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Convexity in stochastic programming model with indicators of ecological stability
Houda, Michal
We develop an optimization model dealing with construction expenses that are prescribed as a result of the EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) process. The process is an obligatory part of every large construction project and evaluates possible influences of the project to the environment, including population health, natural and other socio-economic aspects; the result of the process is a set of recommendation and arrangements the construction must meet. Our optimization model incorporates uncertainties in model parameters; we represent them through their probabilistic distribution. Furthermore, to overcome a problem with quantifying subjective utility function of ecological impacts, we measure them by so-called indicators of ecological stability. The resulting problem is stochastic programming problem formulated as (C)VaR model used traditionally in finance area. In our contribution we deal with convexity properties of this problem – these are especially important from the theoretical as well as from the computational point of view.
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The pharmacotherapy during pregnancy
Rolcová, Daniela ; Melicharová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Pourová, Jana (referee)
Prescribing medicaments to pregnant women is a question that is often arising at the doctor's and consequently in the pharmacy. The doctor and pharmacist are considering the suitability, non - effensireness and safety of the medikament, taking into account the health of the mother and, mainly, the age and development status of the child. The necessity of the pharmaceutherapy during pregnancy is becoming more common. It's caused by many factors, which mainly include increasing age of the mothers and the number of chronical diseases that Theky are bringing ito the pregnancy. The number of pregnancies that are more or less risky is increasing. From pharmaceutherapy point of riew is pregnancy the time, hen it is essential to consider possible damage of the foetus, endangering the pregnancy or health of the newborn, hen prescribing any medication. The consequences of microb's infestions or some other illness in the mother's organism, are often more dangerous for the foetus than the medicaments that are carefully indicated and used according to prescription.
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Biomarkers in Myocardial Damage Diagnostics
KOPŘIVOVÁ, Olga
Anotace (abstract) Biomarkers diagnosing myocardial damages have recently been a very dynamically developing part of clinical biochemistry. Implementing of new biomarkers is very prompt; they are mostly implemented into practice without wider clinical and analytical experience. During a few years these are new methods to determine myoglobin, troponins (cTnI, cTnT), CK-MB mass, BNP etc. The effort of clinical biochemists and cardiologists is to cover all phases and levels of myocardial damage in acute coronary syndromes by means of cardio markers. These investigations are dramatically changing the view of diagnosis, determination of prognosis and therapy in acute coronary syndromes. In my thesis I covered retrospective data analysis in patients with the pain in the chest, presented at an inpatient clinic. The value of myocardial damage indicators and their dynamism was analysed from the definitive diagnosis point of view. I performed my own analysis at OKB Nemocnice Písek, a.s. (Hospital Písek, Inc.). The aim of my thesis was to cover the significance of particular myocardial damage markers and find out if investigated set of markers is sufficient for correct and prompt diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. In terms of this thesis I tried to find out if the panel of cardiac markers contains excess values. In OKB Písek, a.s. the panel of myocardial damage markers includes: myoglobin, troponin I, CK-MB mass and the marker of heart failure BNP. In the samples of fifty-six patients I analysed the presence of the above mentioned markers of myocardial damage and heart failure. I examined only the markers which were determined by a physician. In the group of investigated patients with chest pain, measured values of troponins proved myocardial infarction in sixteen patients, values of CK-MB mass in sixteen patients and values of myoglobin in twelve patients. In the control group of twenty patients with chest pain the boundary values of troponin I were measured in two patients, without the increase of other myocardial damage markers. High value of troponin I was measured in two patients in non-ischemic myocardial damage (acute pericarditis), which agrees with data in scientific literature. The thesis shows that the level of troponin I reflects myocardial damage relatively accurately; troponin I is sufficiently cardio specific but is not a sufficiently early marker. For early management of acute myocardial infection it is important to determine myoglobin, which is detectable within two hours since the beginning of troubles but is not sufficiently cardio specific. The course of CK-MB mass elevation wave copies the course of troponin I elevation wave. That is why the investigation of this marker appears to be excessivet at current investigation of troponin I and myoglobin to prove myocardial damage, which is in agreement with scientific association recommendations.
