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Spontaneous succession and its role in vegetation recovery of post mining sites and other disturbed areas
Dobešová, Alena ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
Ecosystem restoration is vitally important, to return ecosystem in acceptable stage after anthropogenic disturbance. Spontaneous succession when disturbed area spontaneously recovers over time can be also considered as restoration method. This will restore vegetation cover, the interactions between biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem, energy transfer, nutrient cycling and other important functions. In this thesis, I examined the influence of environmental variables on the cover of vegetation during succession. It was a mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, pH and soil types. The optimal course of succession appears to be a large increase of coverage at an early stage and its basically unchanged trend in other stages of succession. This was achived with an average annula temperature of 7řC, with an annual rainfall of 900 mm at pH 5 and the light and heavy soils. Key words: spontaneous succession, vegetation recovery, vegetation cover, disturbed areas
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Weathering of arsenopyrite in soils in acidified environment
Soukupová, Lenka ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Drahota, Petr (referee)
Lenka Soukupová, Zvětrávání arsenopyritu v lesních půdách v acidifikovaném prostředí SUMMARY The weathering of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) has been studied at the experimental site Načetín in the Ore Mountains, Czech Republic. There were chosen three areas with different vegetation (beech, spruce a unforested areas) at this site. The arsenopyrite samples were placed in all soil horizons (litter, horizons A, B and C for forest areas; horizons A, B and C for unforested area), where they were exposed to ambient conditions for one year. After one-year weathering, the newly formed secondary minerals were identified and the rate of surface oxidation was determined, both depending on the environment of oxidation. Although physical-chemical parameters and content of main and trace elements of the studied soils varied, the only detected crystalline secondary mineral of arsenic was scorodite (FeAsO4∙2H2O). Nevertheless, this differences affected amount of formed scorodite. The highest concentrations were determined on the surface of the arsenopyrite grains that oxidized in the beech stand, conversely the lowest concentrations were determined on the arsenopyrite grains from the unforested area.
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Faktor vegetačního krytu v kontextu efektivní protierozní ochrany zemědělské půdy
Jovanović, Ivana
Aim of this diploma thesis was to study the protective effect of vegetation from the point of view of the two most common types of erosion in the Czech Republic, water and wind. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the degradation processes occurring in the soil, the threat of agricultural land by water and wind erosion, with a focus on wind erosion. Based on the analysis of data from the selected stations, changes in phenological occurrence of selected crops, sugar beet and corn were examined. The issue of changing climate and its influence on the course of wind erosion was characterized. On the other hand, soil erosion control was described based on the rules of GAEC (Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions) where critical periods of growth of field crops are limited. In the practical part, the Mann-Kendall test was performed; based on this test changes in the onset of phenological phases and agrotechnical operations were found. Furthermore, the areas which are most endangered by wind erosion (Tvrdonice, district Břeclav) were defined, where based on the identification of critical periods field measurements were performed with deflameter and monitoring of erosion occurrence. Subsequently, qualitative parameters of soil particles were found on the basis of the spectral analysis of the deflametric record in the period of dangerous erosion episodes.
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Spontaneous succession and its role in vegetation recovery of post mining sites and other disturbed areas
Dobešová, Alena ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
Ecosystem restoration is vitally important, to return ecosystem in acceptable stage after anthropogenic disturbance. Spontaneous succession when disturbed area spontaneously recovers over time can be also considered as restoration method. This will restore vegetation cover, the interactions between biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem, energy transfer, nutrient cycling and other important functions. In this thesis, I examined the influence of environmental variables on the cover of vegetation during succession. It was a mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, pH and soil types. The optimal course of succession appears to be a large increase of coverage at an early stage and its basically unchanged trend in other stages of succession. This was achived with an average annula temperature of 7řC, with an annual rainfall of 900 mm at pH 5 and the light and heavy soils. Key words: spontaneous succession, vegetation recovery, vegetation cover, disturbed areas
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Weathering of arsenopyrite in soils in acidified environment
Soukupová, Lenka ; Drahota, Petr (referee) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor)
Lenka Soukupová, Zvětrávání arsenopyritu v lesních půdách v acidifikovaném prostředí SUMMARY The weathering of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) has been studied at the experimental site Načetín in the Ore Mountains, Czech Republic. There were chosen three areas with different vegetation (beech, spruce a unforested areas) at this site. The arsenopyrite samples were placed in all soil horizons (litter, horizons A, B and C for forest areas; horizons A, B and C for unforested area), where they were exposed to ambient conditions for one year. After one-year weathering, the newly formed secondary minerals were identified and the rate of surface oxidation was determined, both depending on the environment of oxidation. Although physical-chemical parameters and content of main and trace elements of the studied soils varied, the only detected crystalline secondary mineral of arsenic was scorodite (FeAsO4∙2H2O). Nevertheless, this differences affected amount of formed scorodite. The highest concentrations were determined on the surface of the arsenopyrite grains that oxidized in the beech stand, conversely the lowest concentrations were determined on the arsenopyrite grains from the unforested area.
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