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Nursing process and its significance to seniors according the perspective of retirement home nurses
FRÜHAUFOVÁ, Hana
Modern nursing care is characterized by seeking, planning and satisfying needs of a healthy or an ill person. All this is performed by means of the nursing care process. The nursing care process is considered the basic scientific method of advanced nursing care leading to solution of problems. It has already become an inherent form of individual care planning. Thanks to the nursing care process a nurse has a holistic view of a patient and is able to provide quality care. Nursing care is provided in compliance with the nursing care process principles with regard to the specifics of geriatric care in senior homes. A senior home nurse takes into consideration the specifics of the individual phases of nursing care process in seniors. Senior homes provide residential services to people with lower self-sufficiency particularly caused by higher age and to those who need regular care in the field of self-sufficiency and personal care. Unfavourable social situation does not allow these people to live in their domestic environment. Complex care provided in senior homes substitutes for domestic environment. Seniors are also given health care provided by general nurses. The aim of the thesis was to examine nursing care process application in a senior home and the importance of the nursing care process from the point of view of senior home nurses. The following research questions were set: Which nursing care process phases are applied by nurses taking care about seniors in the senior home? How do senior home nurses feel the importance of nursing care process? Qualitative research by means of in-depth interview and questioning of nurses in a selected senior home in South Bohemia was chosen for collection of necessary information. The interviews were recorded and subsequently literally transcribed. The transcribed interviews were deeply analyzed by means of paper and pencil method by open coding. Four categories were created from the data analysis: Nursing care process, Nursing care process in practice, Nursing care process phases and Compilation of nursing care diagnosis and maintenance of nursing care documentation. Subcategories, where the core data are coded, are assigned to the individual categories, everything is illustrated by clear diagrams of the individual categories. The research shows that nurses have general knowledge of nursing care process. They were able to define nursing care process, to name its phases and to express their attitude to this method. They actively apply the process, but they say it is demanding for them from time and administration point of view. The fact that the knowledge of nursing care diagnosis is very poor among nurses is surprising. With regard to the limited awareness of nursing care diagnoses I propose a seminar explaining this issue.
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Nursing care of the patients with chronic pancreatitis
SKOŘEPOVÁ, Jana
Chronic pancreatitis is a serious disease, which despite the rapid development of diagnostics and treatment is often diagnosed in late stages. The disease cannot actually be cured, but change of lifestyle and adherence to diet regimen can influence not only the disease course and progression, but also occurrence of complications. This thesis deals with the problems of nursing care of patients with chronic pancreatitis, with the level of awareness of the disease and the regimen measures among patients. It also monitors willingness and ability of respondents to accept the change of lifestyle and diet habits. The goal of the thesis is to find out the specifics of nursing care of clients with chronic pancreatitis. Qualitative research methods were applied in the empiric part of the thesis to achieve the goal.The research was performed in clients with chronic pancreatitis visiting the gastroenterology outpatient department of Tábor Hospital and a group of ten respondents at different stages of the disease were subject to the research. Their selection was conditioned by their willingness to participate in the research and to cooperate. A semi-structured interview was conducted with each respondent. Thorough study of these problems and the results of the research led to a brief and clear information brochure for people suffering from chronic pancreatitis as the output of the activities. This manual should serve as a summary and specification of information, which the patient can read at home without fuss after being educated orally. With regard to the achievements of our work we would like to make this work and its results available to the nursing care public as much as possible. We hope that the results of our work will increase interest in this issue among professionals and will address further workers willing to participate in its solution
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Perioperative nursing care from the perspective of the patient
LHOTSKÁ, Jana
