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Evaluation of the effectiveness of teaching vocational subjects depending on physical activity before schooling.
Janošíková, Martina ; Hanušová, Marie (advisor)
The period of transition to secondary school brings substantial changes in the requirements for study obligations, autonomy, communication, expression, or separated from their families in the form of staying at the dormitory. Students enrolled in sport centers, in addition to these changes, still struggling with the responsibilities associated with sport. Because they are students first through fourth grades of secondary schools and secondary vocational schools, an age when image self-I am, what I believe in, arises in interactions with the outside world and their own experience, plays a very important role to influence the environment, educators, teachers and trainers, with which students spend most of their time in practice. This study looks at students comprehensively in terms of personal development as a multifactorial biopsychosocial unit, in terms of cognitive and motivational processes, states and properties from the perspective of social psychology dealing with the interactions, relationships and communication, psychology of individuals within the social group and its importance for the development of the individual . It monitors conditions and educational outcomes in terms of educational psychology, dealing with forming properties, opinions, attitudes and value orientation from the perspective of educational psychology.
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Individual human odor as a forensic trail in criminal proceeding made by contact or contactless transmission and its resistance to physical agents
Santariová, Milena ; Bartoš, Luděk (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
The dissertation thesis consists of four papers that have been published in scientific journals.
Study n. 1
The need to recover evidence from water is quite common in criminal investigation. The article deals with the possibility to collect human scent from such objects and with the ability of specially trained dogs to match such scent samples with scent samples collected from detained suspects. During an experiment, designed as a blind one, it has been proved, that human scent can survive on submerged objects and can be later used for scent identification.
Study n. 2
To collect odors the Czech Republic Police use special fabric sorbents manufactured under the registered mark ARATEX. Before use the fabric sorbent is treated by water vapor sterilization. After the scent identification the sorbent is destroyed. The goal of the study was to verify if the vapor sterilization is effective enough to remove human scent that has already penetrated into the sorbent structure or in other words if the sorbent can be exposed to vapor sterilization and then used again. Specially trained dogs were used to match starting odors with target odors in the line-ups. The results showed that dogs are able to correctly match human odors even after they have being exposed to vapor sterilization.
Study n. 3
The purpose of the study was to determine the temperature at which the human scent is degraded so that a dog would not be able to identify it. In contrast to expectations, eight dogs used in the experiment almost flawlessly identified human scents from five scent donors exposed to temperatures of 100°C, 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C. Only two of the dogs were able to identify 5 of 15 scent samples exposed to 900°C. No dog identified a scent exposed to 1000°C. Our study verified heat survivability of human scent far beyond existing expectations.
Study n. 4
We tested the hypothesis that if odor fallout (the release of a human odor onto an untouched object) in human subjects exists, then holding a hand above an absorbent will produce a detectable scent which will be subsequently matched in a detection test by trained dogs. Scents were collected from seven males to sterile cotton absorbent squares. The left hand was used to get the control scent and the right hand served as the target scent. Each experimental subject was sitting and his left hand was laid down on a cotton square for 3 min. The right hand was held 5 cm above another cotton square for 3 min. The scent identification was done by two specially trained police German shepherds. Both dogs performed 14 line-ups and correctly matched the collected scents of all test subjects. The results suggest the existence of human odor fallout, whereby a human scent trace is left by humans even if they do not touch an object.
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Physically-based Modeling and Simulation
Dvořák, Radim ; Racek, Stanislav (referee) ; Šujanský,, Milan (referee) ; Zbořil, František (advisor)
Disertační práce se zabývá modelováním znečištění ovzduší, jeho transportních a disperzních procesů ve spodní části atmosféry a zejména numerickými metodami, které slouží k řešení těchto modelů. Modelování znečištění ovzduší je velmi důležité pro předpověď kontaminace a pomáhá porozumět samotnému procesu a eliminaci následků. Hlavním tématem práce jsou metody pro řešení modelů popsaných parciálními diferenciálními rovnicemi, přesněji advekčně-difúzní rovnicí. Polovina práce je zaměřena na známou metodu přímek a je zde ukázáno, že tato metoda je vhodná k řešení určitých konkrétních problémů. Dále bylo navrženo a otestováno řešení paralelizace metody přímek, jež ukazuje, že metoda má velký potenciál pro akceleraci na současných grafických kartách a tím pádem i zvětšení přesnosti výpočtu. Druhá polovina práce se zabývá poměrně mladou metodou ELLAM a její aplikací pro řešení atmosférických advekčně-difúzních rovnic. Byla otestována konkrétní forma metody ELLAM společně s navrženými adaptacemi. Z výsledků je zřejmé, že v mnoha případech ELLAM překonává současné používané metody.
