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NOVÉ MOŽNOSTI PLÁNOVÁNÍ PRO STŘEDNÍ A VELKÉ SPOLEČNOSTI
Přibyslavský, Jiří ; Uhrová, Inka (advisor) ; Kohoutová, Helena (referee) ; Nováček, Jan (referee)
Cílem a zároveň obsahem disertační práce je rozvoj discipliny plánování a rozpočtování v podobě návrhu a aplikace metody pro podporu plánování, která bude vycházet ze současného teoretického i praktického stavu vědění v oblasti plánování. Kombinací daných teoretických i praktických znalostí vzniká zcela nová metodika pro využití možností plánování. Metodika byla nazvána 5M, podle pěti základních pilířů pro podporu plánování. Metoda 5M má své místo jak na akademické půdě díky shrnutí dnešních teoretických základů v oblasti plánování a jejich rozšířením o vlastní poznatky, tak v reálné praxi, kde podobný koncept stále chybí a mohl by být zajímavým vodítkem a alternativou k reorganizaci a redefinici firemních plánovacích a forecastovacích systémů.
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Nové postupy biomonitoringu cizorodých látek ve vodním prostředí
ČERVENÝ, Daniel
Within the presented work, several approaches of biomonitoring were studied. A well-established method for human health risk assessment was applied to evaluate the quality of fish from open waters in the Czech Republic. As this work is targeted on sport fishermen, who frequently consume their own catches, besides the publication in scientific journal, a brochure with results of this study was distributed via the Czech Fishing Union. Health risks for consumers related to the consumption of wild fish were found strongly species and locality dependent. As there is no risks related with the consumption of carp (Cyprinus carpio) at all investigated sites, frequent consumption of predatory fish should be avoided at some fishing grounds. The use of passive samplers has become more and more attractive in the last two decades. As these devices are able to mimic the biological uptake of chemicals, their potential for replacing fish as bioindicators in routine biomonitoring programmes is evident. In our study, the comparison between analysis of fish tissues and POCIS extracts from selected sampling sites confirms this idea about interchangeability of these indicators in the case of PFASs as target pollutants. Moreover, no metabolic transformation of contaminants present in water take place in passive samplers contrary to living organisms, thus these reflect the actual contamination at the locality more precisely. The use of passive samplers completely fulfils the internationally accepted principles of Replacement, Reduction, Refinement (the three R´s). Another promising approach using YOY fish as bioindicators was evaluated within the present study. Multispecies samples of YOY fish homogenate was found as a better indicator for wide range of pollutants than muscle tissue of adult fish within one species from the same locality. As all inner organs and tissues are presented in analysed samples, more target pollutants in higher concentrations are detected compared to the muscle of adults. Besides the higher sensitivity in pollutants detection and quantification, practical and economic benefits are of concern in the case of the YOY fish approach. The YOY fish approach also particularly fulfil the three R´s strategy, as sampling of this age group of fish has a smaller impact on the environment than the sampling of adults. In case of mercury, that was found as a limiting contaminant for the consumption of fish from open waters in the Czech Republic, a nonlethal method of finclips sampling can be used for the monitoring of this compound in aquatic environments. Besides the monitoring, our optimised method for the estimation of muscle tissue concentrations could be used for human health risk assessment as well. The difference between real muscle concentrations and concentrations estimated using our method differs less than 10% in most of the investigated localities. Benthic organisms are an important part of the food web in aquatic environments, but insufficient information about its contamination is available. In another study included in this thesis, first evidence about bioaccumulation of certain pharmaceuticals in benthic organisms was described. Although, pharmaceuticals are generally considered to be not accumulative in organisms, our study proved that certain pharmaceuticals have bioaccumulation potential. From this finding, it is evident that not only the concentrations of pharmaceutical dissolved in water but also the diet represents an important exposure pathway of contamination by these compounds for organisms (fish) inhabiting aquatic environments.
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Sandstones and conglomerates Peruc Mbrs (lower Cenomanian , Upper Cretaceous ) of eastern Bohemia and coal mass in them
Martinec, Petr ; Kubina, Lukáš ; Rojáková, T.
