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Active contour models in medical image segmentation
Nagy, Ivan ; Szabó, Z.
Active contour models are very suitable to image segmentation. A contour is a set of point which has an energy function. This energy function comes from both internal and external sources. This paper includes internal and external energy definition and a Matlab implementation of active contours.
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of teaching vocational subjects depending on physical activity before schooling.
Janošíková, Martina ; Hanušová, Marie (advisor)
The period of transition to secondary school brings substantial changes in the requirements for study obligations, autonomy, communication, expression, or separated from their families in the form of staying at the dormitory. Students enrolled in sport centers, in addition to these changes, still struggling with the responsibilities associated with sport. Because they are students first through fourth grades of secondary schools and secondary vocational schools, an age when image self-I am, what I believe in, arises in interactions with the outside world and their own experience, plays a very important role to influence the environment, educators, teachers and trainers, with which students spend most of their time in practice. This study looks at students comprehensively in terms of personal development as a multifactorial biopsychosocial unit, in terms of cognitive and motivational processes, states and properties from the perspective of social psychology dealing with the interactions, relationships and communication, psychology of individuals within the social group and its importance for the development of the individual . It monitors conditions and educational outcomes in terms of educational psychology, dealing with forming properties, opinions, attitudes and value orientation from the perspective of educational psychology.
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THE DRAMATICAL SCRIPT AS A NECESSARY BASIS FOR SPACIAL REALIZATOIN
Tretiag, Štěpán ; KORČÁK, Jakub (advisor) ; HRBEK, Daniel (referee)
Using the concrete examples of my practical bachelor work my intent is to retrospectively describe and reflect on our scenic realization of the play Missing by south-African author Reza de Wet. The essence of a modern dramatic direction is to perceive the script of a play as a model which becomes a basis for its interpretation and the subsequent staging of the play. It is the process from the initial interpretation to final scenic realization I wish to focus on in my work.In the first part I will be dealing with creation of a physical space, that being stage design. I will try to capture what lead us to its final shape and how the basis for that can be found in the script of the play as well as the potential capability of the physical space to become a dramatic space. Its ability to create a platform for the actors to proceed from and how can it provoke them into acting, in particular. In the second part I will be dealing with the dramatic space, ergo the spacial expression of relationships and themes. I will proceed again retrospectively, focusing on how we managed to achieve the stage image which is functioning as a materialized metaphor. I will focus mostly on non-verbal actions, but with regard to the fact, that dramatical script is the basis for our realization of the play.
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Application of mathematical models for simulation of hydrological conditions in selected streams
Kurková, Marie ; Vašků, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Michal, Michal (referee)
Flood is a natural phenomenon that occurs at different intensities and irregular time intervals. As to natural disasters, floods represent the greatest direct threat for the Czech Republic. They may cause serious critical situations during which not only extensive material damages are done, but may bring also losses of the lives of inhabitants in affected areas as well as vast devastation of cultural landscape including environmental damages. Important from the viewpoint of the elimination of potential threats and consequences of such events is the information issued by flood forecasting service about the character and size of flood areas for individual N-year flood discharges and specific flood scenarios. An adequate image of depths and flow rates in the longitudinal or cross profile of the watercourse during a flood event is provided by the hydrodynamic model. This is why the information obtained from the hydrodynamic models occupies a privileged position from the viewpoint of the protection of citizens' lives and mitigation of damage to their property. The first study is situated on the river Úhlava in meadows by Příchovice near the town Přeštice. The proposal of flood-protection measures is contained in Territorial control documentation. The documentation was elaborated on the basis of hydraulic calculations and experiences from the flood in August 2002. The mathematical model is practically used in the study of analysis of proposed flood-protection measures. The analysis is based on mathematical simulation of water outflow and water level on the river Úhlava. It is possible to use the non-commercial software Hec-Ras, version 3.1.1., for the simulation itself. One of the points of view of the possibility of using proposed flood-protection measures is total efficiency. The mathematical model is posssible to use as a basis of support for realization of proposed flood-protection measures on the river Úhlava in meadows by Příchovice within the grant programme "Program prevence před povodněmi II" under