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Sovereign country rating
Németh, Márian ; Jílek, Josef (advisor) ; Halás, Vladimír (referee)
Sovereign rating has become a topic of major concern for the international financial community over the last two decades. This paper models ratings as combination of two factors ? hard and soft factors. Economical factors are the hard factors whit there statistical background. The political factors are the soft ones. It is very disturbing that the soft factors are playing a major roll in the rating agencies analysis. I found out that there isn?t any problems with the economical factors in the sovereign rating process, but in the case of political factors there are some major problems. Questionnaires and subjective answers in them may cause a falls sovereign rating process result. The cooperation between the regulative organs and the rating agencies may result in the future the losing of creditability for the sovereign country rating. Another concern is the lack of competition on the rating market with only two global rating agencies occupying 80 % of the entire market. These fakts are calling for a change in the sovereign rating markets.
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Influence of Geometrical Parameters on Rupture Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Zemánek, Miroslav ; Janíček, Přemysl (referee) ; Tonar,, Zbyněk (referee) ; Holeček, Miroslav (referee) ; Burša, Jiří (advisor)
Tato práce je zaměřena na problematiku výpočtového a experimentálního modelování deformačně napjatostních stavů měkkých tkání se zaměřením na riziko ruptury u výdutě břišní aorty (AAA). V první části (kap. 1) je stručně nastíněn současný stav dané problematiky. Tato část shrnuje důležité poznatky publikované v dostupné literatuře. Pozornost je věnována zejména klíčovým faktorům pro stanovení rizika ruptury AAA. V další kapitole (kap. 2) je stručně popsána histologie cévní stěny a její výsledné mechanické chování, jakož i její patologie, především AAA. Druhá část práce (kap.3) je věnována experimentálnímu vyhodnocování deformačně napjatostního chování měkkých tkání, které je nutným předpokladem k věrohodnému výpočtovému modelování tohoto chování. V této kapitole je stručně popsáno experimentální zařízení speciálně vyvinuté pro testování měkkých tkání a typy zkoušek, které lze na tomto zařízení provádět. Dále jsou shrnuty klíčové faktory ovlivňující deformačně napjatostní chování měkkých tkání a experimentální ověření těchto faktorů na vzorcích z prasečích hrudních aort. V závěru této kapitoly jsou shrnuty nové poznatky vyplývající z experimentálního testování. Třetí část disertační práce (kap.4) je zaměřena na matematický popis deformačně napjatostního chování měkkých tkání, stručný popis používaných konstitutivních vztahu a postup při identifikaci parametrů pro tyto konstitutivní modely určované na základě provedených experimentálních zkoušek. Poslední část disertační práce (kap.5) je věnována výpočtovému modelování deformačně napjatostního chování AAA. V této kapitole jsou nejdříve shrnuty klíčové faktory a předpoklady pro vytváření modelů a pro vyhodnocování výsledku a dále jsou uvedeny materiálové parametry pro konstitutivní modely implementované do programu ANSYS. Byly provedeny testovací výpočty při použití hypotetické zjednodušené geometrie AAA, na kterých byly vyhodnoceny vlivy změny geometrie a vliv změny konsitutivního modelu na extrémní napětí ve stěně AAA. U reálné geometrie AAA byla navržena a otestována metoda výpočtu nezatížené geometrie z reálných CT snímků. Dále byl testován vliv zvýšení vnitřního tlaku jako rizika ruptury AAA. V závěru práce jsou shrnuty poznatky a možnosti výpočtového modelování a návrhy na další práce.
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The relationship between Intelligence and Working Memory, and between Working Memory and Transitive Inference
Čeplová, Zuzana ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Uhlář, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with the relationship between Working Memory, Working Memory Span tasks and general factor g and Broad cognitive abilities. In addition the relationship between Working Memory and Transitive Inference is investigated. Measured constructs are introduced in the theoretical part, with their evolution, various methods of their measurement and studies investigating the relation between them. The empirical part of the research has been conducted to verify the relationship between Working Memory and general intelligence factor g. It has been done to reveal the relationship between Working Memory Span tasks and Broad cognitive abilities as well. The relationship between visuo-spatial Working Memory and Transitive Inference has also been researched. The question concerning the influence of the use of strategy while performing the automatic version of Working Memory Span tasks has been investigated as well.
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Plasma spraying from liquids: plasma liquid interaction and coating build up
Tesař, Tomáš ; Mušálek, Radek ; Medřický, Jan ; Lukáč, František
Plasma spraying from liquid feedstocks is a rapidly developing field of thermal spraying since the coatings prepared from liquids exhibit some unique features, such as high hardness, thermal shock resistance or low thermal and electric conductivity. The key factor influencing the final coating character and properties is the input material which may be in the form of a suspension or a solution. Parameters of the selected suspension (solids concentration, viscosity, surface tension, chemical composition, etc.) or solution (concentration, etc.) determine its interaction with the plasma jet which strongly influences the coating buildup. This proceeding introduces the problematics of the interaction between the liquid feedstock material with the plasma jet and presents the way of evaluation of the coating buildup.