A reasonably complete knowledge of the development of East Bohemia’s Lower Cenomanian sediments (Peruc Mbr) is still lacking. The sediments originate from rivers flowing from the buried Hořice-Nové Město elevation to Moravia in the SE direction, via a flatland depression. The sandstone and conglomerate bodies within the Litice Chlum area under investigation are channel river sediments accompanied by sedimentation in river lakes or oxbow lakes. The landscape of the region showed the character of a low-relief peneplain. At Sopotnice site, the surface of Litice kaolinite massif of granodiorite with a weathered crust incorporates fine-grained conglomerates with white quartz and quartzite pebbles in a sandy matrix. They form wedge-shaped channel bodies of several dozens centimeters thickness. The textures are massive, with inconspicuous positive gradation bedding of medium to poor bed sorting. By their character they correspond to the fill of an instable riverbed that kept changing its position in the flatlands. In the matrix, kaolinite dominates over illite.
Fulltext: content.csg -  DOC
Plný tet: UGN_0398209 - DOC
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New trends in consumer behavior when purchasing food
Radoušová, Eva ; Hes, Aleš (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
This master thesis deals with consumer behavior when purchasing food. For the purpose of this thesis students from the Central Bohemia Region are chosen as a selected group of consumers.
The theoretical part sums up the knowledge related to the shopping behavior of consumers when buying food and influences on this behavior. The second part analyzes the shopping habits of the selected group of consumers. Shopping behavior is examined in terms of frequency of purchase, place of purchase, the most frequently purchased food categories, the main decision criteria when buying food, the impact of advertising and promotional discounts, the importance of information on food composition and the country of origin, interest in organic food and healthy lifestyle, willingness to try new food and approach to food purchases on the internet.
The final part interprets the new trends in consumer behavior of the selected group of consumers and formulates a set of recommendations both for the selected group of consumers and for food retailers.
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Application of optimization methods in hydrological modeling
Jakubcová, Michala ; Máca, Petr (advisor) ; Hanel, Martin (referee)
Finding the optimal state of reality is the main purpose of the optimization process. The best variant from many possibilities is selected, and the effectiveness of the given system increases. Optimization has been applied in many real life engineering problems as in hydrological modelling. Within the hydrological case studies, the optimization process serves to estimate the best set of model parameters, or to train model weights in artificial neural networks.
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is relatively recent optimization technique, which has only a few parameters to adjust, and is easy to implement to the selected problem. The original algorithm was modified by many authors. They
focused on changing the initialization of particles in the swarm, updating the population topology, adding new parameters into the equation, or incorporating shuffling mechanism into the algorithm.
The modifications of PSO algorithm improve the performance of the optimization, prevent the premature convergence, and decrease computation time. Therefore, the main aims of the presented doctoral thesis consist of proposal of a new PSO modification with its implementation in C++ programming language. More PSO variants were compared and analysed, and the best methods based on benchmark problems were applied in two hydrological case studies.
The first case study focused on utilization of PSO algorithms in inverse problem related to estimation of parameters of rainfall-runoff model Bilan. In the second case study, combination of artificial neural networks with PSO methods was introduced for forecasting the Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration drought index.
It was found out, that particle swarm optimization is a suitable tool for solving problems in hydrological modelling. The most effective PSO modifications are the one with adaptive version of parameter of inertia weight, which updates the velocity of particles during searching through the multidimensional space via feedback information. The shuffling mechanism and redistribution of particles into complexes, at which the PSO runs separately, also significantly improve the performance.
The contribution of this doctoral thesis lies in creation of new PSO modification, which was tested on benchmark problems, and was successfully applied in two hydrological case studies. The results of this thesis also extended the utilization of PSO methods in real life engineering optimization problems. All analysed PSO algorithms are available for later use within other research projects.