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Socio-economic analysis of administrative districts of Prague
Budíková, Lucie ; Kubátová, Taťána (advisor) ; Damborský, Milan (referee)
Socio-economic analysis of administrative districts of Prague, namely Prague 1-22, is carried out by MasterCard method, an aggregate index, created from defined indicators of social and economic areas. Indicators are given a specific weight. The aim of the analysis and of the whole work is to find out which administrative districts of the capital Prague benefit from the biggest socio-economic development, which is because of availability and comparability of data analyzed for the years 2008 and 2012.
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Territorial polarity of socio-economic differentiation in Czechia
SUCHÁNEK, Jonáš
This bachelor thesis focuses on the territorial polarization of socio-economic differentiation in Czechia, which is determined by a spatial analysis of previously selected indicators, such as gross domestic product, unemployment rate or religiosity. These indicators are analysed, studied and divided into three individual groups (economic, social and other), differentiated by their own attributes. The main goal is to identify and define determinants and causalities, that made the formation of a certain territoral polarization possible. After a thorough syntesis, all regions are seperated into either a more developed or less developed section.
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Evaluation of knowledge about primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases among students from selected four-year grammar schools in České Budějovice.
JOZOVÁ, Lucie
The title of my bachelor degree thesis is: Evaluation of knowledge about primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases among students from selected four-year grammar schools in České Budějovice. As indicated by the title, my objective was to find out what information the students have about the issue of sexually transmitted diseases and how they protect themselves against such infections. In the theoretical part of my thesis I dealt with the current occurence of veneral diseases, their classification, legislative measures and detailed descriptions of the individual diseases. The research part of my thesis is based on an anonymous questionnaire. I have used 178 questionnaires dully filled out by students in the first and second years of four-year grammar schools. I formulated two hypotheses. The first hypothesis assumes that students get the information about the issue most frequently from media. This hypothesis has been confirmed and it demonstrates a long-term trend of an ever increasing influence of media on the young population. The second hypothesis assumes that the health education provided at schools in this field is seen by students as insufficient. This hypothesis has not been confirmed because only 35,4 % of the students evaluated the education as insufficient ( or as none at all). The result have shown that the students are not indifferent to the issue of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), however in certain areas their awareness should be increased to a necessary level. This thesis may be used for teaching purposes and its results may be used by the schools involved in the questionnaire survey as a basis for sexual education and programs of primary prevention to increase the knowledge about the issue among the students and to motivate them to a better approach to their health protection against sexually transmitted diseases.
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Economic Security: Modern Transformation Processes and Their Impact on Society (Case of Russia)
Tarasov, Vadim ; Campbell, Jan (advisor) ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (referee)
The modern globalizing world is being shaped by transformational processes that permeate through all the spheres of society life. The struggle for limited resources have never been removed from the agenda of the leading economic powers. At the same time, their methods have been taking a different shape: the times of military confrontations have yielded to the era informational, geopolitical and geoeconomic wars. These phenomena determine the trends of world economy development and actualize the problem of protecting national economic interests. This study was conducted in order to analyze modern transformational processes and strategic mechanisms of providing national economic security aimed at sustainable development of society. It was shown that the processes occurring in society should be analyzed through a "civilizational prism". From that perspective culture is seen as the holding element of the informational matrix, representing a medium through which a society can be governed. The paper reconsiders the idea of economic security from conceptual viewpoint, based on reproduction approach, theory of conflicts management and modeling methods of game theory. Besides, in order to achieve compatibility of various economic security indicators, novel mathematical models were used, allowing for a comprehensive analysis. The results of applying the mathematical models in regard to the economic security of Russia demonstrated, that despite some particular positive shifts (mainly in financial sphere), the country is still facing many internal and external threats. A new Russian strategy of long-term socio-economic development is intended to improve the situation. It is aimed to solve three crucial problems, which are the creation of equal opportunities for people, encouraging innovative behavior and a considerable enhancement of economy efficiency.
