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Postoperative nursing care in patients after minor urological procedures
VÁVROVÁ, Eliška
The diploma thesis deals with postoperative nursing care in patients after minor urological procedures. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part presents the importance of urology, endoscopy in urology, the nursing process in postoperative care after small urological procedures and teamwork as an integral part of the urology department. The practical part of the thesis was carried out by qualitative research, the technique of participant observation of nurses and the technique of data collection of semi-structured interview with patients. Six nurses working in the urology department participated in the participant observation. The interview was conducted with six patients after a small urological procedure until the theoretical sample was completely saturated. The analysis and processing of the data was carried out using the open coding method, using the "pen and paper" technique. Subsequently, the obtained codes were processed into individual categories and subcategories.Three goals were set in the diploma thesis. The first objective was to find out what is the role of the nurse in postoperative care in patients after minor urological procedures. Then to map the specifics of postoperative nursing care in patients after minor urological procedures. The third objective was to find out how patients perceive the care of nurses after minor urological procedures. The analysis of the data of the research showed that the role of nurses is an integral part of the provision of postoperative care after minor urological procedures. Their individual approach, expertise and empathy play a significant role in the postoperative recovery of patients. Improving communication between the nurse and the patient is also an important factor. The results suggest that patient susceptibility to minor urological procedures is associated with interpersonal skills and the ability to provide quality care, which significantly affects overall patient satisfaction.
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The role of the nurse in preventive care in the context of history
ŠAFRÁNKOVÁ, Tereza
The Diploma Thesis has a theoretical character and is prepared as a historical-analytical study. The aim of the thesis was to describe the development of preventive care and the development of the role of the nurse in preventive care in the Czech Republic based on the interpretation of texts available literature and resources through the method of textual hermeneutics. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to set four research questions: How did preventive care in the Czech Republic evolve? Which factors influenced the development of preventive care in the Czech Republic? How has the role of the nurse in preventive care in the Czech Republic evolved? How have the competencies of the nurse in preventive care in the Czech Republic changed? Through these research questions, have been achieved the following results. Preventive care in the Czech Republic has began to develop from the very beginning of civilization and has passed throught many changes over the history, in conformity with the development of scientific and technological knowledge, the development of society, the philosophy of life, and also in conformity with the development of medicine and nursing. However, some elements of preventive care that we may encountered in ancient times are still in place today, and current preventive care is based on them. The key factors influencing the development of preventive care and the role of the nurse in preventive care were: the emergence of the first civilizations and the gradual settlement of areas; the beginning of the spread of the first diseases and epidemics; the influence of religion and the church; socio-economic conditions at the time; wars; political situations and legislation of the time; the discovery of smallpox vaccination; prominent figures - F. Nightingale, N. I. Pirogov, H. Dunant, E. Jenner, whose actions contributed to the development of preventive care; and World Health Organization. The role of the nurse in preventive care has evolved along with nursing as well as medicine, which passed throught many changes over the history. In the area of preventive care, the role of the nurse changed here based on their education, increasing competences, as well as the need for preventive care at any given time. Nurses competences in preventive care passed throught a considerable transformation over the history. We can notice the same competences in the hisotry and present. We can say that the current competencies of a nurse in preventive care are based on the competencies which she had previously, but they are already modified to society's current needs. The reventive care has become an inseparable part of the nursing profession.
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Providing specialized palliative nursing care in the home environment
ZIMOLOVÁ, Linda
This bachelor's thesis is focused on specialized palliative nursing care and deals with providing palliative nursing care to patients at home environment. It focuses on the specifics of care and the needs of the patients, including the needs of their families. The goal of the research was to find out what the most common activities nurses conduct when providing palliative nursing care. Other goals of this work were to search for the possibilities of developing specialized palliative nursing care from the viewpoint of nurses and to find out what obstacles nurses encounter when providing specialized home palliative nursing care. Last but not least, this thesis shows the coordination of a multidisciplinary team providing specialized palliative care in the home environment. Methodology and research sample selection: To meet the goals, data were collected through a semi-structured interview with nurses who provide specialized palliative care in mobile hospices. The research group consisted of a total of eight nurses. Data were analyzed using an open coding, pencil-and-paper method. Data analysis resulted in 5 categories and 9 subcategories. Results: From the results of the research investigation, show that a nurse providing specialized palliative care in the home environment ensures the role of a nursing care provider, educator, manager and change agent. She is one of the most important multidisciplinary team members and also the main person between the doctor and the client. Furthermore, it was found that despite the great physical and psychological demands of this profession, none of the nurses subjectively felt signs of burnout. We found that despite the profession's many physical and psychological demands, no nurse experiences burnout syndrome. Nurses see the development of specialized palliative care in the amendment of legislation, education of society, especially in general practitioner offices, and in better cooperation with insurance companies. Results for practice: The results can serve as study material for students and female students of the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of the University of South Bohemia, and the information can be useful in making decisions and choosing a career in home care.
