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Comparison of long term values of discharges and concentrations of selected substances in pasture area of Jenín
KAŇOKOVÁ, Markéta
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the flow rate in pasture-way cultivated catchment area of Jenin stream and concentrations of nitrates and phosphorus in the stream during the period of 2004 - 2012. For this purpose individual time series of the flow-rate values and concentrations of selected substances were processed. The catchment was divided in two subcatchment areas labeled J1 and J2. The results were compared with the previous ones from the period 1983 - 1985 while the area was used as an arable land .
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Monitoring of 0+ juvenile fish communities in selected Moravian rivers
GEBAUER, Radek
Monitoring of 0+ juvenile fish communities was realized in years 2012 and 2013 in 39 localities in 25 selected Moravian rivers. It was realized in collaboration with Povodí Moravy SOE research workers. The aim of this diploma thesis was to conduct a survey of 0+ juvenile fish communities and evaluate basic attributes of these ichthyocenosis (species richness, biodiversity, equitability, abundance and domiance). Secondary aim was the evalutation od hydromorphological conditions and water quality based on data provided by Povodí Moravy SOE. This monitoring was realized using the mobile FEG 1500 electrofishing device. The electrofishing crew moved upstream using continuous fishing strategy. Each locality was selected by highly experienced research workers of Povodí Moravy SOE. Caught fish were determined immediately and carefully retruned to the stream. In total there was present 28 0+ juvenile fish species. The most frequent was chub (Leuciscus cephalus, 23 localities), gudgeon (Gobio gobio, 19 localities) and roach (Rutilus rutilus, 19 localities). In 13 localities occured the fish fry of barbel (Barbus barbus) wich is positive surprise due to its sensitivity to water pollution. In contrast the massive presence of round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in some localities was an unpleasant finding. 4 localities were without fish fry. This survey has observed increasing trend of biodiversity depending on improving of hydromorphological status while the abundance showed almost no diference. Saprobic index of 0+ juvenilie fish community increased with deteriorating of water quality which could mean that the fish fry is relatively reliable indicator of water quality. The results of this diploma thesis could be used in documenting of Moravian streams and in comparisson with another monitorings in these localities.
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Measurements and the use of spectral reflectance of solar radiation from surface water levels
Vinciková, H. ; Pechar, L. ; Hanuš, Jan
The methodology describes measurement of spectral reflectance from the surface of water bodies and application of the measured reflectance in assessment and monitoring of water quality especially in terms of the range of eutrophication and development of water blooms. The aim of the suggested methodology is to provide an effective tool for a rapid screening of water quality situation in the Czech Republic, including relatively large areas, and therefore from more water bodies at once. This method using remote sensing allows to gather lot of data on water quality without time-consuming and overall more expensive field sampling and laboratory analysis.
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The analysis of selected parameters of water quality
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Iveta
Cílem této diplomové práce je provést analýzu vybraných ukazatelů kvality pitné vody a posouzení faktorů, které ji ovlivňují. V první části jsou zachyceny vybrané mikrobiologické ukazatele, tak jak je popisuje literatura, včetně platných norem a vyhlášek. Druhá část popisuje průběh provádění vlastní analýzy, z poskytnutých materiálů akreditovanou laboratoří společnosti AGRO-LA, spol. s r. o., až po vyhodnocení získaných výsledků.
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Problems of wells and water in the Křelovice village
PAVLÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
In my bachelor's thesis I wrote about problems of wells and water in the village Křelovice. I chose this village because I live there. I wanted to find new information about local water sources, their capacity and quality. My work is divided into two main parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I wrote about Křelovice and local water sources. I also wrote about indicators of drinking water quality acording to the legislative limits. I specified various indicators of water when we can find them in drinking water, how to eliminate them and how they affect the human body. I wrote a hygienic limit to each indicator of water quality which shouldn´t be exceeded. In the practical part I wrote about objectives of the work, hypothesis and research question. The goal of my work was: evaluate water quality from the local water source in Křelovice and find out the opinion of the population of the village of the quality of the local water source. I chose two research methods. As the first method I used a quantitative research. I prepared my own questionnaires for it. I gave these questionnaires to one hundred forty people who live in Křelovice. This number is a representative sample of 300 inhabitantes of the village older than 18 years. Then I analyzed the questionnaires and I made a color graph with a description to the each question. As the second method I chose secondary data analysis. The most information I recieved from the territorial workplace Pelhřimov of the Regional Station of Hygiene and the other from the mayor of Křelovice Ing. Jaromír Dolejš. I statistically processed the datas and compared them with hygienic limits that are determined by the legislation. Then I made graphs for the better visibility and orientation. After evaluating the quantitative research, I found out that the villagers are very satisfied with the quality of drinking water from the local sources. It is obvious that the municipality does everything for keeping the good quality of drinking water. Results of samplins of water corresponded with the public opinion. In last five years hasn't been exceeded hygienic limits which are set by the legislation. It means that the respondents are rightly satisfied with the quality of water. I think that my research showed not only a good quality of drinking water and the satisfaction of residents but also that the quality of water is regularly checked by statutory regulation. I think that the residents can be sure that the water is really high-quality so they needn´t be worry of using and drinking water from the public water sources. My research is also good for the municipal council headed by the mayor. I have clearly demonstrated that water quality is high and residents are very satisfied.
