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The change of face of the town Pelhrimov during second half of 19th century and the early 20th century
TOMŠŮ, Jaroslava
This thesis takes an interest in urbanistic development of Pelhrimov at the turn of 19th and 20th century. It tries to show process of the urbanization basically with an example of this town. It takes a note of evolution of small-towners` esthetical feelings and their approach to the care of historical monuments and it wants to find movers and initiators of architecture changes in the town. From this poit of view it takes an interest in regional section of Club For old Prague mainly. Mambers of the section became advisory authority in questions of rebuilding Pelhrimov during the early 20th century. They arranged contacts with Prague{\crq}s architects and historians of art. There have been realized some interesting projects thanks to them. The most telling was a cooperation with architect Pavel Janak and historian Zdenek Wirth. Pelhrimov rose from small-town{\crq}s culture for a while. But the promotion of new trends in art faced to protests of still conzervative inhabitants.
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Options reeducation eyesight of preschool children with binocular vision disorder
DOSKOČILOVÁ, Renata
This bachelor´s thesis deals with the topic of options of re-education eyesight of preschool children with binocular vision disorder. Theoretical part of this thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is about persons with visual disability, describes visual impairment and the term limited vision, criteria for assessing visual defects, distribution of visual impairment and characterizes binocular vision disorder. The second chapter is about evolution of preschool child, about specifics of evolution of preschool child with visual impairment, about legislative framework of education of children with visual impairment in The Czech Republic, about education and socialization of a child. The third chapter of theoretical part contains the term re-education, possibilities of re-education of binocular vision disorder from a medical point of view and possibilities special education support for children with binocular vision disorder. The main goal of this bachelor´s thesis was to create worksheets for the purpose of re-education in the form of eye exercises in a playful way for preschool children with binocular vision disorder and then verified in practice. Based on interview with educators, from which come requirement to make quality, original and useful worksheets, were made required worksheets different from worksheets which are in classrooms to use next. Final verification of those worksheets was in the same kindergarten where the interview with educators was made. The examined group counted five children boys for and five years aged with different types of binocular vision disorder which are attending nursery garden for visually impaired in České Budějovice. Qualitative approach was chosen as form of research. As the first data collection technique was used observation of children during verifying the worksheets. As the second technique was used holding a semi-structured interview with pedagogues and orthoptical nurse which agreed on need and meaningfulness of making of worksheets. As the third technique was used analysis available documents, folders with worksheets, registration lists, medical reports in classroom of nursery garden for visually impaired. Thanks to interview with orthoptic nurse was given comprehensive description orthoptical and pleoptical instruments and influencing factors of children´s motivation during pleoptical and orthoptical exercises in general. The interview with pedagogue and orthoptic nurse shows that all of them cooperate during re-education of sight of children with binocular vision disorder. Both sides consult on worksheets as a meaningful and creative form of re-education of sight, which availability is not so sufficient and which must meet certain criteria to reach re-education of binocular sight the correct way. By research investigation was found that clarity of task and its interpretation is essential during the work with group of preschool children. If child is filling the worksheet with supposed process, it occurs in the strengthening of the visual-motor coordination coordination device of coloring or leading lines by concrete direction. Child must also turn in area of visual perception on the differentiation of figure and background to reach desired results in context to task and content of worksheet. In tasks for visual distinction child must connect properties of object in confrontation with reality and differ by sight different and same objects. By filling one of those lists child trains vision analysis and synthesis of an object in background, which is divided by lines in front of the object. Visual memory, vocabulary and connection to real experiences child trains in worksheets where it confronts pictures with real frames, animals and objects. A child has also possibility to train motion of eyes on line of tasks in tables or rows.
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Economic and trade issues as factors affecting the stability of an independent Kosovo
Šujanová, Lucie ; Pikal, Kamil (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
The paper examines the influence of economy and trade on the stability of an independent Kosovo. It tracked the evolution of these areas since the end of the Kosovo war to the present. Based on the analysis identified the causes consequences of the current economic situation in Kosovo. The text also includes other factors that adversely affect the functioning of an independent state. Alarming unemployment, the effects of organized crime and poor relations with Serbia are problems that hinder economic development of the newly independent state. The basis of the paper is an application of the Kosovo case for Rostow's theory of economic development. The text includes several areas of development of Kosovo, in order to verify the economic theory as exact. The thesis also examines and evaluates what stage of development in Kosovo according to the theory is and how can this new state will evolve. With this findings includes suggestions that Kosovo could be directed at further progress.
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Mikro radiografické měření rozvoje materiálového poškození
Vavřík, Daniel ; Jakůbek, J.
Studies concerning the functionality and integrity of the loaded materials require information about crack tip evolution. The X-ray Dynamic Defectoscopy (XRDD) has spatial resolution of the micrometric scale thanks to usage of microspot X-ray source, high resolution detector system and advanced processing of radiographic data.
