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Predikace druhového složení těžeben na základě biotopového mapování okolní krajiny: využití charakteristických druhů vyšších rostlin
SLABA, Michal
The surrounding habitats play an important role in the spontaneous vegetation succession in disturbed sites. They serve as donor sites for species colonizing various post-mining sites from the close surrounding. This diploma thesis deals with the species composition in post-mining sites and the surrounding habitats up to the 1 km distance from the locality. The results indicate, that basalt quarries share the largest amount of species with their surrounding habitats. The studied methods have got limited capability to predict the species composition of post-mining sites using only the knowledge about habitat types occurred in the surrounding. On the other hand, species composition of the surrounding habitats, defined by a selection of the representative relevés of the Czech National Phytosociological Database (CNFD), seems to be more promising approach. It could provide more precise results applied in ecological restoration of post-mining sites in the Czech Republic.
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Uptake and translocation of buspirone in higher plant cultures
Schmidová, Anna ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Petrová, Šárka (referee)
This bachelor thesis is devoted to the phytoextraction of the anxiolytic buspirone from a cultivation medium and to the study of the effect of plant stress on the plant metabolism. Two experiments were carried out with maize (Zea mays) grown hydroponically in a sterile medium for 10 and 14 days. After the addition of a solution of medium containing buspirone at concentrations of 10 and 5 mg · L-1 , samples of medium were collected at 1-day intervals from all experimental plants. The decreasing concentration of buspirone in the medium was monitored by reversed phase HPLC/UV at a wavelength of 240 nm. In the first experiment with 10 mg · L-1 as the initial concentration of buspirone in the medium, a 65 % decrease was observed over the 96 hours during which the phytoextraction was carried out. The overall decrease in buspirone concentration was 53 % in 144 hours of phytoextraction in the second experiment with an initial concentration of 5 mg · L-1 in the medium. After the completion of the phytoextraction experiments, the activities of total peroxidases, membrane-bound peroxidases, guaiacol peroxidase and ABTS-peroxidase were determined in the leaves and roots of the plants. Furthermore, the content of phenolic substances, which belong to the group of so-called secondary metabolites and their effects...
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Land plant terrestrialization - New insights from genomes of charophyte algae
Horňák, Milan ; Pichrtová, Martina (advisor) ; Vosolsobě, Stanislav (referee)
The terrestrialization of land plants was an important event in the history of life on Earth. Genomic and transcriptomic studies published in the last decade shed light on many aspects of this process. This work presents an overview of the traits facilitating the conquest of land by land plants. It focuses on streptophyte algae to elucidate what properties relevant to life on land the ancestors of terrestrial plants possessed and in what form, primarily using recent genomic and transcriptomic data.
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Basis for conservation assessment of Plant diversity of dry basic habitats within the forest environment in the Doksy region
Martinec, Pavel ; Sádlo, Jiří (advisor) ; Pivnička, Karel (referee)
Theme: Basis for conservation assessment of Plant diversity of dry basic habitats within the forest environment in the Doksy region Abstract: The subject of present study is high species richness of vascular plants on localities of dry basic habitats in Doksy region. This habitats are enclosed by nutrients poor habitats of coniferous forests, restricted to small areas and spatially isolated. The dry basic habitats represent high valuable areas for nature conservation due to high α-diversity and occurence of rare plant species with scarce populations within flora of Czech Republic. The aim of study is to collect and review known data about dry basic habitats of Doksy region and their biodiversity. Consequently find optimal approaches in analysis of biodiversity and approach in interpretation for nature conservation. Actual status of flora and vegetation depend on environmental factors, biotic interaction, evolution and historic development. The perspective theoretical approach in species diversity analysis shows the species-pool hypothesis (Taylor et al. 1990) which assorts and describes these factors. Keywords: biodivesity, vascular plants, Doksy region, species-pool hypothesis, nature conservation
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Basis for conservation assessment of Plant diversity of dry basic habitats within the forest environment in the Doksy region
Martinec, Pavel ; Sádlo, Jiří (advisor) ; Pivnička, Karel (referee)
Theme: Basis for conservation assessment of Plant diversity of dry basic habitats within the forest environment in the Doksy region Abstract: The subject of present study is high species richness of vascular plants on localities of dry basic habitats in Doksy region. This habitats are enclosed by nutrients poor habitats of coniferous forests, restricted to small areas and spatially isolated. The dry basic habitats represent high valuable areas for nature conservation due to high α-diversity and occurence of rare plant species with scarce populations within flora of Czech Republic. The aim of study is to collect and review known data about dry basic habitats of Doksy region and their biodiversity. Consequently find optimal approaches in analysis of biodiversity and approach in interpretation for nature conservation. Actual status of flora and vegetation depend on environmental factors, biotic interaction, evolution and historic development. The perspective theoretical approach in species diversity analysis shows the species-pool hypothesis (Taylor et al. 1990) which assorts and describes these factors. Keywords: biodivesity, vascular plants, Doksy region, species-pool hypothesis, nature conservation
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Comparison of the lepidopteran fauna of selected protected areas in CR
Eichlerová, Barbora ; Vrabec, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kamil, Kamil (referee)
This master thesis is focused on butterfly research and their characteristic in three different regions in Czech republic. These regions were Čertova zeď, Suché skály and an area called Swamp. Inventory research was focused on butterflies encompassing the whole order (Lepidoptera), The research was done using recommanded methods coming from standard entomology practice.