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Freezing technology of bull sperm in relation to its survivability and fertilization ability
Doležalová, Martina ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
The aim of optimalization the insemination doses production is to provide the highest fertilization ability of spermatozoa during the demanding proces of processing fresh semen and its subsequent cryopreservation. Temperature changes causes spermatozoa damage during the cooling and freezing. Spermatozoa is exposed to cold shock and many others limiting factors, which leads to cell death and therefore to decline of fertilization ability of thawed insemination doses. For increasing spermatozoa resistance, exactly the plasma membrane resistance against cold shock was fraction of egg yolk LDL cholesterol (low density lipoprotein) at various concentrations into the comercially produced diluents added. It is believed that LDL acts possitively to plasma membrane and helps to maintain the fertilization ability of spermatozoa after thawing. Following step in the proces of insemination doses production is slow cooling of diluted semen and equilibration, when the straws are store at cooling box for 30 minutes to 240 hours. This period is necessary to penetrate of certain diluent components into the spermatazoa also maintain the balance between their intracellular and extracellular concentration. Also important is subsequent freezing temperature gradient of insemination doses. The most suitable freezing method is based on computer controlled temperature decline in freezing chamber which allows the precise control of ice crystals formation that could tear and kill the cell.
During 2012 to 2016 was repeatedly collected semen from the group of breeding bulls (n = 27, Holstein and Czech Fleckvieh breed) at AI centre. Semen which fulfill the standard entrance conditions in first step was evenly into several parts divided. For dilution the three types of comercially diluents AndroMed, Bioxcell and Triladyl with and without LDL addition were used. Into the diluents AndroMed and Bioxcell the concentration of LDL 4 %, 6 % and 8% into the dilent Triladyl 6 %, 8 % and 10 % was added. Diluted semen was filled into the glass capillares with volume 0,1 ml and temperature +4 °C. Subsequently the sample was placed to cold bath (0°C) for 10 minutes. Then the volume of capillare with physiological solution (37 °C) was mixed and for next 120 minutes was incubate. The effect of cold shock to proportion of live spermatozoa was evaluated by using Eosin and Nigrosine staining technique during heat test of spermatozoa survivability after spermatozoa heating and after 120 minutes of incubation.
The more suitable semen diluents which provide the higher spermatozoa resistance against cold shock were AndroMed and Bioxcell. Together the possitive effect of LDL addition into the diluents to lower decrease of proportion of live spermatozoa during heat test was found (P<0.05). The most suitable LDL concentration which had a favorable influence at spermatozoa resistance against cold shock was 6 % in diluent Bioxcell. Values of the proportion of live sperm were higher at the beginning of the heat test (+1.31% to + 3.2%) and after 120 minute incubation (+5.82% to +8.41%) compared to other diluents with and without addition of LDL.
In the next step the process of equilibration was optimized, is an important part of insemination doses production. The effect of the length of equilibration for subsequent fertilization ability of spermatozoa was evaluated using spermatozoa motility based of CASA and proportion of live spermatozoa after thawing and during heat survival test lasting 120 minutes (37 ° C). Suitable semen was diluted by comercially used diluent AndroMed based on soya lecithin, filled into the straws (0.25 ml), cooled and equilibrated in cooling box for 30, 120 and 240 minutes and freezed in programmable freezing box applying four types of freezing curves differing in temperature rate decline. There was used standard and by producer recommended 3. phase freezing curve, then 2. phase freezing curve, and 3. phase freezing curve with slower as well as rapid decline of temperature rate in freezing chamber, compared with standard freezing curve. The highest spermatozoa motility was found using 240 minutes of equilibration by +2.72% and +4.58% compared to other lengths of equilibration (P <0.05 to 0.01). The highest proportion of live spermatozoa was found using 120 minutes of equilibration (+6.87 % and +8.68 %). The highest average spermatozoa motility during heat test after thawing was achieved by using 2. phase freezing curve (from +2.97% to +10.37%, P <0.05), also in the proportion of live spermatozoa (from + 4.37% to +8.82%, P <0.01). When evaluating interaction between the length of equilibration and freezing curve (standard 3. phase and 2 . phase freezing curve), the highest average spermatozoa motility and proportion of live spermatozoa using 240 minutes of equilibration by both freezing curves was reached, there was no statistically significant differences. As well as, in all evaluated parts of this study the individual differences between ejaculate of bulls and within semen from one bull (P <0.05) as secondary effect were found.
To maintain good fertilization ability of semen during cryopreservation is necessary to increase the spermatozoa resistance against cold shock using addition of correct concentration of LDL into the commercially used diluents AndroMed and Bioxcell. Subsequently the fertilization ability of insemination dose is influenced by cooling, the length of equilibration and freezing. The length of equilibration 120 minutes and more as well as gentle way of freezing according to freezing curve, which ensures a gradual decrease of temperature in freezing chamber provided the higher average spermatozoa motility and proportion of live spermatozoa.