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The role of the nurse in patients with urinary incontinence
PONERTOVÁ, Magdaléna
Urinary incontinence is a common disease that is often underestimated. Patient education is very important for early detection of possible complications in patients with urinary incontinence. The bachelor's thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the anatomy and physiology of the lower urinary tract, general information about urinary incontinence, examination methods, treatment, the nurse's role, prevention, education, and finally the most common nursing diagnoses are mentioned. The aim of the empirical part was to find out what the nurse's role is in patients with urinary incontinence, what nursing diagnoses nurses make in patients with urinary incontinence, and what incontinence aids nurses use in nursing care for patients with urinary incontinence. The research was focused on nurses working in the urology department, namely in the ambulatory department, the inpatient department and the Intensive Care Unit. In total, three research questions were established for this research. The research investigation was carried out in the form of semi-structured interviews. The research group consisted of 10 nurses. From the obtained data, it was found that the role of the nurse in the ambulatory part of the urology department, the standard inpatient department and the Intensive Care Unit is different. Furthermore, the research showed that nurses in the Intensive Care Unit do not instruct patients and do not give patients information about the possibilities of using compensatory aids. We also found out that nurses in the ambulatory part of the urology department cannot hand out information brochures to patients without a doctor's indication. On the other hand, the nurses of the inpatient wards can hand out information brochures at their discretion. At the same time, nurses working in the Intensive Care Unit have a smaller number of information brochures at their disposal and only hand them to patients if the patient shows interest. Furthermore, we found that very few nurses make nursing diagnoses.The output of the bachelor thesis is an informative brochure. It can be beneficial not only for nurses and students of medical fields, but also for patients, who can raise awareness about the problem of urinary incontinence.
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Evaluation of the availability and quality of hospice home care in the area of Jindřichův Hradec´s region from the perspective of patients and nurses
ŠABOUKOVÁ, Alžběta
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of hospice services in the selected area of Jindřichův Hradec, with a focus on the roles of nurses in field hospice services, the coverage of these services and the behavior of employers in supporting the mental health of nurses in hospice care. Palliative care in field forms is a developing sector of global health with an expected rise. In the theoretical part of the thesis, issues related to hospice and palliative care, such as its history and present, legislative framework and financing, are explained. The thesis aims to clarify how the roles of nurses differ in hospice care provided by a home care agency and in a multidisciplinary mobile hospice group, to further analyze the structure of palliative care provision in a selected area and to describe the activities of providers to work with the mental health of their employees. In the practical part of the work, research was carried out using qualitative method of using semi-structured interviews. A total of 14 respondents participated in the research from groups of nurses, managers of palliative services in the selected area and caregivers or patients under the care of hospice providers. The results of the research revealed an overlap of the roles of nurses in both forms of hospice care. The research finds the difference in the characteristics and personality traits of nurses and the concept of care provided. The thesis presented the structure of the provision of hospice services, where research points to the insufficient availability and unprofitability of specialized services in sparsely populated areas of the selected area. The bachelor's thesis describes activities to improve the mental health of nurses in hospice services. The research finds an underestimation of these activities by home care agencies and the Czech healthcare system as a whole. The conclusions of the bachelor's thesis can serve especially for administrative authorities, providers and nurses interested in hospice care.