the control of the Ministry of Agriculture. In the second case the mathematical model is practically used in the study of hydrotechnical analysis of streams in cadastral unit. The analysis is based on matjematical simulation of water outflow and water level on chosen streams. It is possible to use the noncomercial software HEC-RAS for the own simulation. The analysis should be shown on dangerous places in the interest place. The mathematical model is possible of using to use as basis for revaluation of action in spatial plan or for view of the flood-protection measures in the village Mochtín. Basic input into the hydrodynamic models is represented by altimetry data. One of ways to obtain such data is through the method of aerial laser scanning (ALS) from the digital relief model (DRM). This method is considered one of the most accurate methods for obtaining altimetry data. Its bottleneck is however incapacity of recording terrain geometry under water surface due to the fact that laser beam is absorbed by water mass. The absence of geometric data on watercourse discharge area may perceptibly affect results of modelling, especially if a missing part of the channel represents a significant discharge area with its capacity. One of methods for eliminating the deficiency is a sufficient channel recess by means of software tools such as CroSolver. The third submitted paper deals with the construction of a hydrodynamic model using 5th generation DRM data, and compares outputs from this model at various discharges with a model based on the altimetry data modified by using the CroSolver tool. Outputs from the two hydrodynamic models are compared in HEC-RAS programme with the use of recessed data and with the use of unmodified DRM. The comparison is done on the sections of two watercourses with different terrain morphology and watercourse size. A complementary output is the comparison of inundation areas issuing from both model variants. Our results indicate that differences in the outputs are significant namely in the lower discharges (Q1, Q5) whereas for Q50 and Q100 the difference is negligible with a great role being played by morphology of the modelled area and by the watercourse size.
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The Image of Islam in the Czech Republic
Šnaiberg, Michal ; Kreisslová, Sandra (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The focus of this masters thesis is on the phenomenon of stereotypical images of muslims and islam produced in the czech society. The effort is given to finding out these simplified images a indetifying factors leading to their creation. The solution of this problém is based on quantitaive research, which is used to identify possible dependencies in muslim and islam perception on different factors. All dependencies are statistically tested. The image of islam, as percieved by the majority in the Czech Republic, is then constructed based on questionnaire survey, statistical resuslts and media analysis.
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Molecular mechanism of hydrogen sulfide action during meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes
Veselá, Andrea ; Hošková, Kristýna (advisor) ; Tomáš, Tomáš (referee)
At present reproductive biotechnology methods are on the rise, but their development and application in the broader management of reproduction is dependent on obtaining a sufficient number of quality oocytes cultured in vitro. The prerequisite for this requirement is the creation of the optimal conditions in the course of culturing oocytes.
Understanding and knowledge of the processes that occur in oocyte during maturation is an important and necessary condition for optimizing the process of culturing oocytes in vitro and gaining a sufficient number of good quality oocytes in metaphase II of meiotic division. A large number of mechanisms that affect and control oocyte maturation are known, however it cannot be claimed that this process has been fully explained and studied. One factor which has a potential role in the regulation of meiotic maturation of oocytes is gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a critical signaling molecule of endogenous origin.
The study of H2S led to the hypothesis that H2S actively influences the course of meiotic maturation of pig oocytes by regulating key signaling cascades. The aim of this work was to determine the involvement of H2S in the regulation of the MEK1-MAPK signaling cascade, responsible for the initiation and progress of the meiotic maturation of oocytes and the MEK1-PARP-1 cascade as signaling that supports cell viability. For this purpose, pig oocytes cultured in modified media were used, supplemented with a specific combination of enzyme inhibitors (3Ki) or in a culture medium with donor H2S. The ocytes were then subjected to immunocytochemistry staining, fluorescence microscopy and image analysis.
The results show that H2S is involved in the regulation of meiotic maturation. It confirmed the hypothesis of the endogenous production of H2S in the course of the meiotic maturation of pig oocytes and the influence of the MAPK signaling cascade. Based on the results, it is however likely that the MEK1-PARP-1 signaling cascade is not affected by H2S, unlike MAPK signaling, comprising the mentioned MEK1 as superior kinase. MAPK kinase activity is significantly lower in oocytes after treatment 3Ki. Further experiments are for a detailed understanding of these regulatory pathways and for the proper verification of the mechanism of the effects of H2S necessary, in particular for a full understanding of the target control factors by the post-translational modification of S-sulfhydration.