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Metabolism of uric acid during mammalian evolution
Mančíková, Andrea ; Krylov, Vladimír (advisor) ; Stibůrková, Blanka (referee)
Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism of humans and some higher primates. In other mammals enzyme urate oxidase is capable to further convert uric acid to allantoin. During evolution of primates several mutations in urate oxidase gene had occured, led the enzyme to decrease its activity or to complete loss of function. What was the initial impetus for the utilization of uric acid and what biochemical traits of uric acid led to a tendency to retain a major of this metabolite production in the bloodstream? Uric acid has antioxidant capabilities and it is scavanger of free radicals. Increased levels of uric acid in blood has an effect on acute and chronic elevations of blood pressure. It is possible that hyperuricemia helped to maintain blood pressure under low-salt dietary conditions of primates during the Miocene. This mechanism probably have allowed to stabilize bipedalism our ancestors. Uric acid has an important role as a neuroprotector. As inhibitor the permeability blood-brain barrier, uric acid limits the infiltration of undesirable substances to the neurons and prevents central nervous system against the formation of inflammatory diseases. Such as neurodegenerative diseases may be caused by reduced serum uric acid levels. Uric acid protects against peroxinitrite damage tissues in the...
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Moderní evoluční algoritmy pro hledání oblastí s vysokou fitness
Káldy, Martin ; Holeňa, Martin (advisor) ; Gemrot, Jakub (referee)
Evolutionary algorithms are optimization techniques inspired by the actual evolution of biological species. They use conceptually simple process of two repeating phases of reproduction and fitness-based selection, that iteratively evolves each time better solutions. Evolutionary algorithms receive a lot of attention for being able to solve very hard optimization problems, where other optimization techniques might fail due to existence of many local optima. Wide range of different variants of evolutionary algorithms have been proposed. In this thesis, we will focus on the area of Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDA). When creating the next generation, EDAs transform the selected high-fitness population into a probability distribution. New generation is obtained by sampling the estimated distribution. We will design and and implement combinations of existing EDAs that will operate in business-specific environment, that can be characterized as tree-like structure of both discrete and continuous variables. Also, additional linear inequality constraints are specified to applicable solutions. Implemented application communicates with provided interfaces, retrieving the problem model specification and storing populations into database. Database is used to assign externally computed fitness values from...
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Identification of Z-linked genes for the study of sex chromosome evolution in Lepidoptera
PROVAZNÍK, Jan
Moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) have a WZ/ZZ (female/male) sex chromosome system or its numerical variants. The non-recombining W chromosome is largely formed by heterochromatin, composed of repetitive DNA and almost free of genes. Its use for evolutionary studies is thus limited due to fast molecular divergence. Whereas the Z chromosome resembles to autosomes; it is rich in genes and thus expected to be more conserved. In this study, the Z-linked genes with available DNA sequence information are summarized in order to give reference to suitable candidates for the study on evolutionary history of sex chromosomes in Lepidoptera. The use of Zlinked genes to test current hypotheses on the origin of the lepidopteran W chromosome is also discussed.
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The role of polyploidisation in the evolution of the genus Chenopodium with a focus on Chenopodium quinoa
Babčanová, Natália ; Štorchová, Helena (advisor) ; Cvrčková, Fatima (referee)
Chenopodium is a cosmopolitan paraphyletic genus. Belongs to the Amaranthaceae family and the Chenopodioideae monophyletic subfamily. Diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid species are found in almost all evolution branches of Chenopodioideae, in the case of Chenopodium album, different degrees of ploidy occur within a single species. The degree of ploidy is an important factor in the study of evolution and phylogenetic relationships between Chenopodium species and it also affects the speciation and morphology. The genus Chenopodium includes weeds as well as cultivated crops, such as Chenopodium quinoa, Ch. pallidicaule, Ch. ambrosioides or Swaeda foliosa. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is the best known species of the Chenopodium genus. It is an allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 36), derived from the same albeit not yet known diploid parents as a closely related tetraploid Ch. berlandieri. Some of its alleles segregate as in a functional diploid, which complicates genetic analyses and breeding efforts. This species features high genetic variability due to gene flow between weed and crop populations and some other evolution processes that are affected by polyploidy. Quinoa is referred to as a pseudocereal and it has been used as a crop in South America as early as in the Inca times. It can survive at locations unsuitable...
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Materials for Production of Chords for Musical Instruments
Krhut, Štěpán ; Němec, Karel (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
My bachelor’s work is about materials used for making the musical strings and its protection against its wear off. The introduction deals with evolution and history of the musical strings and the next chapters explain physical basics of the vibrations and how to make the musical string. There are also highlighted and many times mentioned guitar strings in my work due to the string manufacturers are made to develop and implement various high level demands into the strings because of the many various guitar playing techniques.
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Studium rovnováhy mezi klesajícími kapkami železa a roztavenými silikáty v magmatických oceánech
Ulvrová, Martina ; Velímský, Jakub (advisor) ; Šrámek, Ondřej (referee)
During the Earth's accretion process deep magma oceans were episodically formed. Differentiation of iron took place within the melted zone and small droplets of iron were sinking to the base of the magma ocean due to the density contrast. In the present work we study the process of equilibration between dispersed metal droplets and surrounding silicates that proceeds by the advection transport and diffusion at the rim. We allow for steady state ow of a spherical liquid blob falling in a host liquid and establish the numerical code in axisymmetric spherical coordinates computing the chemical evolution of such heterogeneous system. We focus on determining the time scales of equilibration for which we propose an analytical model based on the boundary layer analysis. The obtained characteristic times are especially for low silicate viscosities very short that supports the idea that the drops attained equilibrium while sinking.
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