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The Role of Nurse of Patient after Kidney Transplantation
ŠEVČÍKOVÁ, Tereza
The diploma thesis sets two goals: 1. To find out the role of the nurse in postoperative care of a patient after a kidney transplant. 2. To map the specifics of nursing care for patients after kidney transplantation. Therefore, in order to meet the goals, four research questions were set: 1. What is the role of the nurse in postoperative care of a patient after a kidney transplant? 2. How does the role of a nurse in the postoperative period in a patient after a kidney transplant differ from postoperative care of the patient to another abdominal operation? 3. How does the role of a nurse in the postoperative period differ in a kidney transplant patient after another abdominal surgery in the standard ward and in the ICU? 4. What are the differences in the postoperative nursing care of a patient after a kidney transplant and the postoperative care of a patient after another abdominal surgery in the first days after the operation? The theoretical part of the work is divided into individual chapters, which describe the history and development of kidney transplantation, indications and contraindications of kidney transplantation, organ donation and inclusion on the waiting list, surgical techniques of transplantation and postoperative complications, immunosuppression and specifics of postoperative care and the effect of transplantation on pregnancy. Furthermore, the theoretical part deals with the history and modern view of the roles of nurses, the relationship between nurse and patient and finally the role of nurses in surgical fields. The practical part of the diploma thesis is processed by a qualitative method in the form of a semi-structured interview. The interview was conducted on the basis of pre-prepared questions with ten general nurses working in the inpatient department and intensive care unit of Transplant Surgery at IKEM. The analysis of the interviews took place in the form of "paper-pencil" and the method of open coding. All interviewed nurses refused to record the interviews in the form of an audio recording, which was respected. The results were divided into categories. The work should provide a comprehensive view of patient care in the postoperative period after kidney transplantation, describe its complexity and the differences between patient care after normal abdominal surgery and after transplantation. It can be used as a teaching material.
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Educational role of a nurse with specialized qualifications
PRENEROVÁ, Andrea
This diploma thesis entitled "The educational role of a nurse with specialized competence" focuses on the issue of patient education during the entire nursing process.The following goals were set: 1. To compare the educational role of a nurse by nurses with a selected type of specialized competence (practicing nurse for perioperative care,nurse for surgical care, nurse for intensive care). 2. To chart the difference in the educational role of nurses with specialized competence and nurses without specialized competence in the operating room.The theoretical part of the work is divided into individual chapters, which describe general concepts of education, educational process, forms and methods of education,learning. The next chapters are focused on the educational role of the nurse,communication in the educational process, principles and techniques of proper communication and also a very important topic: barriers in communication.A qualitative research survey was chosen to develop the practical part using the query method. A semi-structured interview technique with predetermined open questions was used. Interviews were conducted with nurses with the selected type of specialization and nurses without specialized qualifications. The results were divided into categories.The results of the research can be used to create methodological recommendations for patient education in preoperative, perioperative and postoperative care.
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Role of the midwife in adaptation of the newborn after the birth.
MATÝSOVÁ, Monika
This diploma thesis deals with the role of the child nurse in the adaptation of the newborn after delivery.In the theoretical part we devote to the available scientific knowledge focused on the course of pregnancy, the way of giving birth (vaginal and operative), assessment of postnatal adaptation of the newborn, breastfeeding and its importance. The essential part is mapping the role of child nurse in newborn care using the NOC system to evaluate their postnatal adaptation. The Czech and foreign literary sources were used for the theoretical part of the diploma thesis. The first aim of the diploma thesis was a detailed mapping of the role of the child nurse in postnatal adaptation of the newborn after physiological and operative delivery. Two research questions have been selected for its solution. The first research question was, what Apgar values the newborns show after the physiological and operative delivery. The second research question was the success of the first application of the newborn to breastfeeding within 30 minutes after physiological and operative delivery. The second aim of this diploma thesis was to verify the classification of the NOC on the evaluation of the newborn adaptation. For the solution, a research question has been determined, what is the opinion of nurses on the use of the NOC classification system in postnatal adaptation. For the empirical part of the research we have chosen a qualitatively quantitative strategy. Observation, individual semi-structured interviews with nurses and written filling of NOC classification system forms were used for data collection. The first research group was 10 newborns after the physiological - vaginal delivery and 10 newborns after the operative delivery by Caesarean section. The second research group consisted of 2 child nurses working with neonates as part of postnatal adaptation in Hospital Jihlava. Analyzing and interpreting the obtained results, we found out that newborns born by vaginal delivery