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Mathematical modelling in basin of Litavka in the framework integrated system water
Hejduk, Tomáš ; Pech, Pavel (advisor) ; Máca, Petr (referee)
These thesis brings new findings in flood issues, which importance has been sharply increasing in the light of last years experience. Hypotheses about the usefulness of hydrological measurements in the creation of computational geometry watercourses, as well as using the data from aerial laser scanning in the preparation of computer tracks water flows have been confirmed. Presented papers introduce the use of new technologies, knowledge and other results of applied research in the field of preparation of input data for hydrodynamic models, geographic information systems, personal identification and early warning and information sharing to support the elimination of consequences of natural disasters or traffic accidents. The above presented findings about the use of airborne laser scanning data and synthesis these data with hydrological measurements are of great importance for the improvement of flood prevention. Another practical use of these findings lies in urbanism planning and flood forecasts. The effort is to increase the security of citizens in the case of threats to their security through early warning - ie. Preventative protection by results of conducted research in the field of mathematical modelling rainfall-runoff and passage of flood flows in the river system providing new knowledge for the identification and registration of persons. During the research conducted, the attention was paid to define tools supporting integrated activities of the state security and rescue forces, including increased education and communication between state administration, local governments and the public. However the main goal of this work is to prevent the effects of natural and anthropogenic risks to human health and property of citizens. The attention is paid especially on the most common natural hazard represented by the floods.
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Location study of suitable sites for pumped storage power plants
Strnad, David ; Gdulová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Bašta, Petr (referee)
This theses reports on facts about pumped storage power plants. The first part
of the theses introduces us to the importace of hydropower, consists of a description
of historical development of pumping sets, and also defines limitations for its
potential suitable localization.
The research is processed via ArcGIS software and it´s methodologically divided
into three phases. The first phase is searching for the minimum suitable terrain
gradient on the whole Czech landscape and it defines local insterests for the next
phase of research. The second phase is based on limited factors and assesses the
chosen location of interest. The final phase provides detail on the most potentially
suitable destinations with specific locations of pumped storage power plants.
The study resulted in map outputs of final destinations and locations of interest
across the Czech landscape.
The distinction of source data and the importace of classification of enviromental
factors are included in the discussion.
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Assessment of Present Condition of Forestry Recultivated Dump of Company ČLZ Nové Strašecí from Point of View on Creation of Anthropogenic Soil.
Semanová, Soňa ; Sixta, Jan (advisor) ; Vít, Vít (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of condition of taken forestry reclamation on the outer overburden dump in open-cast quarry of ČLUZ company. The reclamation is evaluated mainly from the point of view of presence and thickness of A0 humus horizon of anthropogenic soil and it also deals with the present condition of forestry reclamation taken on a plateau of overburden dump Babín. The present condition is evaluated on the basis of reclamation generel study which was taken in 1995 by professor Jonáš. The final evaluation of condition of forestry reclamation was carried out on the basis of comparison of vegetation state on the plateau of overburden dump and vegetation in Mšecké Žehrovice cadastral area.
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Evaluation of newly revitalized small scale areas in Prague 6
Karasová, Daniela ; Jakubcová, Eva (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
These days a pursuite of expedient an interconnection between news and existing buildings with green areas is increased especially in the cities. People change living habits and their requests about environment increase. In urban area is necessary create more natural green spaces for its using by habitants.
Those are main reasons for creation of new green spaces. For improve some life conditions their equipement and layout should be on high quality perforce.
The aim of this thesis is to deal the evaluation of areas in terms of various parameters. It is splited into three parts. Each of part is analysed one of the select park. In conclusion a comparison is performed. A result evaluates a newly revitalized green areas in Prague 6 and their user-friendliness and maintenance demands.
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Libraries and the new models of knowledge dissemination
Zlatuška, Jiří
Knihovny jako pouhá skladiště knih začínají být minulostí. Nové modely akumulace šíření lidských vědomostí nahrazují a rozšiřují tradiční tištěné publikace jako jediné médium. Důsledky těchto změn se týkají ekonomiky šíření informací, kulturní role knihoven i funkcí, které knihovny plní.
Slides: idr-516_1 -  PDF
Video: idr-516_2 -  MP4
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