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Quality control of blood components.
Lebdušková, Jana ; Řeháček, Vít (advisor) ; Jiroušová, Hana (referee)
Transfusion is a treatment procedure that represents the transfer of blood or blood components from the bloodstream into the bloodstream of the donor-recipient patient. Blood transfusion service ensures the quality and safety of therapeutic use of human blood and its components. In order to protect public health and prevent transmission of infectious diseases, shall take all precautionary measures during collection, processing, distribution and use of blood and blood components. Setting high standards of duality and safety of human blood to convince the public that the requirements in all countries of the European Communities. (Directive 2002 / 98/ EC)
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HLA typization of celiac disease in pediatric patients
Jandová, Hana ; Řeháček, Vít (advisor) ; Jiroušová, Hana (referee)
This theses is a study of the relationship between certain HLA alleles and coeliac disease. I am concentrating on individuals with a predisposition to coeliac disease and the link between these and the presence of particular alleles. In the theoretical part of the theses I'm describing the structure of the HLA system and the association of HLA with the disease. Furthermore I am concentrating on characteristics of the disease and possibilities of its diagnoses. In the practical part I describe in detail the molecular-genetical examination of coeliac disease. I asses the presence of predisposed alleles for this disease in patients from The II. Internal Gastroenterology Clinic , The Children's Clinic of Faculty Hospital in Hradec Kralove and other gastroenterology clinics in the region.
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Preparation of platelets from apheresis
Slívová, Michaela ; Řeháček, Vít (advisor) ; Jiroušová, Hana (referee)
Bc. Michaela Slívová Preparation of Platelets from Apheresis Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Specialist in Laboratory Methods Background: Aim of the thesis was to evaluate and compare preparation of platelets from apheresis at two departments of the University Hospital Hradec Králové - Transfusion Department (TD) and Department of Clinical Hematology (DCH), using two different types of cell separators - TRIMA Accel version 5.1 and Haemonetics MCS+. Methods: Parameters recorded during platelet collection in the period from August 2010 to January 2011 were used to evaluate characteristics of products and collection procedure properties: collection efficiency, relation between pre donation platelet count and platelet yield, post donation reduction in platelet count, difference between required and acquired platelet yield and leukodepletion. The incidence of adverse reactions of platelet apheresis donors were also recorded. Results: DCH produces more voluminous concentrates with higher platelet yield. The collection efficiency 60 % was determined as satisfactory in both separators. Correlation between pre donation platelet count and platelet yield was positive. Average post donation reduction in platelet count was 27,8 %. There was significant...
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Erythrocytapheresis in the Treatment of Patients with Hereditary Haemochromatosis
Řeháček, Vít ; Bláha, Milan (advisor) ; Gašová, Zdenka (referee) ; Penka, Miroslav (referee)
BACKGROUND: Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is one of the most common hereditary diseases of the Euro-American population. The disease is caused by increased absorption of iron from the intestine, regardless of its current stores in the body. Excess iron is stored in tissues and organs and causes their significant damage. HH treatment consists of regular blood withdrawal, activation of erythropoesis causes the utilization of excess iron and normalization of its reserves. The standard method of blood withdrawal is venipuncture, an alternative method with the possibility of collecting larger red cell volume in one procedure is erythrocytapheresis. The aim of the research was to create a group of patients with newly diagnosed HH, apply erythrocytapheresis, verify their effectiveness, optimize and standardize treatment to reduce ferritin levels in the induction phase of treatment below 50 μg/l and subsequently keep ferritin levels below 100 μg / l in the maintenance phase of treatment. METHODS: The group of patient was created in cooperation with hepatology departments of the Hradec Králové region, by testing related patients with HH and by screening blood donors. For erythrocytapheresis, a Haemonetics MCS+ separator (Haemonetics Corp., Braintree, MA, USA) was used. The SW of MCS+ can modify red cell...
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The other human red blood groups systems.
Košťálková, Helena ; Řeháček, Vít (advisor) ; Jiroušová, Hana (referee)
Immunohematology studies antigen-antibody reactions and different forms of antigens and antibodies which cause the immunologic reaction of the organism. One of the hazards of blood transfusion is the immunization of individuals. The reaction between antigens and antibodies leads to the binding of the antibodies on the red blood cells membranes and premature degradation. Development of the antibodies affects about 0.1 - 3 % of the human population. Currently 270 blood group systems are known. The National Reference Laboratory for Imunohematology determines the specificity of antibodies against the blood group systems Diego, Yt, Xg, Scianna, Dombrock, Colton, Landsteiner-Wiener, Gerbich, Cromer, Knops, Indian, Ok, John Milton Hagen, HFA and LFA. For the detection of antibodies against the mentioned blood group systems uses the laboratory proper assays and Scarf - an archive of serum with antibodies and red blood cells containing the special antigens. Over the time period since 1st January 2007 till 31st December 2011 102 antibodies against the named blood group systems were detected. Some of these antibodies are clinically significant and subsequent hemoteraphie is very complicated. The most detected antibody was anti-Wr(a), an antibody against the low frequent antigen Wr(a) Diego system.
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Good Transfusion Practice.
Sigmundová, Pavla ; Řeháček, Vít (advisor) ; Jiroušová, Hana (referee)
Autor: Pavla Sigmundová Název: Good transfusion practice Bakalářská práce Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Studijní obor: Zdravotnická bioanalytika - zdravotní laborant (Kombinovaná forma studia) Abstract The correct practice of blood is a topic that deserves more attention. Failure to comply with the correct blood practices may affect the safe transfer of blood products. To ensure the safe transfer are therefore important theoretical knowledge of health professionals, who are entitled to the blood products. The result of the test, which I form, clearly speaks for more training in this area. The correct blood practices relating to: before transfusion procedures performed outside of the blood bank (clinical Department), before transfusion examination carried out on blood bank, handling with transfusion preparations for clinical departments. Failure to comply with best practices we will post the patient at risk of post-transfusion reactions. Even in the case of suspicion of post-transfusion reaction are important theoretical knowledge of health professionals, they should know how to proceed. In the theoretical part I summarised the correct blood practice including the indications. Is the rule, each transfusion, which is not strictly indicated, it is strictly to the continued...
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