families for centuries. Many issues encountered in the Czech Republic are therefore unknown here, and villages that happen to be near urban areas tend to grow in a natural way while retaining their original rural and local identities. The superior infrastructure network enables better mobility of the populace, which allows the people to commute longer distances. However, they can still spend their time in their actual place of residence, and they often proudly consider themselves a part of the local social life and of the local community – not of the core city. Therefore the goal of the thesis is to compare Czech and Bavarian villages in terms of sustainable development, using specific examples, to analyse which elements are better in which system, and to compare whether it is possible to apply the principles of sustainability which are used in Bavaria to the sustainable development of Czech countryside.
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Integration of social life with urban space syntax
Al-Ibrahim, Najeh Mohammed Mohammed ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Fridrich, Lubor (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
Studium prostorové syntaxe a prostorového poznání (vnímání) ukázalo a určilo statistický vztah mezi vlastnostmi prostoru a prostorovým poznáváním (schopnost jednotlivců připomenout a představit si mapu prostoru). Disertační práce zdůrazňuje aspekt prostorového poznávání, který je založen na podobě a kvalitě prostředí. Prezentuje myšlenku, že poznávací mapování jako proces je kulturně vymezený. Jeho výsledky jsou přejímány a filtrovány z prostředí, v němž lidé žijí. To znamená, že mohou vznikat různé výsledky poznávacího mapování a různé výsledky založené na lidských hodnotách. Pokud by se prokázalo, že proces je ovlivněn hodnotami lidí a jejich kulturními návyky, znamenalo by to, že existuje další faktor individuální mentální reprezentace prostoru. Ten zahrnuje aspekty, které pomáhají jednotlivcům získat specifické povědomí o tom, co je pro ně vyhovující prostředí. Cílem disertační práce je analyzovat tento předpoklad zkoumáním vztahu mezi vlastnostmi prostoru a prostorovým poznáváním a prokázat, že rozdíl v kultuře lidí ovlivňuje tento vztah. V práci jsou zodpovězeny dvě klíčové otázky: První - zda existuje souvislost mezi prostorovým vnímáním a satisfakcí lidí z jejich životního prostředí, a druhá - zda taková spokojenost ovlivňuje vztah mezi prostorovým uspořádáním a prostorovým poznáním. Další otázka plynoucí z analýzy zní: Které kulturní hodnoty jsou spojeny s procesem prostorového poznání? Mezi hlavní nástroje a postupy používané v práci patří: software prostorové syntaxe, analýza vlastností prostoru v rámci dvou studijních oblastí - Brno centrum města (Česká Republika) a staré Město Damašek (Sýrie), dotazník zkoumající spokojenost lidí, test prostorového mapování a pozorování chodců. Z analýzy vyplývá: Za prvé - existuje vztah mezi prostorovým poznáním a satisfakcí, za druhé - prostorové poznání má tendenci být ovlivněno nejen strukturou prostoru, ale také způsobem, jakým ho lidé vnímají a jaký mu přisuzují smysl. Práce se snaží celkově objasnit vliv prostorové konfigurace na vztah mezi lidmi a prostorem, zvlášť na vztah mezi prostorovou konfigurací a množstvím lidí v prostoru.
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Urban Festivities and Cultural Events as Instruments of Urban Revitalization and Development
Čermáková, Eva ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Doc.PhDr.Jana Šafránková,CSc. (referee) ; Ing.arch.Eva Staňková (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (advisor)
The central aim of this research is to contribute to the debate on the actual and potential role of urban festivities in urban development of cites areas. For some time, policy makers, planners and architects have realized the great importance of urban festivities and cultural events in revitalization and development of urban areas. They pay attention to both direct or indirect impact of such activities. A variety of festivities and cultural events have started to been incorporated into large-scale architectural and urban projects. They have also been employed as political tools. By now, it is generally accepted that urban festivities and cultural events are important investments contributing to the integration of communities and overall improved representation of the urban region. They often provide the urban environment with a new meaning and/or character. The proposed research is investigating and analyzing the potential effects of urban festivities and cultural events on the transformations and new perceptions of urban spaces and how they can be used as policy tools. It focuses on organized open-air activities in urban public spaces (including urban centers, neighborhoods and peripheries). Principal results of this research are based on the cooperation of two research centres: the Institute of Theory, School of Architecture, Brno University of Technology in Czech Republic and Laboratory for Theories on Urbanism, French Planning Institute, Paris VIII University in France.