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Effect of temperature, fish size and feeding on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
DENKOVÁ, Adéla
Aim of this work were to assessed the impact of feeding, temperature, stocking density, fish size and water temperature on ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in recirculating system. Concentration (saturation) of oxygen, water temperature and pH were measured using multimeter and concentration of ammonia was assessed by direct Nessler method. For assessing of effect of fish size, three groups of tilapias weighed 25, 65 and 140 g were established, each group in four replicates. For assessing of effect of feeding was tilapias (body weight 65g) divided into groups fed continuously, two meals per day and four meals per day, each group in four replicates. For assessing of effect of stocking density was tilapias (body weight 65g) divided into groups of 20, 50 and 80 kg.m-3, each group in four replicates. All experiments were performed for water temperature of 23, 27 and 31 °C and for fed and starved fish. Mean daily oxygen consumption was higher for smaller fish categories than for bigger ones and grow rapidly after feeding. The kind of feeding had impact on diurnal fluctuation of oxygen consumption. It was also confirmed that tilapia can survive low level of oxygen concentration for a quite long period.
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The influence of permanent grassland on the water quality
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Jitka
This bachelor thesis deals with the influence of permanent grassland on the water quality. A list of related terms and historical development of grassland in the Czech Republic is given in the introductory part. The following part describes the way permanent grassland is used in the Czech Republic at present. The main part of the thesis covers the influence of grassland on the water quality and case studies dealing with this issue are mentioned, too. The aim of the thesis is to describe the influence of grassland on the water quality and to highlight the importance of maintaining grassland in our landscape.
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Concentration of nutrients and their transport from catchment area
JIRKOVSKÁ, Veronika
This work aims to approach the problems of the increasing concentrations of nutrients in the catchment area and then in the entire complex of the natural components, especially in water. In most of my work I deal with the problematic nutrients that affect the quality of water, that means nitrogen and phosphorus. Next there is also described the cycle of the both observed nutrients in nature and also characterized the factors that influence the leaching of these nutrients out into the water (from catchment area). This has also the connection with the evaluation of human activities that significantly interfere in the development of the landscape components and the consequences that come with these activities mainly relating to the pollution of water structures. My work is also briefly focused on the situation of the development of water quality in the world and in the Czech Republic in conjuction with the way, how water was and has been influenced by human activities.
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The Influence of the pasture on selected environmental components.
KAŇOKOVÁ, Markéta
This thesis deals with the influence of pasture on specific components of the enviroment in the Czech Republic, especially the influence on water regime. The thesis aims to poit out the negative and possitive effects of pasture and provides a complete view on this issue. The first part of the work describes in detail the history of pasture farming, the importance of pasture in CR and pasture systems. Next it examines the influence of pasture farming on vegetation cover and water quality. Pasture plays a significant role in landscape with erosion ? protection, cultivation and landscape design effect, but pasture also affects the level of dustiness. No doubt pasture is the most natural way how to farm permanent grasslands and i tis an important nature protection factor.
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Evaluation of water quality and runoff characteristics in the Jenínský stream catchment.
KROPÁČEK, Robin
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate water quality and runoff characteristics in the Jenínský stream catchment. For this purpose analysis and data processing was performed. Two subcatchments, called J1 and J2, were monitored at this catchment area. Period of interest involves years 2008-2012. Results were compared with the period 1983-1985 when most of the land was used as arable land. The decrease in the concentrations of all evaluated indicators was caused by grassing and reduction in the use of fertilisers. Ranges of the values of selected indicators also decreased distinctly and their concentrations are stabilized. The greatest decrease of 79% (J1) and 87% (J2) was found in average ammonium concentrations. A beneficial effect of land use change to extensive agricultural management on water quality was proven.
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