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Cystic fibrosis and Nutrition
PECHOVÁ, Jana
The name of bachelor's thesis is "Cystic fibrosis and nutrition". Cystic fibrosis is hereditary chronic disease. It is dysfunction ducts of chloride in a human organism. The manifestation of cystic fibrosis is large quantities of a mucus in the respiratory and digestive system of patient with this diagnostic. This disease we put in the group of very rare illnesses. The smaller percentage citizens in the Czech Republic have this disease. For the people with cystic fibrosis is priority follow recommended eating habits. Prognosis of this disease is getting better and patients can live full-value life. This thesis dealing with how observe the recommended eating habits and eating regimens. The thesis contains some objectives. First, there is finding out whether children who suffer from cystic fibrosis can all sorts of foodstuffs whether they have special requests for quality and preparation of foodstuffs. The second most important objective is appraisal of diets some sample of people with cystic fibrosis. For objectivity this thesis was chose four respondents in age bracket from three to eighteen years. On the basis of evaluation their week-long diet, questionnaires with their parents and with them and manoeuver a conversation will be to find out whether children observe all principle of recommended eating regimens. In the theoretic part of the thesis are use opinions of experts who are occupying with cystic fibrosis exhaustively. Their experience show how is important to choose right diet and observe correct eating principles and eating regimens. These opinions are use in the practical part. Conclusions from discussion can be used for practical work nutritive therapists who can meet with children with cystic fibrosis.
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Narcolepsy and other seizure disorders
TONDLOVÁ, Andrea
The thesis deals with the issue of seizure disorders from the perspective of special neurology. In terms of content, it is focuses on two major areas. The first part is theoretical in nature and has descriptions of the individual disorders, their clinical manifestations, diagnoses and current treatments. It is focused on the following seizure disorder group with regard to one of the objectives of the work: epilepsy, tetany, Meniere's syndrome, migraine and more specifically narcolepsy. These findings are supplemented with information on current knowledge regarding the treatment and diagnoses of these diseases, which make the lives of thus disables people very difficult and prevent them from leading their lives the way they could if they were in full health. The aim of the work is not just a theoretical description of the currently available knowledge of these diseases from literature, but also a practical confrontation thereof from experiences, which in this case result from the true stories of people suffering from seizure disorders. A specific seizure disorder has been selected for this second part of my thesis, which needs to be talked about more in order to become better known. It is a disorder that is interchangeable with regard to its symptoms, which are similar to other disorders, and it is difficult to diagnose or is only diagnosed after an inconveniently long time - i.e. Narcolepsy . The thesis therefore deals with the issue of narcolepsy in most detail, with regard to the practical focus in the next section, where in addition to aforementioned basic knowledge, the author describes the activities and the importance of sleep laboratories and centres as institutions involved in treatment. In order to penetrate into the issue of this disorder even more deeply, she adds the aforementioned anonymous stories of people affected in this way. This part is also complemented with illustrative images of the sleep laboratory and the stories of these people as a better visual complement of the thesis for the reader. A descriptive analysis (comparison) of each symptom was chosen as a comparative method of the aforementioned thesis objective (to compare the theoretically given symptoms of narcolepsy with the symptoms of individuals suffering from this disease), in which the goal was to choose the common symptoms these people which make their lives difficult and compare these data with information (symptoms of narcolepsy) found in contemporary literature. In conclusion, we visit the most important information from scientific literature, the views of the professional community on the current research and studies on narcolepsy, i.e. the specifically examined causal links of applying the Pandemrix vaccine (against swine flu) and narcolepsy and a summary of the results of other studies investigating the etiology of this disease. The aim of this section is to present the reader with, and identify, the current developments in narcolepsy research. An evaluation of the historical development of interest in sleep disorders and an evaluation of the conclusions drawn by comparing symptoms specified in professional literature on narcolepsy with actual symptoms of people suffering from this disease are also included. The aim is to provide the reader with a bio-psycho-social view of a person with this disease, which is not always emphatically discussed in every piece of professional literature. The result of the entire thesis is a summary of the current state of knowledge of these diseases and a reflection on the research of the current possible causes of narcolepsy. It continues to compare the theoretical background of the narcolepsy disorder with the experience of living with this disease, including stories of selectively chosen individuals suffering from narcolepsy.