had an average Apgar score of 8.03 and newborns born by Caesarean section had an average Apgar score of 9.50. The average values of the indicators in the NOC classification system code 0118 The adaptation of the newborn showed slightly poorer results after vaginal deliveries. Two groups of newborns that we followed did not match the generally expected results. Newborns after the Caesarean section are threatened by risk factors, but due to careful nursing care and gentle childbirth, such a risk does not occur and the process of postnatal adaptation can be successful. In the NOC classification system code 1000 Beginning of breastfeeding child showed the indicators at vaginal deliveries, at least 8 feedings per day and infant satisfaction after feeding, better results. In the NOC classification system code 1001 Beginning of breastfeeding mother the average values of breast suction indicators and satisfaction with the breastfeeding process resulted better in favour of neonates born vaginally compared to neonates after Caesarean section. As regards the success of the first feeding of neonates to breastfeeding within 30 minutes after delivery, a clearly superior result was obtained for newborns born vaginally. The conclusions drawn from our research in relation to child breastfeeding by mother confirm the clear benefit of vaginal births for the successful adaptation of newborns. A child nurse undoubtedly plays an important role in the assessment of postnatal adaptation of the newborn. The research of the diploma thesis shows that the classification system NOC is very well sophisticated in the context of a newborn adaptation and it is even detailed in connection with the follow-up and subsequent provision of newborn care. Its full use in current practice in the established care system of particular healthcare facilities is not possible due to insufficient staffing of the department. The existing documentation system does not provide reserves
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Taking Nitroglycerine from Nursers´point of View
GUTOVÁ, Alena
The undergraduate thesis, concerning the topic of {\clqq}The nursing implication of the usage of nitroglycerin``, presents the up-to-date situation, the goals of the thesis and the hypotheses, methodology, the results, the discussion and the conclusion. The up-to-date situation of given issue of the thesis summarises the diseases of cardiovascular system, such as atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, thromboembolic disease, sudden coronary death. This part is also dedicated to the hereditary transmission of cardiovascular diseases, the proportion of risk factors on the development of cardiovascular diseases. Further it describes in details the mechanism of the effect of nitrates. The thesis is also concerned with the role of the nurse in clinical care, the patients´ awareness, communication and education of the nitrates users. The closing part of the chapter presents the examples of nursing diagnoses.
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The role of the nurse by patient with Holter transmitted home
ČEČKOVÁ, Monika
Diseases of the cardiovascular system rank among the most frequent causes of death. This thesis called ``The role of the nurse taking care of patients with the Holter monitor when they are discharged home`` deals with this non-invasive examination of the cardiovascular system. Timely diagnostics is of high importance to show a number of diseases. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with diseases of the cardiovascular system. The diseases mentioned include: the syncope, arrhythmia, ischemic heart disease and hypertension. Further, it deals with the non-invasive examination by means of the Holter monitor, which is connected with the diseases mentioned before. This is followed by informing the patient in connection with this examination, communication skills of the medical staff with the patient and the education in this non-invasive examination. The practical part of the thesis lays down three objectives. The first objective was to find out whether patients with the Holter monitor, when being discharged home, have sufficient information on this examination. The second objective focused on nurses, and finding out the way nurses view their role as the educator of the patients with the Holter monitor. The third objective was to find out whether patients were afraid of this examination. Next, three hypotheses were set up. The first hypothesis supposed that nurses working in outpatient and inpatient cardiac care facilities had enough information on the electrocardiograph monitoring and blood pressure by means of the Holter monitor. The second hypothesis supposed patients with the Holter monitor, when being discharged home had sufficient information on this examination. The third hypothesis supposed that nurses educated patients with the Holter monitor on discharging them home. All objectives were fulfilled and hypotheses confirmed. To fulfil the objectives and confirm the hypotheses, I used the quantitative method. To collect data I used a questionnaire for patients and another one for nurses. The research set consisted of nurses working in selected outpatient facilities of the Kardiologie Medipont s.r.o. and Kardioecho s.r.o. in České Budějovice and in selected inpatient cardiac care facilities. Further, a questionnaire investigation with patients with the Holter monitor from the same health care facilities as the nurses. 80 questionnaires were handed out to patients and 80 questionnaires to the nurses. 53 questionnaires were given back by the patients and 39 questionnaires by the nurses. This thesis could acquaint the public and medical staffs with the prevention and symptoms of cardiovascular diseases, thus attracting their attention to the importance of timely diagnostics and treatment. Further, it could be of beneficial to inform the health care facilities the survey was conducted in, with the results. Nurses have a lot of roles during their work. Their role as the educator, which undoubtedly ranks among them, is essential in the diagnostics by the Holter monitor.
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