The bachelor's thesis deals with the nursing care which is provided to the patients before, during and after the surgery until discharge to home care. In the research nurses of surgery and their cooperation in the perioperative nursing care are also included. The theoretical part is focused on the issue of the perioperative nursing care, on the preoperative preparation and the postoperative care and how the patient perceives the time just before the surgery when he/she is passed to the operating room. In the theoretical part there is also the task of the nurses included providing the perioperative care and their mutual cooperation. The first aim of the thesis was to find what is the level of continuity of the care in the perioperative time from the perspective of the patient. The other aim of the thesis was to find the cooperation of healthcare workers in the perioperative care. The survey was conducted through the qualitative research, through the method of questioning. The data collection technique were the depth individual interviews with the patients and nurses. The choice of the patients was intentional, the patients had to be after a surgery and already in home care. The choice of the nurses was intentional, too, the surgical nurses had to care for patients after surgeries, the nurse anesthetists had to work in the surgical operating theatres. The results of the survey show that in the preoperative time the patients see the biggest problem in giving lack of information about the postoperative care. In ensuring the intraoperative care the nurse anesthetist introduced herself/himself only to one patient at the first contact. In the postoperative time none of the patients were in contact with the nurse after full awakening, they only had signalling device. Further the interviews with the patients show that no patients were instructed on the first postoperative getting out of bed and further postoperative rehabilitation. Out of the results of interviews with the surgical nurses and nurse anesthetists we find out that the nurse anesthetist participates in the preoperative preparation just on the day of surgery. The problem in the cooperation of the surgical nurses and nurse anesthetists is transmission of the information and documentation during the transfer of the patient from the operating room. In the postoperative rehabilitation the nurse can cooperate with the physiotherapist but only on weekdays. The results of my bachelor's thesis could be submitted to the head nurse of the hospital but especially to the head nurses of the surgical and anestheziology department to have opportunity to agree on better cooperation and communication. Because I work in the surgical postoperative department I suppose then it would be appropriate to consult together possible improvement of providing the nursing care with the colleagues in the department throughout the perioperative period, or to organize seminars focused on the issue of nursing perioperative care. The nurses can only point out that the establishment of a sleep-in room would be a benefit both for patients and for nurses however its establishment is not real. Then my bachelor's thesis could be used as an information resource for nurses working in surgical fields.
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Respecting human dignity in nursing care for patients in long stay hospitals
Řádová, Veronika ; Kutnohorská, Jana (advisor) ; Mareš, Jiří (referee) ; Pečenková, Jaroslava (referee)
88 Synopsis Author: Veronika Řádová Institutions: Charles University in Prague Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Institute of Social Medicine Department of Nursing Title: Respecting human dignity in nursing care for patients in long stay hospitals Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Jana Kutnohorská, CSc. Number of pages: 102 Number of attachments: 3 Year of viva voice: 2010 Keywords: geriatrics, human dignity, respect for the patient, nursing care, nursing ethics The thesis deals with respect for human dignity in nursing care. The human dignity is a fact that becomes increasingly important with the length of human life. The care of geriatric patients has its own characteristics, due to changes, which pass through the body in old age. High demands are placed on the nursing staff not on only technical but also on human and ethical aspects of nursing care. The research tasks deal with specific types of human dignity, as the nursing staff encounters them during their work. The investigation is focused on the quantitative expression of respect for various types of human dignity in nursing practice from the perspective of the nursing staff. During the research, the staffs were also asked questions about the interpersonal response to the undignified behaviour, interviewees using their discretion were supposed to create a...
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The usage of supervision in medical facilities
ZETKOVÁ, Bohumila
There are basic concepts relating to the presented topic, such as supervision and health care institutions, explained in the theoretical part of this master thesis. In its practical part, there are results of the research undertaken by means of a questionnaire survey and amended by two half-standardized interviews in the end. The questionnaires were sent to health care institutions to the regions of Zlin and South Bohemia. Interviews were done with managers of health care institutions, on in the region of Zlin and the other in the region of South Bohemia. The target of research was to find out if supervisions are really provided in health care institutions in the regions of Zlin and South Bohemia. The partial target of research was to map occurrence of supervision used individual types of health care institutions (in the two mentioned region of Czech Republic). There are two hypotheses stated in the thesis. Hypothesis no. 1 is determined in the following way: ?Supervision is more often used in the region of Zlin than in the region of South Bohemia?. Hypothesis no. 2 is: ?Supervision is more often is ordered by a manager and regarded as a duty than prevention of a ?burnout? by nurses. Neither of the hypotheses is proved. I will be very pleased if the thesis provokes a few people at least to think about issues of supervision in health care institutions. Further, the thesis can serve as study material for students studying the field of health services. And last but not least, the thesis could serve as an initial impulse to perform other researches in the field of supervision in health care institutions in other regions.
