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The variability of soil organic carbon pool and the potential of ground penetrating radar in its estimating
Zajícová, Kateřina ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šamonil, Pavel (referee) ; Leopold, Matthias (referee)
In the context of ongoing climate change, more attention is being given to soil and its organic carbon pool. This is because soil could partially compensate for the increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere or, on the other hand, be a vast pool of carbon dioxide if organic matter stored in soil mineralizes. Therefore, the precision of soil organic carbon pool estimation, development of monitoring methods, and revelation of factors controlling the pool have been more and more focused on by soil scientists. Conventional soil sampling for soil organic carbon pool estimation and modelling includes manual sampling, measuring forest floor depth and bulk density, and taking soil samples for carbon concentration analysis. These are time and labour demanding. Therefore, there is an effort to develop precise models predicting the carbon pool based on its driving factors that would limit the amount of fieldwork. The models often use remote sensing data, and, in addition, there is an effort to estimate soil organic carbon concentration from soil spectral characteristics. Nevertheless, another variable needed to estimate the organic carbon pool is the thickness of the soil profile or individual soil horizons. The thickness can hardly be determined from remote sensing data, so it has to be measured...
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Remnant of forest at the transition from Late Glacial period to Holocene: dendroecological and palaeobotanical reconstruction
Moravcová, Alice ; Šamonil, Pavel (advisor) ; Rybníček, Michal (referee)
The remains from a sub-fossil pine forest burried in layers of peat deposits at the northern edge of the CHKO Křivoklátsko in the Central Bohemia is completely unique findings for the area of the Czech Republic. It offers new opportunities for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and related climate changes during the Late Glacial and early Holocene epoch. The methods of dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating were used to date subfossil trees. The results of radiocarbon dating determined the existence of the forest in the period approximately 12,000 to 10,300 cal yr BP. The dendrochronological analyses revealed two continuous floating chronologies. The chronology RD4, which is long 200 years, originates from the Younger Dryas. The chronology RD6, 300 years long, originates from the Preboreal. The growth dynamics of the forest were reconstructed on the basis of the tree- ring analysis. Hydrological regime has been identified as a major disturbancy factor that influenced the growth of trees. This has been evident from synchronous phase depressions in the growth of synchronized tree-ring series. The high water table was the main cause of their extinction. This was in concordance with the results of macrofossils analyses. The effect of hydrological regime was largely influenced by microsite differences...
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