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THE DRAMATICAL SCRIPT AS A NECESSARY BASIS FOR SPACIAL REALIZATOIN
Tretiag, Štěpán ; KORČÁK, Jakub (advisor) ; HRBEK, Daniel (referee)
Using the concrete examples of my practical bachelor work my intent is to retrospectively describe and reflect on our scenic realization of the play Missing by south-African author Reza de Wet. The essence of a modern dramatic direction is to perceive the script of a play as a model which becomes a basis for its interpretation and the subsequent staging of the play. It is the process from the initial interpretation to final scenic realization I wish to focus on in my work.In the first part I will be dealing with creation of a physical space, that being stage design. I will try to capture what lead us to its final shape and how the basis for that can be found in the script of the play as well as the potential capability of the physical space to become a dramatic space. Its ability to create a platform for the actors to proceed from and how can it provoke them into acting, in particular. In the second part I will be dealing with the dramatic space, ergo the spacial expression of relationships and themes. I will proceed again retrospectively, focusing on how we managed to achieve the stage image which is functioning as a materialized metaphor. I will focus mostly on non-verbal actions, but with regard to the fact, that dramatical script is the basis for our realization of the play.
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Gates - Sound instalation as an intersection of intermedia paradigms
Rataj, Jakub ; BARTOŇ, Hanuš (advisor) ; TROJAN, Jan (referee)
This work treats about the permeation of three spheres (sound instalation, soundscape and physical computing) and their influence for creating a proper piece of art ? sound instalation The Gates. First I treat about the sound instalation from different points of view ? historical context, the work with time, sound and space, technical and visual elaboration. In the end of the first part I describe the concept of my own sound instalation The Gates. In the second part I treat about the concept of soundscape and its influence for selecting the sound material. The last part treats about physical computing as an instrument for the realization of the sound instalation The Gates and as an instrument for enlarging the possibilities of the intermedial synthesis in a more general point of view.
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Lifestyle of patients with peripheral arterial disease before and after surgery
REZKOVÁ, Helena
Theoretical background: Peripheral arterial disease is a serious disease of Loir limb arteries which originates from atherosclerosis. The theoretical part deals with the lifestyle. There are mentioned basic risk factors of chronic forms. Further described are the pathophysiology changes generated on the basis of atherosclerosis and related causes for the origin of the disease. Subsequently there are explained methods of classification, developed clinical symptoms, diagnosis and therapy. This section also looks at the role of a nurse in the care of patients with peripheral arterial disease. Objectives: The aim of this work was to evaluate how patients with peripheral arterial disease changed their lifestyle after invasive vascular surgery. There were provided the following research questions: How do patients with peripheral arterial disease approach to the prevention of risk factors? What is in patients with peripheral arterial disease the main impuls for the possible change of their lifestyle? What influences surgery patient's attitude to risk factors for peripheral arterial disease? How crucial is a lifestyle change in patients after surgery for peripheral arterial disease? Methods: The theoretical part is processed using expert sources. The empirical part of the theses was processed using qualitative research. The chosen technique for data collection was semi-structured interviews with patients, with prepared open questions. The research was done in several phases - the first interview was conducted at the patient admission department (before surgery), followed by the next phase after three months, and 6 months after surgery. The interviews were recorded on a prepared form, then transcribed into electronic form and analyzed by open coding method. Results: The research showed that surgery can sometimes be triggered by changes in the patient's lifestyle. The first interviews in the preoperative period focused on how respondents felt, what was their lifestyle before surgery for atherosclerotic changes of the lower extremities. One of the questions was focused on patient knowledge about risk factors for the development of PAD and possible prevention. The second phase of interviews took place 3 months after the surgery. It dealt with the question about the respndents´ lifestyle, the respondents in the postoperative period, whether there were any changes. Some positive changes occurred in eating and there were some changes in doing physical activity. The third stage was carried out six months after surgery, again in order to detect changes in lifestyle. Minor changes came in smoking habits, the issue of diet and physical aktivity. Questions were also focused on the psychological level. We found out who helped patients and what was most