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Ability of dogs to discriminate human odor exposed to chemical detergent
Čajágiová, Martina ; Vyplelová, Petra (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
In the recherche part of our thesis we familiarize ourselves with the human odor, theories of its origin, definition, anatomy of human skin and odors, composition of individual human odors and with odor secretion. We also look closer on the topics of odor absorbent and its use in the world, the transmission of odors to odor sensors and securing of scents. This section of our thesis discusses the resistance and survival abilities of odor, scent identification method and its history, organic acids, and defines the application of laundry detergents and ultrasonic washers. Aim of our thesis was to verify the relevance of the use of chemical detergents in the purification process when working with scents. We tried to verify the ability of detergents to degrade the human scent on odor absorbents to such an extent, that specially trained dogs would not be able to identify it. Our experiment was following a precise determination methodology. In the first phase samples were collected from the hands of targeted persons to a scent carrier - a metal cylinder (extirpate odour), by one researcher. In the second phase samples were collected from the body to a textile carrier, by another researcher. The metal scent carriers were processed. Some of them were left as they were (control sample) and some were exposed to chemical detergents with and without usage of an ultrasonic washer.
In the experiment where we tried to identify the odour samples, six bitches of German shepherd were used. They were specially trained for odour identification. Each dog was let three times to identify the target scent exposed to a detergent and three times to identify the target scent not exposed to a detergent. Target smell was randomly deposited between other samples and its position was changed, so that the handler did not know its position and thus was unable to affect the work of his dog. The indicator of positive identification was a sign the dogs were taught - to sit or lay in front of a sample.
Any dog was unable to identify the scent which was exposed to chemical detergent and all dogs identify the scent unexposed to a chemical detergent. Our experiment has shown that the use of chemical detergents in the purification process when working with scents is relevant to the degradation of individual human scent.
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Didactic problem with children from the secular family conditions in religion subject at Primary school
PETRÁŠKOVÁ, Jiřina
In the first chapter there is a description of the family educational and socializational environment, the most important and the most principal factor in forming of the preconditions for good progress of a child. The child experiences the feeling of pleasure, safeness and love here, also the rituals, it obtains the trust and creates itself. The second chapter is all about school with the subjects. The child meets, as a pupil, the religion in the interdisciplinar relations there. The third chapter engages in optional Religious Studies in religion education and it inspects the contents of education with the position of both believing people as well as secular subject of education. The last chapter brings the survey with the perspective to the pupils and their motivations, which take the children from the secular families to Religious Studies.
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An impact of organic farming on soil quality
Matěchová, Martina ; Jakšík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Janků, Jaroslava (referee)
This work focuses on the system of organic agriculture and its impact on soil quality. It compares organic farming system with conventional. Both these systems are briefly described. There is also a list of soil quality indicators used for the soil quality is evaluation. The results of scientific studies, which dealt with different farming systems and their effects on soil properties, were discussed and evaluated.
Quality and fertile soil is crucial for production systems, however to define what means quality soil is very difficult. Therefore the number of quality indicators were established. The indicators can be grouped by their nature of soil properties they assess, such as physical, chemical and biological. Different techniques are adopted for soil quality evaluation.
Soil quality is affected by a lot of different factors. Anthropogenic activities are often considered as one of the most influential factor. The loss of soil fertility as well as other physical, chemical or biological deterioration of soil properties is called soil degradation.
The results of this study shown that careful tillage in organic farming could have positive effect or no effect on the biological and physical properties of soils. For some experiments there was an increased amount of soil organisms.
In the most experiments, application of organic fertilizers caused increase of organic matter and other essential nutrients. We conclude that under certain conditions with respect for the principles of organic farming the soil quality can be preserved or even improved, but in a longer timeframe.
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Readiness of hospitals for admission of children with surdopaedic defects
TENKLOVÁ, Monika
Hearing is the most sensitive of all human senses. Together with sight, it serves as a means of communication and social interaction. Children with congenital hearing impairment lack the preconditions for development of speech. In this case, a long-term speech therapy is needed. The theoretical part of the thesis is concerned with hearing impairments. It mentions children with hearing impairments and also the education of nurses. I describe paediatric units and the work of nurses in these units. Two objectives were set for this bachelor's thesis: to find out whether nurses working in a hospital paediatric unit are ready to care for patients with hearing impairment and to examine how well the hospitals are equipped to care for these patients. The research part of the thesis was conducted as a qualitative research with nurses working in a paediatric unit in the form of a semi-structured interview. The interviews with nurses were then transcribed using verbatim transcription. Altogether, ten nurses working in three different hospitals were interviewed; two of these hospitals are located in the South Bohemian Region and one in the Central Bohemian Region. The first part of the research examined the qualification education, lifelong learning and education possibilities for nurses in the area of deaf education. We were also interested in the experience of nurses with the hospitalisation of children with hearing impairment in the paediatric unit. In the next part of the research, we examined the deaf education tools and modern technologies that could make care of children with hearing impairment easier. We were also interested in cooperation between the hospitals and special education teachers. In both hospitals in the South Bohemian Region, a teacher (not specialised in special education) is available in the unit, but the hospital in the Central Bohemian Region has not had any teachers in their unit for several years. So far, none of the nurses have experienced a special education teacher working in their unit. The last part of the research is aimed at nursing care of patients with hearing impairment. The nurses think that they are ready to provide nursing care or that they are expected to be. The research showed that there are occasionally children with hearing impairment in the paediatric units, but the nurses are not able to communicate with them using sign language. The paediatric units have experience with hospitalising these children, but in spite of that, they have no deaf education tools or modern technology available for them. These findings will be published in a nursing journal.