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Public spaces - indicators of city life quality
Vaďurová, Jana ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Pondělíček, Michael (referee) ; Doc.PhDr.Jana Šafránková,CSc. (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (advisor)
This doctoral thesis is based on an approach of the city planning and control of its development as well as principals of sustainable development. Permanent sustainability of city planning and control of city development needs indicators for valuation of effectiveness of these processes. The doctoral thesis deal with valuation of public space quality and the opportunities of description quality of public space as an aggregate indicator of city life quality. Thesis is focused on selection of indicators, which is crucial for valuation of public space quality linked with processes of city planning, and proposal of its methodology. Based on analyses of existing approaches and valuations of public space, the indicators representing quality were proposed. The main requirement for proposed indicators was effort for clarify and simplicity as well as availability of dates needed for indicator´s measurements. The thesis includes theoretical proposal of methodology as well as its examination in practice. Final linkage indicator - "public space - indicator of city life quality" is verified on chosen public spaces of cities in the Czech Republic. Complete methodology was proved on Hradec Králové city.
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Recreation potential of public spaces of panel district in Slovakia
BALI, Peter ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Mansfeldová, Alena (referee) ; Riedl, Dušan (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (advisor)
RECREATION POTENTIAL OF PUBLIC SPACES OF PANEL DISTRICT IN SLOVAKIA This task discuss about relation between natural place potential and how place influence regeneration of public spaces to create live and usefull spaces for dwellers. In literary overview this task disscus about different kinds of recreation, which every dveller can do in public spaces of our panel districts, than about regeneration of publick spaces and types of living spaces, which exist in panel districts. The important element of this task was evaluate contemporary conditions of publick spaces in Slovak nanel districkts, if it possible to use them and what is their activity range, because natural givennes of panel districts markedly enfluent oportunities and ways how to regenerate spaces for recreation. I made two evaluations, which are aimed at of panel districts recreation atraction for dwellers. The second evaluation searched public spaces of panel districts in detail, their conditions and use range of dwellers. On base of these evaluations I created four recreation potential categhories of panels districts and we tried to find the infuence of this recreation potential to creating of public spaces. On the base of our results from choosed panel districts we found out, that panel districts, which care about their natural givennes are more often used by dwellers, than panel districts which created new artificial public spaces. Based on this results I confirmed my hypothesis. Use of this task is in many ways, in theoretical way as base for next searching of panel districts regeneration. In practical way it can be used as regeneration tool
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Crime prevention through environmental design strategy and its use in selected Prague's localities
Fiala, Ondřej ; Šiftová, Jana (advisor) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (referee)
In this thesis I focus on the preventive strategy called Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED). The aim of this strategy is to act preventively against crime and to reduce fear of crime by means of modification of the physical setting in public spaces. CPTED is theoretically based mainly on findings of crime geography, environmental criminology and architecture. After presenting this concept at the theoretical level I focus on six concrete locations in Prague. On the basis of my field research I investigate if the principles of CPTED are applied in these locations. I also refer to differences between locations, where the preventive principles were applied and locations without use of the CPTED standards. Through the use of questionnaires I try to verify if people really feel safer in places where the principles of CPTED were used. Then I observe the types of activites and the structure of people in those six examined locations. Semistructured interviews with the employees of the Prague municipal police were realised to complete the characteristics of these places. In the last part of the thesis I consider the possibilities of design adjustments in the unsuitable locations according to the CPTED principles.
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