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DESTRUCTION OF JERUSALEM TEMPLE(TREATING OF THE SUBJECT IN CLASSICAL JEWISH TEXTS)
Razák, Věra ; Nosek, Bedřich (advisor) ; Holubová, Markéta (referee) ; Šafin, Ján (referee)
Destruction of Jerusalem Temple (Treating the Subject in Classic Jewish Texts) Věra Razáková This thesis focuses mainly on texts describing the Temple's very destruction, be it by the Babylonian army in 587 BC or later on by the Roman army in 70 CE. In addition, it also inspects circumstances of the conquer and the destruction of the Temple and the city of Jerusalem immediately preceded. The examined texts are (with some exceptions) the texts of classical rabbinic literature of antiquity. Although there is no doubt about how crucial the event (i. e. the demise of the Temple and the Temple Cult in Judaism) was, its image in the literature is not a massive one. Also, there are mostly individual references on a smaller scale. This is especially true of examining the causes of the destruction of the Temple and Jerusalem. Other mentions in halachic texts are similarly sketchy. Dealing with the changes forced by the extinction of the Temple, the central Temple cult, and Temple sacrificial worship. The main texts of this group are Mishna and Tosefta. The Gemara of the Babylonian (and also Jerusalem) Talmud, and in particular, some selected Midrashim are a much richer source for the subject under scrutiny. Working with Haggadic texts has brought more consistent descriptions of the destruction of the Temple...
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RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AND SOCIAL CHANGES INCHRISTIAN COMMUNICATION IN INDEPENDENTKAZAKHSTAN
Slováková, Viktorie ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Šafin, Ján (referee) ; Nosek, Bedřich (referee)
153 ABSTRACT This doctoral dissertation conducted research on religious education and social change in Christian communication using the example of transnational and multi-faith countries, in particular Kazakhstan. The work used basic principles and methods to present the historical and cultural state of contemporary Kazakhstan and its religious sphere of life. The relevance of the problem is connected primarily with the historical and social changes that occurred after the collapse of the Soviet Union, when the Republic of Kazakhstan achieved independence and assumed the role of a democratic and secular state. In this context, it is important to pay attention to the role of Christian religion in these changes. Every state faces problems that require active participation in solving them. In Kazakhstan, an important issue is the regulation of religious organisations. One of the key points is the importance of religious education in the formation of new social relations and the maintenance of democratic values. New forms of Christian communication are emerging and are being adapted to modern society. However, it should be taken into account that in the religious sphere there are also problems related to the rejection by some groups of society of certain religious beliefs, as well as problems of extremism and...
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Practical-Theological Aspects of Fleeing as a Result of Religious Persecution of Christians from Iraq and Egypt
Miláčková, Věra ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee) ; Šafin, Ján (referee)
This dissertation focusses on fleeing from religious persecution and aims to answer three research questions: 1) For Christians from Egypt and Iraq, what external aspects or factors related to persecution play a role in their decision to flee their home country? 2) How do these religiously persecuted Christians from Egypt and Iraq internally process and evaluate their experience in relation to their flight from their home country? 3) What are the practical theological implications of the various stages of fleeing? It is a multidisciplinary study with original qualitative field research with an emphasis on connecting theoretical and practical parts. In the study I focus on BCBs = Believers of Christian Background and BMBs = Believers of Muslim Background. In the first six chapters I lay theoretical foundations of what persecution means, including the definition, the dynamics, analysis of persecution in the Bible, and theological approaches to fleeing. I also provide a historical-demographic overview of Christians in Iraq and Egypt including an analysis of their persecution. The description of the research design is followed by a description of the five major themes that came out of the field research (coming out, fear for life, fleeing, price paid, and God as goal and means). These themes were then...
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Freedom of Conscience and Spirit of Christ - Fundamental Principle of Hussite Theology
Sedlák, Filip ; Vogel, Jiří (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Šafin, Ján (referee)
Freedom of Conscience and Spirit of Christ - Fundamental Principle of Hussite Theology Filip Sedlák The dissertation topic is freedom of conscience in the Spirit of Christ as a specific expression of the essence of Christianity and the resulting Christian freedom in the concept of the theology of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church (CHC) - Hussite theology. Although freedom of conscience and the Spirit of Christ are two seemingly independent ideas, it is clear from the tradition of Hussite theology, including official doctrinal and legal documents, that they are connected. Zdeněk Trtík, the most important theologian for this concept, connects them later explicitly in the form mentioned above. The primary notion is the Spirit of Christ as the essence of Christianity. Freedom of conscience as a form of Christian freedom ensues from it due to accepting the authority of the Spirit of Christ, accepting Christ as the Lord, and becoming his disciples. The concept of freedom of conscience in the Spirit of Christ has a crucial permanent place in the CHC tradition and has been present in it from the beginning to the present. But at the same time, this concept has undergone some evolution and changes, and therefore it must be considered in its essence, which is permanent. Thus, we are looking for the essence of...