motivating in implementing changes. In the conclusion/summing up question the patients marked themselves ow they managed to make a change. Conclusion: The number of patients with peripheral arterial disease and other cardiovascular diseases is increasing. The basis is the start to modify risk factors, namely tobacco use,dietary habits, physical activity. The medical staff members participate on changes in patients´ lifestyle by appropriate education. The problem occurs when the patient despite the support of close people can not cope to carry a twist in their life. There should a medical staff member offer a professional help to deal with this important step. Practical use: The aim is to draw attention to the expansion of education about lifestyle changes for patients diagnosed with PAD also in the postoperative period. Patients who are released to home care should receive enough information that would convince them to change their attitude towards their health, and that surgery is only one of the ways to prevent further attacks and complications. Results can improve communication with patients and focus on increasing their awareness and possibly offer assistance.
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Evaluation of selected properties of mineral fibers-based board, including the design of suitable purposes of its application
Sýkora, Radim ; Böhm, Martin (advisor) ; Múčka, Martin (referee)
This thesis evaluates properties of board based on mineral fibers. In first part of the thesis is conducted analysis of the literature, where are described materials based on basalt fibers. Here is also explained production of basalt fiber and its practical applications. Sandwich materials and materials with great fire resistance based on wood are also looked into. Following part describes options of aplication of materials with great fire resistance and mechanical a physical properties of materials based on wood.
Second part of the thesis lays out methodical approach to individual performed mechanical and physical tests. Characteristic of examined material is included. The last part deals with test results, comparing results with other selected materials, debating results and proposing possible applications of examined basalt board. With use of found data is evaluated suitability of the material for use for construction of sandwich panel.
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An impact of organic farming on soil quality
Matěchová, Martina ; Jakšík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Janků, Jaroslava (referee)
This work focuses on the system of organic agriculture and its impact on soil quality. It compares organic farming system with conventional. Both these systems are briefly described. There is also a list of soil quality indicators used for the soil quality is evaluation. The results of scientific studies, which dealt with different farming systems and their effects on soil properties, were discussed and evaluated.
Quality and fertile soil is crucial for production systems, however to define what means quality soil is very difficult. Therefore the number of quality indicators were established. The indicators can be grouped by their nature of soil properties they assess, such as physical, chemical and biological. Different techniques are adopted for soil quality evaluation.
Soil quality is affected by a lot of different factors. Anthropogenic activities are often considered as one of the most influential factor. The loss of soil fertility as well as other physical, chemical or biological deterioration of soil properties is called soil degradation.
The results of this study shown that careful tillage in organic farming could have positive effect or no effect on the biological and physical properties of soils. For some experiments there was an increased amount of soil organisms.
In the most experiments, application of organic fertilizers caused increase of organic matter and other essential nutrients. We conclude that under certain conditions with respect for the principles of organic farming the soil quality can be preserved or even improved, but in a longer timeframe.
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Influence of common eland (Taurotragus oryx) meat composition on its further technological processing
Kolbábek, Petr ; Lukešová, Daniela (advisor)
This dissertation has been proposed as a part of long-time wide research conducted on farmed elands (Taurotragus oryx) at university farm at Lány. This thesis is planned to be closely connected with the study of influence of the nutrition and diet to the growth and meat composition and quality. Eland meat is traditionally considered as tasty and nutritionally valuable, but in fact the knowledge on the eland meat composition and technological processing potential is limited. The research will be focused on the analyses of physical and chemical properties of meat with emphasis on the influence of the diet and age of animals on the meat. Next part of the work will be to experimentally produce meat products (e.g. pâté, fermented salami) and evaluate theirs physical, chemical and organoleptic properties. The most of the analysis are planned in cooperation with Department of agriculture products quality on Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources.
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