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Výživové zvyklosti a stravovací preference žáků základních škol
Urbišová, Amálie
This diploma thesis focuses on problems of food consumption at schools in the Czech republic and on eating habits and nutrition preferences of pupils at primary schools. The practical part of thesis introduces an actual statement of eating habits of older children, their satisfaction with services in school cafeteria and their knowledge about healthy nutrition. The thesis explores if there is any influence on children made by program called Healthy School Cafeteria. I made a research by using questionnaires given to 158 respondents. The research was later used for statistic data processing. Data was collec-ted in six primary schools (3 schools with program Healthy School Cafeteria and 3 schools without the program). The thesis compares results of respondents' answers be-tween these two types of school cafeterias. According to results, eating habits, satis-faction with services in school cafeteria and knowledge in healthy nutrition of respon-dents from two different types of school cafeterias are similar. Also, food consumption at school is the second most influential instrument in education of children´s health, especially their knowledge of proper eating habits.
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Potravinové alergie u dětí
Wojnarová, Veronika
Bachelor thesis Food allergies in children deals with the issue of food allergies focusing on children in a specific age. The first part is focused on postnatal period of human development and definition of its stages. It describes children nutrition considering each stage. The second part describes the immune system of human body. There are analyzed differences between food allergies and intolerances development. Next are described various types of food intolerance, their mechanism and possible treatment. The last part focuses on the food allergies development. The most common allergen causing food allergies are described here. Also mechanism of food allergy in human organism, symptomes and possible treatment are described. It is also focused on legislation and regulation of food allergens.
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The impact of nutrition on the growth and development of children
Mádrová, Gabriela ; Szitanyi, Peter (advisor) ; Cabrnochová, Hana (referee)
This thesis deals with an influence of nutrition on growth and development of children. Theoretical part is dealing in details about nutrition facts from an early childhood to adolescence. Practical part of the thesis deals with questionare-research, performed at Prague elementary schools and high school. Number of probands was 192. The total number of girls was 107, 88 girls from elementary schools and 19 from high school. The total number of boys was 85, 58 boys from elementary schools and 27 from high school. Age spectrum was between 10 and 18 years. Questionaire was focused on basic eating habits, which play an important role in presence of overweight and obesity in childhood. At the same time, we evaluated anthropometric parameters - body weight, height and BMI. Keywords: pediatric nutrition, principles of healthy nutrition, alternative nutrition, eating disorders
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Dietetic measures in children with cow's milk intolerance
SOLDÁTOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis focuses on dietary measures for children suffering from intolerance to cow´s milk. This topic is still relevant since there is a continuous increase of children suffering from CMPA or lactose intolerance, and dietary measures serve as the elemental medical treatment. The purpose of the thesis was to become familiar with dietary measures suitable for children who are affected by the illness alongside with symptoms, diagnosis and the course of the intolerance to cow's milk. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical one. The theoretical part describes the proper nutrition for children in the neonatal, infant and toddler age. Futher, it is stated what are the benefits of breastfeeding for both the baby and the mother, and what complications may cause the inability to breastfeed. Futhermore, the thesis describes in detail the composition of breast milk, cow's milk and the distribution of artificial milk. There is also the availability of the artifical milk for the Czech market introduced in the practical part. In addition, there are generally reported adverse reactions to food. In the section of adverse reactions to food I focus mainly on food allergy where I concentrate on CMPA. Simultaneously I focus on food intolerance where I describe lactose intolerance. The qualitative research method was used for the practical part of the work. It was executed with in-depth semi structured interviews with mothers of children suffering from the illness. These interviews consisted of two sets of questions. The first set of questions was aimed to mothers of children with CMPA and the second one to mothers of children with lactose intolerance. The research group contained 5 children from birth to age of 5 from South Bohemia and interviews were held with their mothers. These interviews were conducted anonymously and mothers of the children were identified as respondents no. 1 5. R1, R2 and R3 where mothers of children with CMPA and R4, R5 were mothers of children with lactose intolerance. To find respondents for the research the "snowball" method was used. Based on the goals of the thesis two research questions have been established. The first question dealt with how mothers were familiar with their children's diet and the illness itself. Research also revealed that almost all mothers were not satisfied with the approach of doctors to health problems of their children. Several mothers have even changed doctors. In most cases they searched for detailed information about the illness as well as dietary measures on the internet because the information received from the doctor were insufficient. Finally almost all of them investigated the worsening state of health by themselves serving given food to their children. Using this method the mothers found out whether the given food should have been omitted from the diet. The interviews have shown that all respondents have received at least brief background information from the general practitioner. The second question was, what were the components of diet for children suffering from the illness. In all the interviews, mothers of children with CMPA identically stated that they excluded all of mammalian milk and dairy products from their children's diet. Solely a breastfeeding mother eliminated these food products also from her diet. The research also revealed that all respondents eliminated other potencial allergenic foods from the diet. Two respondents also substituted calcium with tablets in their diet. Mothers of children with lactose intolerance consistently stated that they excluded all food and products that contained lactose from the child's diet and were still looking for what products and foods that could become a part of their child's diet. They also indicated that they had to stop breast-feeding a baby and establish a milk replacement in the form of low lactose artificial milk since their child had had health problems even when exclusive breastfeeding.