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The Role of Imaging in Surgical Inflammatory Complications
KOPRDOVÁ, Eliška
The Role of Imaging in Surgical Inflammatory Complications Interventional radiology is a dynamic and fast developing specialization. Development of new methods and instruments extends possibilities of mini-invasive treatment of a wide range of illnesses. Introduction of a specific percutaneous drain in case of abdominal abscess in clinical practice counts among most important progress of 1980s concerning this field. The percutaneous drain is relatively fast and simple method and it belongs to urgent interventional operations. Indication for the percutaneous drain is a treatment or a palliative treatment of sepsis accompanied by an infected lesion. Most authors agree that there is no absolute contraindication of the percutaneous drain for pathological liquid collection. Therefore, this type of drain may be considered as a method selection. It is possible to execute it even before a possible surgical operation. The goal of my work was to assess retrospectively the experience of the Radiological Department of the Teaching Hospital in Plzeň Bory concerning this field within the selected period of time. For this reason, a single-purpose database has been created, which contains data of patients who underwent the percutaneous drain under the supervision of the CT or UZ within a certain period of time. Such data has been processed statistically. The work did not prove any of the hypotheses of mine that interventional techniques may in all cases substitute surgical operation while treating suppurative inflammatory lesions in the area of chest, abdomen and soft tissues. The percutaneous drain brings unquestionable advantages into clinical practice. Among most important ones, there are a removal of a surgical operation risk and of total anaesthesia, above all in the acute phase of illness. Simplification of post-operative care, shortening of the average hospitalization as well as economic advantages. This concerns a method that should always be considered as the first step among possible treatments of infected lesion.
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Problems with the dismission of patients in a vegetative state to home care
VRÁNOVÁ, Magdaléna
The aim of this thesis is to inform in detail about the latest clinical and nursing practice trends concerning the needs of patients in vegetative state and their carers. It also deals with relations in the system of long-term nursing care, providing medical and social services and rehabilitation. It also tries to point out the most pressing problems of the current situation of patients in vegetative state and their families, especially in terms of patient discharge to home care and availability of services specified for this target group. The latest findings and proven methods will be summarized in a simple and understandable form, which will serve as a guide both for health professionals and caregivers.For this thesis the Review and synthesis method will be used. The overview of current knowledge and studies in the field of care for patients in vegetative state will be synthesized and focused on home care with recommendations for practice and indications of weak spots.Long-term follow-up nursing and rehabilitative care is necessary for these patients. A special chapter is focused on the specific needs of patients in vegetative state and appropriate nursing care, rehabilitation and release issues. The fundamental part is the consistency of formal and informal care, caregiver preparation for their future role and related socio-economic issues. In conclusion the legal and ethical aspects of the whole field are mentioned regarding medical and nursing care of patients in vegetative state.In line with the objective of this thesis a manual will be created for potential informal carers on how to care for their loved ones, where to go in the case of emergency and what steps to take during the intermediate stage of institutional and home care. The results can be used for further exploration and as an additional source of information for health professionals.
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Socio-economic aspects of marginal regions
ŠPAČKOVÁ, Michaela
The aim of this thesis is to define the socio-economic aspects of marginal regions in the Czech Republic. This thesis deals causes of marginal regions and socio-economic indicators, development of marginal regions, integration of marginal regions and their subsequent comparison. In this work are described and evaluated socio-economic indicators solved marginal area. After thesis explains the basic concepts of this issue and socio-economic indicators used in the practical part. The work also deals with the characteristics and problems of peripherals and their development potential. In the end of this thesis is the complete analysis of socio - economic development of marginal areas for the past 10 years, and application development programs or proposals and selected areas compared with developed regions. The result of thesis is the analysis of selected marginal regions, which indicates the strong and weak points of these regions and their opportunities and threats.
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