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Supervisory Boards of Joint Stock Companies and Employee Co-determination in the Czech Republic
Červená, Markéta ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Vacek, Pavel (referee)
The Czech regulatory framework for supervisory boards of large joint stock com- panies leaves significant space to configure company-specific setups in hands of shareholders. As a result, the design, composition and competences of a super- visory board in the Czech Republic can to a large extent vary from company to company. In addition to that, the regulatory framework has been subject to potentially impactful changes over the last decade, such as relaxation and follow- ing re-introduction of mandatory representation of employees in the supervisory boards for all large joint stock companies. This thesis explores a unique dataset with information on all, more than 250, Czech joint stock companies with over 500 employees that were subject to the re-introduced requirement on employee participation. The aim of this thesis is to shed light on supervisory board prac- tices in the Czech republic between 2009-2020. Special attention is paid to the question how these practices changed in light of changing legal requirements regarding the mandatory employee participation. First, a series of observations that draws from the examined dataset was provided on the topic, uncovering, e.g., that two-tier corporate governance structure remained dominant in the Czech environment; that education and gender of...
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Patent box regimes: Evaluation of ex post tax incentives effects on innovating activity
Červená, Markéta ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Frydrych, Milan (referee)
Patent box regimes: Evaluation of ex post tax incentives effects on innovating activity Abstract in English The aim of this thesis is to compare the impacts of patent box introduction on R&D and patenting activity with impacts generated by equivalent change in corporate income tax rate in order to evaluate whether the patent boxes in gen- eral succeed in targeting the tax benefit efficiently on the R&D fostering. Using OECD country-level data panel consolidated from various sources, incl. the PATSTAT database, three different metrics that altogether capture the overall R&D (i.e. actual innovation generating activity) and patenting (i.e. intangible asset generating activity) situation were defined and computed. The SURE (Seemingly unrelated regression equations) estimation method is then used to study those metrics in the context of relevant macroeconomic, R&D and tax indicators, concluding that both, the patent box regime and the statutory cor- porate income tax rate decline have positive impact on R&D and patenting activity, while the effect issued from a patent box introduction tends to be moderated. Despite a special attention given to the comparison of magnitudes of the actual innovation fostering effect and the patent shifting effect associated with the policy change, the analysis was partially...
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