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Toxicity of nitroderivatives of toluene and products of their transformations
Marcelová, Štěpánka ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Bednařík, Karel (advisor)
This work is focused on verification of p-Nitrotoluenu toxicity and compounds resulting from the aerobic transformation, and methyl group oxidation and reduction of nitro. Some of these products are not commercially available and had to be made soon. Toxicity of the substances was determined by toxicity tests. Were tested root growth inhibition Sinapis alba, which resulted in an inhibitory concentration IC50; test inhibition duckweed Lemna minor , which was also the determination of IC50 inhibitory concentration, and acute toxicity test Artemia salina, which was observed in mortality and immobility organisms and the test result was an efficient concentration EC50 value. Results of tests are compared in the conclusion of the work and is made evaluation of the toxicity of individual substances.
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Benzene in petroleum-derived products and health protection
Bílková, Karolina ; Kořínek, Pavel (referee) ; Stránský,, Vladimír (advisor)
Benzene is very toxic compound, which has carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. Result of these effects is significant reduction of its use and also low hygienic limits in occupational environment and environment. The aim of this diploma thesis was to map out possible exposure to benzene and checking of clasification correctness of motor gasoline and benzine (cleaners, thinners etc.). Determination of benzene was carried out by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detector (GC/FID) and high performance liquid chromatography with diod array detector (HPLC/DAD). Marginally, the diploma thesis was focused on determination of toluene (in june 2007 became effective ordinance no.284/2006 Sb., which forbid to sell products that contain more than 0,1 % of toluene to small consumers). Toluene was determined by same methods as benzene.
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Optimization of photochemical hydrogen peroxide preparation
Mesnerová, Iveta ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (advisor) ; Kotoučová, Hana (referee)
The thesis topic: Optimization of photochemical preparation of hydrogen peroxide for laboratory of inorganic chemistry Abstract: This Bachelor thesis deals with compound of hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen peroxide. The theoretical part of thesis deals with basic physical and chemical characteristic of hydrogen peroxide, its preparation and last but not the least its production. The practical part of thesis deals with two main laboratoř preparations of hydrogen peroxide. First, from barium peroxide sequential reaction with hydrochloric acid, sulphuric, carbonate leader. Second, from anthraquinone dissolved in toluene by photochemical reduction isopropylalcohol and following oxidation mixture of air oxygen. The aim of thesis is implementation of those two methods, finding out the pros and cons and their comparison mainly from the point of preparation effectivness and possibility of use in laboratories of inorganic chemistry. Keywords: hydrogen peroxide, anthraquinone, photochemical reduction, toluene, isopropylalcohol
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New sampling approaches for evaluation of real remediation studies
Kroupová, Kristýna ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Innemanová, Petra (referee)
This diploma thesis has been carried out as a part of the project Utilization of long term (passive) sampling methods combined with in situ microcosms for assessment of (bio)degradation potential (PASSES). In the frame of the project groundwater remediation took place in the premises of Farmak a.s. in Olomouc using a pilot photooxidation unit and efficiency of the remediation was monitored through passive and active sampling methods. Pilot photooxidation unit is a technology based on the H2O2/UV-C photochemical oxidation of organic pollutants. In this work optimization tests of the pilot photooxidation unit were performed. The residence time of the groundwater in the photoreactors, required for its sufficient decontamination from pharmaceuticals and aromatic hydrocarbons, was 2.5 hours. 91% degradation of the pharmaceuticals and 80% degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons were reached during this interval. Although the removal efficiency of the pharmaceuticals by the photooxidation unit was high, the pilot photooxidation unit was not able to effectively remove the pharmaceuticals at the studied locality. By comparing the results of the pharmaceuticals from active and passive groundwater sampling during the remediation attempt, passive Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) was found to be...
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Optimization of photochemical hydrogen peroxide preparation
Mesnerová, Iveta ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (advisor) ; Kotoučová, Hana (referee)
The thesis topic: Optimization of photochemical preparation of hydrogen peroxide for laboratory of inorganic chemistry Abstract: This Bachelor thesis deals with compound of hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen peroxide. The theoretical part of thesis deals with basic physical and chemical characteristic of hydrogen peroxide, its preparation and last but not the least its production. The practical part of thesis deals with two main laboratoř preparations of hydrogen peroxide. First, from barium peroxide sequential reaction with hydrochloric acid, sulphuric, carbonate leader. Second, from anthraquinone dissolved in toluene by photochemical reduction isopropylalcohol and following oxidation mixture of air oxygen. The aim of thesis is implementation of those two methods, finding out the pros and cons and their comparison mainly from the point of preparation effectivness and possibility of use in laboratories of inorganic chemistry. Keywords: hydrogen peroxide, anthraquinone, photochemical reduction, toluene, isopropylalcohol
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Toxicity of nitroderivatives of toluene and products of their transformations
Marcelová, Štěpánka ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Bednařík, Karel (advisor)
This work is focused on verification of p-Nitrotoluenu toxicity and compounds resulting from the aerobic transformation, and methyl group oxidation and reduction of nitro. Some of these products are not commercially available and had to be made soon. Toxicity of the substances was determined by toxicity tests. Were tested root growth inhibition Sinapis alba, which resulted in an inhibitory concentration IC50; test inhibition duckweed Lemna minor , which was also the determination of IC50 inhibitory concentration, and acute toxicity test Artemia salina, which was observed in mortality and immobility organisms and the test result was an efficient concentration EC50 value. Results of tests are compared in the conclusion of the work and is made evaluation of the toxicity of individual substances.
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Benzene in petroleum-derived products and health protection
Bílková, Karolina ; Kořínek, Pavel (referee) ; Stránský,, Vladimír (advisor)
Benzene is very toxic compound, which has carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. Result of these effects is significant reduction of its use and also low hygienic limits in occupational environment and environment. The aim of this diploma thesis was to map out possible exposure to benzene and checking of clasification correctness of motor gasoline and benzine (cleaners, thinners etc.). Determination of benzene was carried out by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detector (GC/FID) and high performance liquid chromatography with diod array detector (HPLC/DAD). Marginally, the diploma thesis was focused on determination of toluene (in june 2007 became effective ordinance no.284/2006 Sb., which forbid to sell products that contain more than 0,1 % of toluene to small consumers). Toluene was determined by same methods as benzene.
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