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Nutrition of obese young school-age children
ŘEHÁKOVÁ, Michaela
In the present time is obesity very common and a number of people which have this problem is still getting higher. This increasing problem with obesity shoud not be taken lightly, because it has negative effects on overall health of society. The main objectives of bachelor work called "Nutrition of obese young school-age children" was comparing nutrition habits of children before and after visiting with nutrition specialist. Comparison effect of diet when taken seriously, and how parents contribute in problem of children obesity. Work consists of two parts, theoretical and practical. Theoretical part shows basic principles of how to determine the quality of nutrition for children. Nutrition quality with younger school aged children, with daily nutrition schedule and information about children obesity and how to treat it. Practical part was done by qualitative research. Research was done by using dietary records of pediatric patients and interviewing patients and one or both of the parents. Research was done on four obese patients, who was selected based on their graphs. Patients had visited the nutrition specialist twice, so in research are incudet data from each visit with the therapist. From the results, it is obvious that most of obese patients have at least one obese parent. The main problem comes from parents, because they have bad nutrition and exercise habits. Another important finding is that obesity is not caused by higher energy intake, but by choosing bad food and drinks.
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The salt intake in school children´s diet
MIČULKOVÁ, Barbora
It is generally known that the intake of salt in civilized countries has been currently multiple times exceeding the recommended amount that was set by the World Health Organization to less than 5 grams per a day. In Czech Republic this dose has been exceeded up to three times. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the amount of the salt in lunches at school cafeterias in regards to the current nutritional recommendations. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is about importance of sodium and salt in human diet, recommended amount of salt for adults and children, and complications related to its excessive intake. Furthermore it focuses on the occurrence of salt in food, the reduction of the salt in the diet and the nutrition of children. In the practical part I worked with five school canteens in České Budějovice, that provided me with weekly menus along with the list of raw materials and the quantity of salt used in individual lunches. The sodium content was evaluated by the Nutriservis Professional application, in which I inserted the raw materials the lunches were cooked from. According to the equation, I converted the amount of sodium to the amount of salt, added the amount of salt contained in average portion served at school canteens and compared the total amount to 1,7 grams, which is supposed to be in one portion. Based on the results of the verbal evaluation tables, all the school canteens of the research group exceeded the recommended salt limit in all the observed days. Groups of foods that have greatly influenced their high salt content include bakery products, cheeses and meat products. More attention needs to be paid to this subject, on the part of parents, and school canteens.
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Frequency And Quality Assesment of Nourishment of School-age Children - year 4, ZŠ 28. října Česká Lípa primary school
HONZEJKOVÁ, Kateřina
School children nutrition is increasingly the topic of various debates, both in terms of the correct and healthy development of the child, as well as in the prevention of civilization diseases in the later age. My thesis on the topic of "Frequency And Quality Assesment of Nourishment of School-age Children - year 4, ZŠ 28. října Česká Lípa primary school" is divided into two separate parts - the theoretical and research part. The above mentioned theoretical part deals with the essentials of children nutrition of the given age. Emphasis is placed on the individual macro-nutrients, their sources, and recommended doses for children of the given age. Equally important macronutrients, fluids, and fiber are also mentioned alongside with sources and recommended doses. A separate chapter that I chose to include is alternative alimentation that is becoming popular in today's modern society. This is due to better public access to information sources about these diets, as well as, among other things, the growing range of alternative foods such as vegetarian and vegan foods as well as raw products. The research part was conducted both in the form of a quantitative questionnaire and in the form of a qualitative record of the diet kept by a selected group of children. The research group comprised of 83 children in the range of 9 -11years of age attending the above mentioned selected elementary school. The main objective of the thesis was to quantitatively map the frequency of meals for the entire research group of respondents. Additionally, eight selected individuals from the group also underwent a qualitative research focusing on the quality of the diet with an emphasis on macronutrients and salt.
