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Study of drug interactions with OATP family transporters using intestinal tissue slices
Čečková, Patrícia ; Vokřál, Ivan (advisor) ; Červený, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Patrícia Čečková Supervisor: PharmDr. Ivan Vokřál, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of drug interactions with OATP family transporters using intestinal tissue slices An essential role in the action of orally administered drugs is their absorption through the intestinal barrier. It expresses a variety of transporters, including the OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 influx transporters, belonging to the SLC family. They are located on the apical membrane of enterocytes and allow the flow of endogenous and exogenous substances from the lumen of the intestines to the enterocyte. They affect not only the pharmacokinetics of drugs, but also their safety and efficacy. They represent sites of drug interactions with other drugs/food components that may altered drug efficacy or toxicity. Since FDA (The Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicines Agency) do not have intestinal OATP transporters included in their guidelines for preclinical studies, there is no single model of interaction study. The limitations of cell models and genetically modified organisms lead to the development of new methods such as the ex vivo method of precision cut intestinal slices (PCIS), which represents a tissue model...
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Study of drug interactions with OATP family transporters using intestinal tissue slices
Čečková, Patrícia ; Vokřál, Ivan (advisor) ; Červený, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Patrícia Čečková Supervisor: PharmDr. Ivan Vokřál, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of drug interactions with OATP family transporters using intestinal tissue slices An essential role in the action of orally administered drugs is their absorption through the intestinal barrier. It expresses a variety of transporters, including the OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 influx transporters, belonging to the SLC family. They are located on the apical membrane of enterocytes and allow the flow of endogenous and exogenous substances from the lumen of the intestines to the enterocyte. They affect not only the pharmacokinetics of drugs, but also their safety and efficacy. They represent sites of drug interactions with other drugs/food components that may altered drug efficacy or toxicity. Since FDA (The Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicines Agency) do not have intestinal OATP transporters included in their guidelines for preclinical studies, there is no single model of interaction study. The limitations of cell models and genetically modified organisms lead to the development of new methods such as the ex vivo method of precision cut intestinal slices (PCIS), which represents a tissue model...
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Study of drug interactions with OATP family transporters using intestinal tissue slices
Čečková, Patrícia ; Vokřál, Ivan (advisor) ; Červený, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Patrícia Čečková Supervisor: PharmDr. Ivan Vokřál, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of drug interactions with OATP family transporters using intestinal tissue slices An essential role in the action of orally administered drugs is their absorption through the intestinal barrier. It expresses a variety of transporters, including the OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 influx transporters, belonging to the SLC family. They are located on the apical membrane of enterocytes and allow the flow of endogenous and exogenous substances from the lumen of the intestines to the enterocyte. They affect not only the pharmacokinetics of drugs, but also their safety and efficacy. They represent sites of drug interactions with other drugs/food components that may altered drug efficacy or toxicity. Since FDA (The Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicines Agency) do not have intestinal OATP transporters included in their guidelines for preclinical studies, there is no single model of interaction study. The limitations of cell models and genetically modified organisms lead to the development of new methods such as the ex vivo method of precision cut intestinal slices (PCIS), which represents a tissue model...
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Volume-regulated anion channels in astrocytes- in vitro and in situ analysis
Harantová, Lenka ; Anděrová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Vargová, Lýdia (referee)
Astrocytes need to preserve constant volume in the face of osmolarity perturbations to function properly. To regain their original volume after hyposmotically induced swelling, they extrude intracellular electrolytes and organic osmolytes, such as inorganic ions, excitative amino acids or polyols, accompanied by osmotically driven water. This process is termed regulatory volume decrease and is ensured by various ion channels and transporters. Recently, much attention has been focused on the ubiquitous volume-regulated anion channels activated by cell swelling. VRACs are moderately outwardly rectifying with intermediary conductance, permeable to inorganic anions and organic osmolytes and sensitive to broad-spectrum anion channels blockers. Using patch-clamp technique we aimed to characterize VRACs in cultured cortical astrocytes isolated from neonatal Wistar rats and to elucidate the effect of intracellular Na+ on VRAC activity. In addition, we also intended to characterize these channels in situ in brain slices of 10 - 12 days old rats, focusing mainly on hippocampal astrocytes. To induce astrocytic swelling, we exposed astrocytes to hypotonic solution (250 mOsm). In agreement with previous findings, we showed that cultured cortical astrocytes activate VRAC currents upon exposure to hypotonic stress, which...
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