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Proliferace a dynamika tkání během vývoje zubů a jim pribuzných patrových lišt
Rothová, Michaela ; Peterková, Renata (advisor) ; Matalová, Eva (referee) ; Černý, Robert (referee)
My PhD thesis has addressed specific questions regarding cell proliferation and tissue dynamics in three key areas of craniofacial development: during suppression and revitalization of tooth buds that develop in the mouse embryonic dentition as rudiments of lost premolars; during dental papilla and follicle formation of the first mouse molar; and during origin of palatal rugae on the mouse hard palate. By evaluation of cell proliferation, we recorded a change in the proliferation pattern along the cheek region of the mandible between less and more advanced embryos at embryonic day 13.5. Thus during the time period, when the development of the large mouse rudimental premolar primordium (R2) is stopped, we showed that the arrest of the rudiment R2 is caused by exhibiting low rate of cell proliferation and high rate of apoptosis. When Sprouty gene signalling is disrupted, the premolar primordium shows rates of proliferation and apoptosis similar to the growing first molar. The R2 subsequently revitalizes and develops into a supernumerary tooth in front of the first molar. Furthermore, we discovered that the dental mesenchyme is very dynamic tissue during bud and cap stages of tooth development and that the dental papilla of the first molar originates only from a restricted region of the dental...
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Early tooth development of Tabby mice
Smrčková, Lucie ; Peterková, Renata (advisor) ; Černý, Robert (referee)
The developing mouse dentition is a very useful tool to study molecular regulation of odontogenesis and also organogenesis. The embryonic mouse dentition comprises developing functional tooth primordia as well as rudimentary tooth primordia. These rudiments arrest their growth during development and either degenerate or become a part of a functional tooth. Mice with gene defects also allow elucidation of a function of genes, their products and signalling pathways. The protein ectodysplasin is essential for development of ectodermal derivatives - skin, hair, glands and teeth. The Tabby mice have a mutation in the Eda gene, which encodes the protein ectodysplasin, and they display a number of dentition anomalies. Early development of the lower jaw dentition in Tabby embryos has been already morphologically described. As a prerequisite for understanding regulatory mechanisms of odontogenesis in Tabby mice, it is also necessary to map the spatiotemporal dynamics of signalling centres that express Shh in both the rudimentary and functional tooth primordia. The aim of this thesis was to compare the signalling centres based on the Shh expression and its spatiotemporal dynamics in the lower jaw of Tabby and WT mouse embryos. Then the Shh data were correlated with known morphological data to clarify the...
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Morphological variability of the incisor in mutant mice
Lochovská, Kateřina ; Churavá, Svatava (referee) ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor)
Myš je nejfrekventovaněji používaným experimentálním modelovým organismem pro studium vývoje zubů. Myší funkční dentice obsahuje jeden řezák oddělený od tří molárů dlouhou bezzubou diastemou v každém čelistním kvadrantu. Cílem této práce bylo shrnout poznatky o myší dentici a jejím vývoji se zaměřením na myší řezáky a jejich patologie. Myší řezák je díky svým vlastnostem jedinečným zubem. Charakteristickou vlastností hlodavců jsou právě kontinuálně rostoucí řezáky. Tyto řezáky jsou pokryté sklovinou pouze na labiální straně. Lingvální povrch je tvořen pouze dentinem. Toto je spojeno s asymetrickou abrazí. Nicméně je také častým cílem mutací, ať už v podobě delece nebo jiné modifikace genů. Tyto mutace dentálních signálních drah jsou studovány na mutantních myších jako jsou například Tabby myši, Sprouty nebo Small eye (Sey) mutantní myši a mnoho dalších. Některé mutace jsou homologní k lidským onemocněním. Například X-vázaný tabby (Ta) syndrom u myší je považován za homolog hypohidrotické ektodermální dysplásie (HED) u lidí. Tato mutace napadá velikost řezáku, jeho tvar a pozici stejně jako cytodiferenciaci. Dále se může objevit hypodoncie, anodoncie nebo nějaké morfologické změny napadající ostatní existující zuby. Abnormality v počtu, velikosti a tvaru zubu byly dobře zdokumentovány v lidské...
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Tooth Clasification on Jaw 3D Polygonal Model
Hulík, Rostislav ; Španěl, Michal (referee) ; Kršek, Přemysl (advisor)
This document discusses a solution for tooth classification on 3D jaw polygonal model. Sequentially, I describe techniques for representation and browsing of polygonal model saved in computer memory, techniques for dental curve detection and finally, creation of surface representing approximated tooth plane. After it, I analyze possibilities of height map creation from jaw model which helps in tooth classification in the scope of entire dental curve context and, as a last step, final detection of these teeth in two dimensions. In the same time, I discuss 3D polygonal model segmentation for border extraction, which separates teeth from the rest of the model. In the end of proposed algorithm, I join these two runs into one final detection and classification process of separate teeth, so presented application can automatically indentify and classify teeth to corresponding names and positions with a minimum user interaction. In a second half of this document, I describe implemented solution. According to primary goal, I propose these techniques forcefully to multiplatform approach and maximal user comfort.