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Analysis of nutrition and care of two years children at Infant Groups and Kindergartens in the district České Budějovice
KLIMEŠOVÁ, Monika
In recent years parents´ requests have been increasing for the inclusion of two-year-old children into pre-school facilities. Due to this fact Infant Groups have started to exist. There will be an amendment of the Education Act that will come into force in 2020. According to the amendment it will be obliged to educate two-year-old children in the pre-schools. A qualitative research survey which was done by means of observations and interviews was used to summarize the results of this diploma thesis. The first aim was to compare the differences between the provision of childcare of two-year-olds in the Kindergartens and the Infant Groups. The main difference between the Kindergartens and the Infant groups lies in lower amount of children in the Infant groups. The number of pedagogical staff is mostly the same that is why it is not possible to take care of two-year-old children individually in the Kindergartens. The second aim was to compare boarding in the Kindergartens and the Infant groups. It was shown that the menu in the Kindergartens is in compliance with the Consumer basket. The menu is evaluated every month. The evaluation is not obligated in the Infant groups therefore variety of menus was assessed on the basis of repetition rate of particular meals in the school canteen per month. The boarding in the Infant groups is comparable to the Kindergartens in most categories including keeping a recommended water intake. Unfortunately, the main courses have been found severe lack of fresh vegetables in offer in the Infant groups.
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Nutrition of School Children
Máchová, Zuzana ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee)
The healthy and right food plays a very important role in everybody's life. It works as a prevention of many diseases of civilization. Good nutrition can contribute to improve life quality. It gives a longer life and we stay more healthy. The most important thing in forming healthy eating habits is our own family. The next important factor is a school where children spend a lot of time. They create their own views and habits there. There are usually canteens at schools which offer some food to pupils. This dissertation is focussed on basic nutrients, education for a healthy lifestyle and the eating habits of pupils from 6 to 16 years at basic schools. I will also look into which food is preferred by pupils - healthy or unhealthy -their eating habits and the ways of their feeding. The aim of my dissertation is to find and evaluate eating habits of children of younger and older school age and detect if these children are interested in what they eat and if we can influence them by edification. In the practical part of my work I'd like to find out through a questionnaire what children at basic school know about healthy nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. The research was done at a peripheral basic school. The questionnaires were given to all pupils of primary and secondary school. The primary school's...
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Monitoring nutritional frequency in obese children and children with physiological weight
SMÉKALOVÁ, Dita
Nourishment plays a very important role in a proper children's development. A diet that is rich in a nutrition is necessary for an optimal physical and mental children's development. A number of children with obesity is constantly increasing, where the age of the child is decreasing. Children's obesity is mainly associated with unhealthy eating habits and lack of exercise. The purpose of the "Monitoring nourishment frequency in obese children and children with physiological weight" study is to determine the nourishment frequency in children with obesity and children with physiological weight. This study is divided into two parts; the theory part and the practical part, where in the first section of the theory part the researcher will discuss main characteristics of school-aged children and also outlines the results from previous studies focusing on school-aged children and their eating habits. The theory part will also focus on main nourishment basics, general principles and recommendations. In the second section the theory part will outline the current review on children's obesity. The practical part of this study used quantitative research technique in form of a questionnaire with aim to collect data regarding nourishment frequency in children. The researcher questioned a sample of 20 children that were divided into two equal samples. The first sample included 10 children with optimal weight according to the Body Mass Index (BMI) calculation and the second sample included 10 children with obesity issues that was also determined by the Body Mass Index (BMI) calculation. After data analysis the researcher determined that the main issues in children's obesity are irregular eating habits. Another factor that has significant influence on children's obesity was lack of physical exercise, where children prefer to spend their free time passively. Significant role plays also a fast food and soft drink consumption by children on a regular basis.
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