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Adversus nationes by Arnobius of Sicca and Octavius by Minucius Felix
Říhová, Ladislava ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Šafin, Ján (referee) ; Pokorný, Petr (referee)
African teacher of rhetoric Arnobius of Sicca, who lived at the turn of the 3rd and 4th century, is one of the less known Christian authors. He is the author of Christian apology written in Latin called Adversus nationes. His statement attracted particular interest of philologists and historians of antiquity, because it contains large amounts of mythological material. The aim of this work is to introduce Arnobius not only as a crucial source of pagan theology, but also as an important Christian witness of the complicated religious - political situation of Christianity in the time before the Milan Edict, particularly at the time of Diocletian's persecution of Christians. Given the need to work with original texts includes this thesis also the first Czech translation of Arnobiusʼ apology.
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Freedom of Conscience and Religious Policy of Soviet Power in South of Ukraine in 1917-1939 (Historical and Legal aspect): from State to Individual
Bilash, Oleksandr ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Šafin, Ján (referee) ; Přibyl, Stanislav (referee)
Resume The thesis is a theoretical generalization and solution of the scientific problem, which consists of the analysis and characterization of the process of formation and development of the right to freedom of conscience, the functioning of this institution in the conditions of the anti-church policy of the Soviet government and clarifying the specific features of the religious policy of the Soviet state in 1917- 1939 and its impact on civil society and individuals (in particular, priests and clergymen, believers, members of their families), through repressive methods of control and coercion. Having investigated the stages of formation and development of the institutions of freedom of conscience and religion (tolerance in certain historical stages of world history), the genesis of views on freedom of conscience and its legislative consolidation in the religious policy of Soviet power in 1917-1939, as well as the influence of state atheistic policy ( in this case, repressive policies) on the fate of individual personalities or groups, in particular clergy, activists and members of religious communities, members of their families, we came to certain theses, which is a response to these challenges in our research: 1) by defining the structure and generalizing various scientific approaches to understanding...
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Adversus nationes by Arnobius of Sicca and Octavius by Minucius Felix
Říhová, Ladislava ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Šafin, Ján (referee) ; Pokorný, Petr (referee)
African teacher of rhetoric Arnobius of Sicca, who lived at the turn of the 3rd and 4th century, is one of the less known Christian authors. He is the author of Christian apology written in Latin called Adversus nationes. His statement attracted particular interest of philologists and historians of antiquity, because it contains large amounts of mythological material. The aim of this work is to introduce Arnobius not only as a crucial source of pagan theology, but also as an important Christian witness of the complicated religious - political situation of Christianity in the time before the Milan Edict, particularly at the time of Diocletian's persecution of Christians. Given the need to work with original texts includes this thesis also the first Czech translation of Arnobiusʼ apology.
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The Way to Intrinsic Freedom of Man According to Evagrius and John Cassian(The Way to Holistic Health of Man)
Hempl, Jiří ; Ventura, Václav (advisor) ; Šafin, Ján (referee) ; Vymětal, Jan (referee)
The aim of this dissertation is to highlight the fact that mental disorders can also have a spiritual cause. This thesis is based on an assumption that the spiritual condition of a person is expressed by mental manifestations of man. The research focuses mainly on the spiritual condition of man, that influences the holistic health of man. If we speak of a physical treatment or mental disorders treatment we can also speak about spiritual healing. It focuses on the treatment of a spiritual pathology of man. The research in this dissertation was inspired by a living praxis of desert Fathers of 4th century AD. This dissertation aims to present this concept to a man of the 21st century.
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Ideological and Reforming Flowx in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in the first half of the 20th century
Belya, Oleksandr ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee) ; Šafin, Ján (referee)
Oleksandr Belya MYŠLENKOVÉ A REFORMNÍ PROUDY V UKRAJINSKÉ PRAVOSLAVNÉ CÍRKVI V PRVNÍ POLOVINĚ XX. STOLETÍ In the proposed thesis, the Ukrainian Church Movement of the first half of the 20th century is studied in reference to consequences of the analytik opening of its inner and outer contents. The shown historical period is the most vivid in this sense. The analytik conclusions in the historical aspect mark the derivation of the Ukrainian Church Idea from the integrity of the Russian Church and the Historical Archetype. Due to its aberration under the exposure of historic cataclysms, the Ukrainian Idea, found the tendency to self sufficient historical realisation. However, the lack of consistent harmonisation of its up to date condition with the archetypal basis, became the reason of the falling to the historical marginalia level with its coming consequences that directly affected the Church life. Methodologically, the Ukrainian Church Idea in its inner and outer kontent is estimated as to the analytik paradigms. As a result, there was found the high level of morphological dependence and ''genetic predisposition'' to the progressive fragmentation of its integrity.
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