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Nursing care for woman at minor gynecological surgeries
KÁPLOVÁ, Veronika
Minor gynecological surgeries are defined as surgeries after which the patients are dismissed from hospital to home care within 12 to 24 hours. The purpose of pre-surgery care provided by a midwife is to ensure thorough somatic and mental preparation of the patient for the surgery. The patient is required to sign all necessary consents with the surgery, she shall be informed about the course of pre-surgery care, the surgery itself, post-surgery recovery and naturally also about all risks involved. The result of a consistent instruction provided by a midwife shall be a patient who is calm and mentally prepared for the surgery (Henková, 2010; Repková, 2006). The bachelor thesis includes a theoretical part and a practical part with research. The theoretical part focuses on minor gynecological surgeries and nursing care before and after the surgery. The objective of the bachelor thesis was to survey the level of awareness among women about minor gynecological surgeries. Two research questions were formulated to meet the objective: what the level of awareness about minor gynecological surgeries is among women and which method of information provision would be appreciated by women. The research part of the bachelor thesis employed the method of qualitative survey. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. The surveyed set of respondents consisted of 8 women. The interviews were conducted from the beginning of February to the end of March 2014. The survey was expected to provide information about whether the women had been sufficiently informed about minor gynecological surgeries. For the category of pre-surgery period we investigated the following: What is the experience of women with previous nursing care? To what extent were the women informed by their local gynecologists and were they sufficiently informed in the hospital before the surgery? The results have shown that most of the respondents did not have any previous experience with nursing care. Two respondents said that they had previously undergone a minor surgery and that they were content with the nursing care. Results of the survey have shown some gaps in the form and quantity of information provided in medical offices of the local gynecologists. One half of the respondents were not content with the information provided in the medical offices. The information provided in the hospital before the surgery was assessed positively by five respondents out of eight and they appreciated particularly the personal and accommodating approach, professional conduct and empathy. For the category of post-surgery period we investigated how the respondents saw the approach of the nursing staff in the operating room. The results have shown that the respondents evaluated positively particularly the fact that the physician introduced himself/herself to the patient and provided information about the subsequent care. For the category of post-surgery care we also investigated subjective feelings of the respondents after the surgery, their awareness of the post-surgery regime at home and the form of information provision. Results of the research suggest that patients are highly perceptive, particularly when it comes to friendly gestures and words. The information about the home post-surgery regime was rated positively by one half of the respondents and negatively by the other half. On the other hand, they appreciated the personal and accommodating approach and professional conduct. Most of the respondents were content with the form of information provision. Some of them would have appreciated to have a leaflet or information brochure containing all important information. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis can be as used as a study material for future students of midwifery at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the University of South Bohemia.
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The Role of a Nurse in Care of a Patient with Mononucleosis
LAŽANSKÁ, Soňa
Theoretical background Infectious mononucleosis belongs to relatively widespread viral infectious diseases in the Czech Republic. Epstein-Baar virus (EBV) participates in occurrence of the infection by 80 %, infectious mononucleosis may more rarely be caused by cytomegalovirus. Each individual factually suffers from infection caused by EBV during his/her life, however its course is unapparent in most cases. An affected individual or an individual not affected, who is a virus carrier may be considered the source of the infection. Infectious mononucleosis usually affects children and teenagers, in older individuals the infection is quite rare. The disease might start rapidly or gradually with prodromes like headache, sore throat, nausea, fatigue and perspiration. Infectious mononucleosis is often confused with other diseases like e.g. tonsillitis, or more serious progress of flue, particularly for the symptoms accompanying the disease. Fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are the most frequent symptoms. The disease may also cause numerous unpleasant complications, particularly hematologic, neurologic, cardio-pulmonary and autoimmunity complications. A nurse plays a very substantial role in client care. It is very important for a nurse to have sufficient knowledge and to know the right procedure of all interventions he/she meets within diagnostics and treatment of infectious mononucleosis. These are particularly biological material collection, per os administration or intravenous administration of medicines. A nurse should also be familiar with the Priessnitz compress application technique. In non-self-sufficient clients a nurse is also responsible for client's hygiene. A nurse has an important role in client education providing information on dietetic measures. A nurse has to lead a client to adherence to the prescribed diet and body calm. Everything depends on client's current condition. A client should also avoid mental strain during convalescence. We should note that not all forms of infectious mononucleosis require hospitalization. The aim of the thesis The aim of the thesis was to find out the role of nurses in the care of patients with infectious mononucleosis and also to find how satisfied patients with the nursing care and education are after going through mononucleosis. This was why the following research questions were chosen: What is the role of a nurse in care of a patient with mononucleosis? How satisfied are patients with the nursing care after going through mononucleosis? How satisfied are patients with education in diet regime adherence after going through mononucleosis? Applied Methods Qualitative research was chosen for finding out the required information. The information was gained by means of deep interviews with nurses working at the infectious department of České Budějovice Hospital and with clients after going through infectious mononucleosis. All the interviews were recorded on a voice recorder and then transcribed. The transcribed interviews were subject to detailed analysis by the paper and pencil method with open coding. Results Six categories were set upon analysis of the interviews with nurses: Awareness of the infectious mononucleosis disease among nurses, Nursing care of a client with infectious mononucleosis, Regime measures, Information on dietetic measures, Recommendations after infectious mononucleosis and Education of a client with infectious mononucleosis. Five categories were set upon detailed analysis of the interviews with the clients: Recommended treatment, Nursing care, Recommended measures, Methods of information communication and Information sources for clients. Subcategories, in which the key data are coded, are assigned to the individual categories.