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Animal Species Diversity on Prehistoric Rock Paintings
Sjahrirová, Nicole ; Hejcmanová, Pavla (advisor) ; Sýkorovský, Dalibor (referee)
The term rock art represents prehistoric, historic and present images, which are being created on the rocks or on the free stone panels. It constitutes important historic heritage to people. The meaning of the rock paintings is mostly spiritual or it is somehow connected with hunters and gatherers. The dating of the rock art is very difficult and it is almost not possible to determine the specific year of creation. The oldest rock art was created by the people in the prehistoric Stone Age. Rock paintings were discovered all around the world. I focused on rock paintings with zoomorphic motives on the American continent, especially in North America and Mexico.
The main purpose of this work was to describe animal species diversity on prehistoric rock paintings, especially focused on the life with wild animals and the beginning of agriculture in North America and Mexico. I created the database based on specialised articles that contains fifty various rock paintings with zoomorphic motifs. The database contains 25 different localities, primarily from the western USA. I identified 12 different species of animals in these paintings, the most numerous animal was the mountain sheep also known as the bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), which had a big meaning for Indian culture in America. I processed all the data from the database and calculated the Shannon index. The value of the Shannon index was 1,5478, which means that the diversity of animals in North America and Mexico in these 50 processed paintings was determined as low. The Shannon index was also computed for each single region from the database. In the discussion I focused on bighorn sheep and its population in history and then I focused on the meaning and beneficial effect of the wild sheep for the prehistoric native people.
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Photogrammetry using UAV and non-metric photocamera
Filín, Slavomír ; Brychta, Jiří (advisor) ; Rejha, Vít (referee)
This thesis deals with the use of unmanned airborne vehicles especially in environmental sectors. Gradually they describe the different types and characteristics of aircraft. The introduction explains the historical development and the legislation applicable to the management of unmanned airborne vehicle. Another part deals with processing of the results acquired with the help of UAVs. It is explained by the physical principle of data collection. The following describes the different types of data that can be obtained by placing different sensors and cameras for UAV support. This is a multispectral, hyperspectral, thermal imaging and lidar sensors. It explains the process of evaluating the measurement data in the GIS environment. Work also addresses the evaluation of the images taken by UAV with the help of a semi automated software. The paper presents examples of the world's most pervasive software. Attention was also placed on the use of individual outputs. The last section provides examples of the use of UAVs or software on concrete examples, where the UAV resources necessary tool for the project implementation.
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Manual for taking digital photo
Cerha, Ondřej ; Vynikarová, Dana (advisor) ; Hanzlík, Petr (referee)
In this bachelor thesis, the author deals with issues of creation and taking digital photo. In the theoretical part of the work with the help of specialized literature and other sources are explained principle of creation photos in a digital single lens reflex. There are also described the basic composition rules and exposure parametres, which affect appearance of the final image.
In practical part of the thesis is a selection of basic photographic disciplines. The basic settings of digital single lens reflex for the situation are described here. Also there are other principles for taking this type of photo. These procedures are in each chapter shown on own photographs with description of values exposure parameters with wich they were taken.
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The phenomenon of old age and aging in the eyes of younger generations
Kubátová, Iva ; Kreisslová, Sandra (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The question of age and aging is currently gaining in importance. The main reasons for the aging of population are the extension of age of individuals and low birthrate. This master thesis tries to answer the question, how the younger generations see seniors and identify the main stereotypes and myths about age and aging, which are produced in contemporary society. By using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research is presented an image of senior in the eyes of youngest, middle and oldest generations. The empirical part firstly deals with the perception of seniors, depending on age and sex of respondents and secondly the perception of myths about seniors depending on the age of respondents. Statistical data from the questionnaire are supplemented with information based on interviews. The results of the thesis point out that the Czech population perceives seniors rather neutral, between generations are only small differences in the perception of seniors.
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