|
|
Application of Selected Methods for Oxidative Stress Analysis
Lízalová, Martina ; Tremlová, Bohuslava (referee) ; Beklová, Miroslava (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Lojek, Antonín (advisor)
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a heterogeneous disease defined as chronic inflammatory changes of the pancreatic tissue caused by variety of aetiologies. Oxidative stress accompanying the inflammatory processes has been suggested as an important factor contributing to CP development. The aim of this study was to determine levels of lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), together with nitrites, the total antioxidant capacity, cytokines, biochemical and haematological parameters in the plasma of patients with CP and control subjects. Levels of MDA and 4-HNE were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The total antioxidant capacity of plasma against peroxyl radicals was evaluated using chemiluminescence determination. Nitrites were determined using Griess reaction. Cytokines - TNF-alfa; TNF RI; PDGF-AB; TGF-beta, together with myeloperoxidase and hyaluronan were determined using ELISA Kits. Biochemical and haematological parameters were measured by standard methods.
|
|
|
Účinky vybraných peptidů na jednobuněčnou řasu Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Avdeeva, Olga
In the presented work, the modified novicidin peptides NVCAA and NVCHH were applied to the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The aim of the study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the tested peptides on Escherichia coli bacteria with subsequent application on the unicellular algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The assessment of the effect of the tested peptides on the algae was carried out using spectrophotometric analyses: chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B content, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity and using the DPPH ASSAY method. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii molecular changes were determined by monitoring the amount of isolated RNA and the expression of APX1, APX2, CAT1, CAT2 genes using the Real-time PCR method. Statistically processed data showed that the application of NVCAA and NVCHH peptides induced considerable stress in the cilia.
|
|
|
Toxicita selenových nanočástic v živočišném organismu
Hledíková, Jana
The aim of this study was to verify the toxicity of selenium nanoparticles in an animal organism. Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. Four groups of rats were fed a monodiet with added SeNP at doses of 0,5; 1,5; 3,0 and 5,0 mg Se/kg per feed dose. The experiment lasted 28 days. During this, the weight of the animals was measured every 7 days (0, 7, 14, 21, 28). After putting to death the animals at the end of the experiment, some blood parameters and histopathology of selected tissues were determined. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose, total protein and albumin were diagnosed in the blood. Blood and liver selenium levels were analyzed and liver function tests were performed. Histopathological evaluation of liver and intestinal tissue was performed. The weight gain of the rats did not show differences between the tested groups. Compared to the control group, the selenium content in the blood and liver increased in the tested groups. However, selenium content in the liver did not increase in the test groups in a dose-dependend manner. No differences in TAC and ALP and AST aktivity were found. A significant reduction in ALT aktivity was observed in the test groups compared to the control group. SOD aktivity was reduced in the SeNP test group with 5 mg Se/kg compared to all other groups. GPx aktivity had a slightly increasing trend depending on the dose of SeNP, but without a significant (p <0,05) effect. Histopathological examination revealed damage to the hepatic parenchyma and intestinal epithelium that was dose-dependend on SeNP. From this study, it can be concluded that short-term supplementation of SeNP may be safe and beneficial, for example in selenium deficiency or for therapeutic purposes.
|
|
|
Application of Selected Methods for Oxidative Stress Analysis
Lízalová, Martina ; Tremlová, Bohuslava (referee) ; Beklová, Miroslava (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Lojek, Antonín (advisor)
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a heterogeneous disease defined as chronic inflammatory changes of the pancreatic tissue caused by variety of aetiologies. Oxidative stress accompanying the inflammatory processes has been suggested as an important factor contributing to CP development. The aim of this study was to determine levels of lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), together with nitrites, the total antioxidant capacity, cytokines, biochemical and haematological parameters in the plasma of patients with CP and control subjects. Levels of MDA and 4-HNE were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The total antioxidant capacity of plasma against peroxyl radicals was evaluated using chemiluminescence determination. Nitrites were determined using Griess reaction. Cytokines - TNF-alfa; TNF RI; PDGF-AB; TGF-beta, together with myeloperoxidase and hyaluronan were determined using ELISA Kits. Biochemical and haematological parameters were measured by standard methods.
|
|
|
Determination of vitamin C in cornelian cherry
Palová, Petra ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
This thesis deals with determination of content of vitamin C in various types of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.). Some basic information about Cornus mas L. and its various types are described in the literary part of this thesis. The summary of important components present at fruit and some possibilities of processing and utilization are described here too. Various methods of determination of vitamin C are presented at the end of the literary part. The main result of the experimental part of this thesis is the comparison of content of vitamin C in various types of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.). Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography was used as the main method. HPLC method of determination of vitamin C in various types of Cornus mas L. was completed with the orientation titration. Then total antioxidant capacity of fruit was evaluated by using of reaction of extracts of fruit with stable radical DPPH. The biggest amount of vitamin C was determined in the Fruchtal variety. The biggest total antioxidant capacity was determined in the Vydubecký variety.
|
guest ::