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Psychic and physical factors in a nurse profession at home care
IMRAMOVSKÁ, Simona
Homecare is given to people in their natural social environment. It is aimed mainly toward sustaining and supporting health, restoring health and improving possibility of self-care, giving palliative care to incurably ill patients and enabling peaceful dying and death. For the nurses to be able to give quality nursing care they need to be in psychic and physical balance. It is important for the nurses to be aware of the consequences of such imbalance and also of the way it influences the quality of their work especially when handling difficult situations (Misconiová; 1995; Paragraph nr. 96/2004 Col.; Komačeková, 2009). First aim was to map psychic and physical factors influencing the work of a homecare nurse. Second aim was to find differences in psychic and physical factors in the profession of nurses working in homecare and in hospital. This study is based on qualitative research using questioning through in-depth interview. Research was conducted in the beginning of February 2014. Methods of direct transcription and open coding were used for data analysis. Two questionnaires were added to the original research examining Psychic stress and Physical activity according to Baecke, evaluating the amount of psychic and physical stress at work respectively. The research group consisted of 6 nurses aged between 33-55 working for homecare agencies in the south bohemian region. Written agreements were obtained from the nurses prior to them being interviewed or be given the questionnaires. Five categories were identified from the analysed interviews: psychic stress, physical stress, handling of stress, consequences of stress and the differences found regarding psychic and physical factors observed in homecare versus hospital environments. Results obtained from the questionnaire estimating Psychic stress show average value at 3.5 which can be regarded as borderline between decreased and increased risk. The analysis of Physical stress questionnaire gave the average of 3.1 corresponding to medium load. Regarding the first aim of this work the results of the questionnaires and interview are showing greater psychic stress felt by the nurses in homecare environment as compared to physical load. The second aim comparing homecare and hospital environments shows less psychic than physical stress in homecare than in hospital environments. Practical output of this bachelor thesis will be a written recommendation for nurses working in homecare aimed toward improvement of their psychic and physical health in connection to their working experience.
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Children attachment to adult care providers in children homes - analysis of conditions and possibilities
Esterková, Manuela ; Matoušek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Pazlarová, Hana (referee)
The thesis tries to find the answer to the basic question: "What are the possible ways to strengthen attachment between children at the age from 9 to 18 months and their caregivers at the facilities of institutional care, nurses in particular?" The work also aspires to map the external conditions influencing formation of the attachment. In order to explain the topic, some theoretical findings of developmental psychology, attachment theory and information about the system of institutional care in the Czech Republic have been presented here. The answers concerning the strongest factors of attachment behavior and different attachment of one child to various caregivers and vice versa were being sought with the help of the method of an involved observation of the interaction child-caregiver during specific activities of feeding and bathing. Pieces of information about external influences of the attachment behavior and the possibilities to nurture it were being gathered by the method of semi-structural interview with the caregivers and the directors of the visited institutions. The activities of feeding and bathing, which were being observed, have been split into individual elements of attachment behavior (on the side of a child: visual attention, vocal reactions, smile and stretching arms towards the caregiver;...
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