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Mathematical model of defect frequency on selected stations of engine assembly line
Ministr, Martin ; Tlášek, Karel (referee) ; Maroš, Bohumil (advisor)
The quality and the defectiveness of production are important factors in all sectors of engineering industry. On their improve there are a lot of effective tools, descriptive statistics is one of them. Descriptive statistic has many applicable tools but this work primarily focuses on desription of production using time series plot, testing of statistical hypothesis, testing of mutual dependencies of particular defects and control diagrams drawing. It is about a project that connects practice with theory.
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Analysis of success factors of the crowfunding campaign in IT field
Skramuský, Michal ; Vencovský, Filip (advisor) ; Šperková, Lucie (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with crowdfunding success factors in IT. The aim of this work is to find these factors and their verification. The theoretical part describes crowdfunding as a whole and a website Kickstarter, which is dedicated to running crowdfunding campaigns. There are explained the key concepts of Kickstarter, described the history and rules. This section also explains who can use services of Kickstarter. Furthermore, this chapter describes why gaming industry was chosen specifically for this analysis and what its importance in crowdfunding is. Next part is devoted to foreign and Czech alternatives to Kickstarter. In the next section there are designed possible success factors and how they can be verified. This part describes a statistical method to test these factors. In the practical part there was made analytical evaluation of successful and unsuccessful campaigns. Then statistical test are performed to determinate factors depending on the success of the campaign. Objective of analytical evaluation of the tests was to determine the success factors. As the most important success factor was found to be a large degree of activity on social networks.
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Summary of foreign knowledge about the origin and development of EDZ in crystalline rocks - research
Vavro, Martin ; Souček, Kamil ; Staš, Lubomír ; Vavro, Leona
Presented search summarizes findings of foreign research oriented on the origin and evolution of the excavation damaged zone in crystalline rocks with a particular focus on the essential results of experimental projects which were performed in Canada, Sweden, Finland, and Switzerland. The study is divided, excluding the introduction, into seven main chapters of the text, which gradually deal with: (1) definition of key terms, (2) overview of the main underground research laboratories in the world where EDZ assessment was conducted, (3) methods suitable for EDZ description and characterization, (4) main factors influencing the origin of failure around the excavations and time-dependent evolution of EDZ. An overview of important outcomes of EDZ experiments, focusing on the European hard rock laboratories (Stripa, Äspö, Onkalo/Olkiluoto and Grimsel), and their summary are presented in the final two chapters.\nThe review summarizing the published key findings and results of in situ experiments shows, that for rock in lower stress state, i.e. in no spalling environment, the extent and character of rock mass damage is typically dependent on the excavation method. Using mechanical excavation, rock damage zone with thickness less than 3 centimeters can be originated. The microcracks within this zone contribute to the increase of hydraulic conductivity of the rock mass. At some test sites (Äspö, Grimsel), where the tunnel boring machine technology was used, the damage zone was already detected in depth of less than 5 mm.\nOn the contrary, openings excavated by drilling and blasting are characterized by much more extensive damage zones up to several tens of centimeters in width. The damage progressively diminishes with the distance from the opening.
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Automated GUI testing on Android platform
Hudák, Jan ; Doležel, Michal (advisor) ; Neugebauer, Petr (referee)
With the rapid development of the mobile device market there is a growing demand for quality of applications developed for these devices. One of the important factors that may affect the quality of the software is, due to the dynamics of development of this sector, automated testing. Great importance has graphical user interface testing. This thesis focuses on specific techniques for the Android platform, which is currently one of the most widely used mobile platforms. The aim of this thesis is firstly to describe the specific factors of automated testing of mobile applications that arises from the specific features of mobile devices. Another goal of the theoretical part is to describe several possible approaches to automate graphical user interface testing on Android platform. The aim of the practical part is to show the possibilities of selected test tools for concrete examples and compare them according to predetermined criteria.
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Analysis of beer consumption preferences
Fontánová, Klára ; Hlavsa, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jindrová, Andrea (referee)
The main subject of this thesis is analysis of preferences in beer consumption. The main goal of the thesis is to discover and evaluate factor which could affect consumer's behaviour. Therefore, t2he basis for this thesis is a questionnaire which was prepared according to marketing research principles.
The first part is about beer and marketing research. The part about beer contains main historical data, a brief brewing process description, including main ingredients and beer types. Next, there are mentioned main Czech breweries. Inconsiderable part are also factors which affect beer consumption. In the part dealing with the marketing research are described the steps, methods of data collecting ad data resources.
The second part is about the questionnaire itself and its evaluation. The questionnaire had 322 respondents.
Firstly, the results are summarized and then are tested based on null hypothesis.
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