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Integration of pharmaceuticals with higher plants as a model of phytoremediation
Chupíková, Alice ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Hýsková, Veronika (referee)
The presence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater, which are not eliminated in sewage treatment plant process and thus get easily into rivers and aquatic environment in general, constitutes a severe problem to the whole society. The research into the removal of pharmaceuticals from the environment began about twenty years ago. Phytoremediation represents one of the most promising wastewater treatment methods. It is based on the ability of plants to remove xenobiotics from their environment and sequester them, build them into their tissues or degrade them. Many plant species have been tested as potential phytoremediation agents including maize (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). These two plant species were also used for phytoremediation experiments described in this project. The sunflower BELEM variety and the maize G1 variety were cultivated in sterile media containing carbamazepine or its metabolite 10,11-epoxycarbamazepine. The same experiments were carried out with ibuprofen and acetaminophen for comparison. The antiepileptic drug carbamazepine belongs to the group of compounds, which are, due to their high stability, poorly degraded in the environment. Its metabolite 10,11-epoxycarbamazepine was synthesized by epoxidation of the double bond of carbamazepine using m-chlorperoxybenzoic acid...
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Effect of the animal assisted activity and therapy on the children with autism
Šámalová, Magdaléna ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Machová, Kristýna (referee)
This bachelor thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of Animal assisted activity and therapy on the children with autism (especially to the quality of their lives). All the information included in this thesis are obtained from the latest sources.
Animal assisted activity and therapy is a therapeutic approach based on the interaction between human and animal. Even though the nomenclature in the field of animal assisted activity and therapy is not yet fully solved, many studies indicate that this approach has a positive impact on patients with psychic, psychosomatic and somatic disorders. Animal assisted activity and therapy finds its applications in many fields, for example in psychology, psychiatry, social pedagogy and so on.
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder may be positively affected by animal assisted activity and therapy. Studies show that improvement of the quality of some aspects of their lives can be achieved by contact with dogs, horses, guinea-pigs and some other animals. Because positive impact has been reported for many different kinds of animals, animal assisted activity and therapy has become popular supportive therapeutic technique ant its popularity is still increasing. The therapy is focused mainly on social behavior and communication abilities.
Even though we still do not have sufficient experience with this approach and also have to deal with many problems such as insufficient number of patients with the same diagnose or biased measurements, the results are optimistic and the number of studies dealing with this approach is increasing.
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The effect of the dog-asissted activity in children disorders of psychological development during education
Schwarzová, Kristýna ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Katerina, Katerina (referee)
The goal of the thesis was to find out if dog´s presence and the targeted work of a child with a dog helps improve children´s attention to teaching and their results. The majority of academic literature shows that dog assisted therapy constitutes a clear benefit for children. However, the research on this topic is still in its infancy and the literature is still relatively limited.
The thesis deals with the interactions of a child and a dog, especially in the case of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specific learning disorders (SPU), and autistic spectrum disorders (PAS). The general conclusion of the existing literature is that animal assisted therapy with the dog helps children with ADHD improve their fine motor skills, increases their attention, decreases aggressiveness, and helps to improve speech disorders. But it is not clear what the impact on other types of disorders is. This thesis first focuses on reviewing the existing literature and its main results that mostly confirm the positive influence of involving the dog in therapy by all observed disorders. The second part of the thesis deals with experimental verification of the hypothesis of a positive influence the dog´s presence and the targeted work of 8 children in the age of 7-9 years from a special school has on attention and behavior in the classroom. Four of the children were diagnosed with ADHD, two with SPU, and two with an autistic spectrum disorder. The experiment was carried out two times a week, and focused on observing the extent of children´s concentration on the given task, calming down, attention while solving the assignments, and reduction of negative physical contacts among observed subjects. The data collection took place during regular classes. Once in a week, the class was preceded by the animal assisted therapy with the dog, which formed the treatment group. The second session in the week was not preceded by any therapy to establish the control group for the experiment. The results verify our hypothesis by revealing the strengthening of the positive influence of teaching on the observed skills of the children. The positive influence of the dog is supported by the fact that the children achieved more success in its presence. However, further research on larger samples and children from other age categories is needed.
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