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Environmental Aspects of Pyrotechnic Mixtures.
Mešková, Michala ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
The submitted bachelor thesis deals with the study of pyrotechnic compositions and their influence on the health and environment. It explains the nature and ingredients used in pyrotechnic compositions. During burning these compositions release different compounds, toxic or non-toxic into the atmosphere in large quantities. In this work the issue of toxicity of selected alkali, alkaline earth metals and the other harmful metals was explored. The pyrotechnic compositions containing Ba, As, Pb and Cd were investigated in more detail. When burning the pyrotechnic compositions release noxious substances into the air first. Then these substances reach due to wet or dry transport mechanism the other components of the environment and mix with them. These compounds have diverse negative effects both on humans and the environment and other animals.
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Stress responses in Rhodococcus strains
Křenková, Lucie ; Pátek, Miroslav (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
Throughout the evolution, bacteria developed ingenious mechanisms which help them survive and grow in harsh conditions, where extreme temperatures, pH, changing water and osmotic activity occurs. Rhodococcus sp. cope with these conditions so efficiently they are able to grow in the presence of toxic compounds. Large genome of Rhodococcus sp. consists of a great amount of genes involved in a broad spectre of catabolic pathways. To use these skills in biotechnology, it is necessary to know stress response mechanisms well. In response to the changing environment Rhodococcus sp. use transcriptional regulators, two-component system and RNA polymerase sigma factors to tune the expression profiles of the genes. The upregulation of chaperons, chaperonins and proteases is the main pattern followed in most of the stress responses. Vast majority of stress responses is complex and groups of genes to react on them interfere too. Thus, it is very difficult to interpret the data of these studies. However, the great importance of understanding these mechanisms is unquestionable. Key words: stress response, bacteria, Rhodococcus, biotechnology, degradation, toxic compounds, sigma factor
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Plants containing toxic substances in the garden of nursery schools
Pilařová, Kateřina ; Pavlíková, Daniela (advisor) ; Jitka, Jitka (referee)
This thesis is focused on the occurrence of poisonous plants in gardens of nursery schools, assesses the level of danger to children and awareness of teachers who ensure the safety of children during their stay in the nursery schools. Attention is paid to individual groups of plant toxic compounds. Reactions of the organism to their presence, including examples of poisoning caused some of them, and a first aid for intoxications are discussed. Mentioned are the most dangerous plants with possible occurrence in our geographical conditions, and esp. those that can entice children by an attractive appearance of some of their parts (flowers, fruits, etc.). It also includes a statistical analysis of the incidence of poisonous plants in gardens of nursery schools and the awareness of educational supervision. The conclusions of the investigation indicates that in gardens of nursery schools are often found large quantities of various dangerous plants containing toxic substances and children use for their games some parts of such plants. Although the evaluation of the actual toxicity of the plants is very difficult, there's no space for underestimating this danger and it is appropriate that teachers recognize poisonous plants. Toxic plant substances have high biological activity in low doses. This work should serve as a basis for creating material for purposes of public health surveillance in schools and school facilities and manuals directly for the needs of schools, because gardens of nursery schools are due to young age, intellectual capacity and a high number of children the riskiest place for the possibility of poisoning.
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Environmental Aspects of Pyrotechnic Mixtures.
Mešková, Michala ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
The submitted bachelor thesis deals with the study of pyrotechnic compositions and their influence on the health and environment. It explains the nature and ingredients used in pyrotechnic compositions. During burning these compositions release different compounds, toxic or non-toxic into the atmosphere in large quantities. In this work the issue of toxicity of selected alkali, alkaline earth metals and the other harmful metals was explored. The pyrotechnic compositions containing Ba, As, Pb and Cd were investigated in more detail. When burning the pyrotechnic compositions release noxious substances into the air first. Then these substances reach due to wet or dry transport mechanism the other components of the environment and mix with them. These compounds have diverse negative effects both on humans and the environment and other animals.
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