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Tooth Detection on Jaw 3D Computer Polygonal Model
Hulík, Rostislav ; Španěl, Michal (referee) ; Kršek, Přemysl (advisor)
This document discusses a concept and implementation of algorithms for teeth detection on 3D polygonal jaw model. At first, I describe possible shape detection techniques on three dimensional computer model, including utilization just in my case. After it, I analyze filtration problems of obtained model segments in order to reliably separate regions of tooth-arch from the rest of jaw. I included all these pieces of knowledge into a final application. Here, it is possible to choose from two user interfaces, first, classic user interface which demonstrates possible utilization in real world and second, testing interface which demonstrates functions of each detection and filtration method used in program and their effect on detection. Application is written in C++ language in development environment of MS Visual Studio 2005 and compiled with MS VS internal compiler. Tested was under MS Windows XP and MS Windows Vista OS.
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Positive displacement pump design
Poprac, Martin ; Sluše, Jan (referee) ; Klas, Roman (advisor)
This bachelor work is about basic types of positive displacement pumps, focused on their design, advantages and disadvantages and their applications. In the second part of the work we are focused on the possibilities of reducing noise levels of some types of positive displacement pumps. The whole work consists of many pictures and diagrams for the better understanding.
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The level of dental hygiene for students at the Faculty of Education at South Bohemia University in Czech Budweis
VESELÁ, Helena
The topic of the dental hygiene is presently current for all ages and it is attached more and more importance. Therefore, this bachelor thesis maps the level of knowledge about dental hygiene and respect for the rule preventing oral disease among students of Faculty of Education University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. It consists of a theoretical part, which deals with dentistry, dental hygiene, anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity. This part also informs about the pathogenesis of dental caries and periodontal diseases of the oral cavity. The theoretical part also deals with primary and secondary prevention, which has a large impact on reducing the incidence of diseases of the dental apparatus. The practical part focuses on the awareness of students of the Faculty of Education in dental hygiene and primary prevention of diseases of the oral cavity with the help of questionnaires. Evaluated questionnaires were processed in graphs and tables together with the verbal commentary that speaks about awareness regarding dental hygiene and the primary prevention of periodontal diseases among students of the Faculty of Education University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. Another aim of the work was based on a questionnaire survey suggest an educational program for college students. The main theme of this program is the dental hygiene and the best practices to promote good dental hygiene habits and the prevention of diseases of the oral cavity.
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Description of dental injuries in adolescent boys in micro České Budějovice and design of health educational material.
ČAPKOVÁ, Martina
Stomatology is a medical specialization which deals with prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries of orofacial system. If we want to have clean and healthy teeth without ache, gingivitis and other problems, we have to take care of our teeth properly. To do so effectivly, we need to have konwledge of tooth structure and development. Dentists meet tooth injuries very often, nowadays dental traumatology is considered as a specific stomatology specialization. Even separate international conventions are organizaed to discuss with this topic. Prothetic dentistry deals with tooth replacement in such cases when teeth are demaged by dental caries, injury or other reasons. By using prothetics it is possible to replace individual tooth, its part or groups of missing teeth and even complete all teeth into entirely toothless jaw. Today´s trend is leading towards to usage of fixed replacements, which are considered as the best solution from both views, esthetic and functional. Theoretical part deals with tooth anatomy, individual injuries, their diangnosis and treatment, esthetic solutions after tooth injuries, dental hygiene and first aid when teeth injured. Pratical part presents reults of the most common tooth injuries, their causes, their impacts on human health and if injuries affect dental hygiene.
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Microstructure of a tribosphenic molar - comparative analysis
ŠPOUTIL, František
The proposed thesis concerns in the study of tribosphenic molar, the key apomorphy of mammalian clade, mainly in structure and development of its enamel coat. As the main model species served us European vespertilionid bat Myotis myotis. The aims of this thesis are: (1) to describe structure and microstructure of enamel in tribosphenic molars in detail; (2) to compare it with unicuspid teeth of the same dentition; (3) to describe mineralization process and enamel maturation in insectivorous dentition; (4) to describe late odontogenesis in molars of insectivorous dentition and its interlacing with enamel maturation, and how they come to occlusion.
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Pubescent Dental Hygiene Education
MÁČALÍKOVÁ, Andrea
This bachelor thesis deals with the stance of pubescent to oral hygiene. Theoretical part aims at the anatomy and physiology of buccal cavity, psychology of pubescent youths and next most frequent teeth troubles, such as caries, pulpitis and parodontosis. Their primary etiology, diagnostic, therapy and prevention are described. The noticeable part is devoted to oral hygiene, its resources, methods of teeth cleaning and prevention also. Practical part describes monitoring of the work of dental hygienist with dental braces and her contribution to the overall state of the dental. The empirical part of this study was realized by questionnaires. Required information, in sphere of oral hygiene from respondents, is included in experimental part of the work. Obtained information is turned into graphs which made the result of stance of pubescent to oral hygiene. The framework of results is a key for putting together the enlightenment leaflets focused onto the target group, as well as education program for second degree of the elementary school.
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