Suché skály and Čertova zeď are predominantly forested enviroments with sandstone rocks, which are sought after by turists. In contrast, Swamp area is marshy.
Sampling of butterflies had two stages. Diurnal butterflies were observed during walking rounds (First stage), however since it took place in areas with low occurrence of meadow ecosystems, only a small number of butterflies were observed. Sampling of the nocturnal butterflies (Second stage) took place during late night hours.
124 species of butterfly were found in Čertova zeď national park, using inventory research. None of these species are mentioned in the Red list of endangered species, nor in the list of specially protected species. In the area of Suché sklály 98 species were found, belonging to 20 families, where only one of them is specially protected Papilio machaon (Linnaeus, 1758). In the last area Swamp, 170 species was found, whereas 8 of them belong to the Red list : Acronicta menyanthidis (Esper, 1798) .Arichanna melanaria (Linnaeus, 1758), Callopistria juventina (Stoll, 1782) ,Coscinia cribraria (Linnaeus, 1758), Drymonia obliterata (Esper, 1758), Eugraphe subrosea (Stephens, 1829), Hyles galii (Rottemburg, 1775) and Lithosia quadra (Linnaeus, 1758).
Tested hypothesis was that higher diversity of butterfly species is in areas with higher plant diversity. This hypothesis was confirmed.
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Anticipated knowledge of vascular plant systematics based on textbook analyses
ADAMCOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor thesis is divided in two parts ? theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on analyzing particular textbooks especially by comparing information about systematics of higher plants. It analyzes amount of technical terminology, periodical revision of subject matter, possibilities of practical assignments and graphical aspect of textbooks. It was find out that all textbooks meet the requirements of framework educational programme issued by Ministry of Education but using the analysis there is an evident difference in subject matter of included textbooks. The practical part is focused on structure of the questionnaire for students of seventh grade, its assessment and comparing between all schools. Assessment of particular questions and success rate of different schools is displayed in charts for better clarity. This part includes examples of filled-in forms.
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The leaf as an organ of higher plants - creation of photographic collection of leaves
MAJEROVÁ, Martina
The project is focused on morphology of leaf. The content is divided into three main parts. The first part analyzes textbooks utilized at elementary schools for teaching morphology of plants. In the second part is treated the photographic collection of leaves organized as a transparent system of individual characteristic of the leaf morphology. There are sugestions for practical use of the compiled material for teaching in the third part.
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Posouzení míry ohrožení a návrh řešení ochrany vyšších rostlin ze soustavy NATURA 2000
Botanická zahrada hl.m. Prahy ; Rybka, Vlastik
Ve studii je předložen rámcový návrh řešení ochrany druhů vyšších rostlin zahrnutých v příloze 2, Směrnice o stanovištích. Pro tak různorodý soubor druhů majících v ČR od jediné lokality až po téměř 200 jsou velmi různorodé i předložené návrhy. U některých druhů je doporučeno přistoupit k záchrannému programu u některých postačuje pouze pokračovat v existujícím managementu lokalit. Většina řešených druhů je mimořádně vzácná, najdeme i druhy s jedinou lokalitou na území ČR (Himantoglossum adriaticum, Thesium ebracteatum), ve třech případech jde dokonce o jedinou světovou lokalitu (Dianthus arenarius subsp. bohemicus, Campanula gelida, Poa riphaea), ale některé mají dosud na našem území bohaté populace (např. Asplenium adulterinum, Campanula bohemica, Coleanthus subtilis, Cypripedium calceolus, Gentianella praecox subsp. bohemica, Pulsatilla grandis, Trichomanes speciosum).
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