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Analysis of changes in the phenotype of tumour cells induced by migrastatics in quantitative phase imaging
Kolínková, Veronika ; Netíková,, Irena Štenglová (referee) ; Veselý, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the observation of living cells using the non-invasive methods of quantitative phase imaging (hiQPI). The imaging is enabled by a coherence-controlled holographic microscope (CCHM) developed in the Laboratory of Experimental Biophotonics at the VUT. Using this imaging technology, morphological changes of A549 and MCF7 after application of potential migrastatic drugs tumor cells are evaluated in the experimental part of the thesis. Migrastatics are defined as already approved drugs that could prevent the migration of cancer cells from the primary tumor and thus prevent metastasis. The RAC-GM (Rapid Assessment of Cell Growth and Migration in Vitro) method was chosen to assess their effect on tumor cells.
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Deep-learning methods for tumor cell segmentation
Špaček, Michal ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Gumulec, Jaromír (advisor)
Automatic segmentation of images, especially microscopic images of cells, opens up new opportunities in cancer research or other practical applications. Recent advances in deep learning have enabled efficient cell segmentation, but automatic segmentation of subcellular regions is still challenging. This work describes the implementation of the U-net neural network for segmentation of cells and subcellular regions without labeling in the pictures of adhering prostate cancer cells, specifically PC-3 and 22Rv1. Using the best-performing approach of all tested, it was possible to distinguish between objects and background with average Jaccard coefficients of 0.71, 0.64 and 0.46 for whole cells, nuclei and nucleoli. Another point was the separation of individual objects, i. e. cells, in the image using the Watershed method. The separation of individual cells resulted in SEG value of 0.41 and AP metric of 0.44.
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Analysis of changes in the phenotype of tumour cells induced by migrastatics in quantitative phase imaging
Kolínková, Veronika ; Netíková,, Irena Štenglová (referee) ; Veselý, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the observation of living cells using the non-invasive methods of quantitative phase imaging (hiQPI). The imaging is enabled by a coherence-controlled holographic microscope (CCHM) developed in the Laboratory of Experimental Biophotonics at the VUT. Using this imaging technology, morphological changes of A549 and MCF7 after application of potential migrastatic drugs tumor cells are evaluated in the experimental part of the thesis. Migrastatics are defined as already approved drugs that could prevent the migration of cancer cells from the primary tumor and thus prevent metastasis. The RAC-GM (Rapid Assessment of Cell Growth and Migration in Vitro) method was chosen to assess their effect on tumor cells.
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Investigation of the molecular mechanisms of elimination of clinically relevant tumors by killer cells of the immune system.
Libigerová, Martina ; Bezouška, Karel (advisor) ; Bosáková, Zuzana (referee)
Carbohydrates have an essentials role in wide range of biological phenomena. It is well known that most of the eukaryotic proteins are glycosylated and that their glycosylation undergoes dynamic changes, nevertheless the biological imperative for these modifications is still not fully understood. However, one area in which the importace of cell surface glycosylation has recently been the subject of active investigations is the tumor plasma membrane biology, where many changes in glycosylation have been found useful for diagnosis, and mostly recent, even for the therapies of malignant disease. Interestingly cell surface glycoconjugates, namely N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides have been found therapeutically attractive for treatment of certain tumors. And although our understanding of the participation of these principal glycan classes in tumorigenesis is far from complete, there are already several examples of carbohydrate-based antitumor vaccines. Therefore, we decided to give this issue more attention, especially the molecular mechanisms responsible for identifying changes in glycosylation of the surface of tumor cells of the immune system. Although in the past in our laboratory identified a receptor-type lectin specific lectin receptors on natural killer cells, very little is yet known...
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Deep-learning methods for tumor cell segmentation
Špaček, Michal ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Gumulec, Jaromír (advisor)
Automatic segmentation of images, especially microscopic images of cells, opens up new opportunities in cancer research or other practical applications. Recent advances in deep learning have enabled efficient cell segmentation, but automatic segmentation of subcellular regions is still challenging. This work describes the implementation of the U-net neural network for segmentation of cells and subcellular regions without labeling in the pictures of adhering prostate cancer cells, specifically PC-3 and 22Rv1. Using the best-performing approach of all tested, it was possible to distinguish between objects and background with average Jaccard coefficients of 0.71, 0.64 and 0.46 for whole cells, nuclei and nucleoli. Another point was the separation of individual objects, i. e. cells, in the image using the Watershed method. The separation of individual cells resulted in SEG value of 0.41 and AP metric of 0.44.
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|
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Investigation of the molecular mechanisms of elimination of clinically relevant tumors by killer cells of the immune system.
Libigerová, Martina ; Bosáková, Zuzana (referee) ; Bezouška, Karel (advisor)
Carbohydrates have an essentials role in wide range of biological phenomena. It is well known that most of the eukaryotic proteins are glycosylated and that their glycosylation undergoes dynamic changes, nevertheless the biological imperative for these modifications is still not fully understood. However, one area in which the importace of cell surface glycosylation has recently been the subject of active investigations is the tumor plasma membrane biology, where many changes in glycosylation have been found useful for diagnosis, and mostly recent, even for the therapies of malignant disease. Interestingly cell surface glycoconjugates, namely N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides have been found therapeutically attractive for treatment of certain tumors. And although our understanding of the participation of these principal glycan classes in tumorigenesis is far from complete, there are already several examples of carbohydrate-based antitumor vaccines. Therefore, we decided to give this issue more attention, especially the molecular mechanisms responsible for identifying changes in glycosylation of the surface of tumor cells of the immune system. Although in the past in our laboratory identified a receptor-type lectin specific lectin receptors on natural killer cells, very little is yet known...
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