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Extruded fibers ovality measurement
Loučka, Pavel ; Procházková, Jana (referee) ; Štarha, Pavel (advisor)
One of the important parameters observed during extruded fibre fabrication is its diameter. The diameter can be measured with a single scanning camera assuming that the fibre section has a circular shape. As proved in practice, another important parameter is ovality, that is the rate of fibre flattening. This paper assumes that the fibre section shape is elliptical. In such a case, at least three different views on examined fibre are needed. This paper deals with analytical description of fibre ovality measurement using two different approaches based on the principles of linear algebra and projective geometry. As a result, a considerable part of the work is devoted to these branches of mathematics with particular regard to analytical conics theory. Additionally, the work contains a brief mention of technical realization of ovality measurement and its possible difficulties.
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Basic notions of the calculus by Newton, Berkely and their followers
Mixa, Lukáš ; Kvasz, Ladislav (advisor) ; Dvořák, Petr (referee)
Seventeenth century is important not only for mathematics but for European social development in general. This thesis offers an overview about development of mathematics in the seventeenth century England. I present only those mathematical discoveries, which were relevantfor the work of Isaac Newton. In the first part I show the construction of logarithms by John Napier, Henry Briggs and Gregory Saint-Vincent. The second part is dedicated to methods of tangents and quadrature. I describe works of Pierre Fermat, John Wallis and Isaac Barrow. In the third part is shown how Isaac Newton used the mentioned findings for the development of the calculus. I use this example to demonstrate, that historical approach offers an illustrative connection between geometry, algebra and mathematical analysis and can be used in teaching. Keywords: Logarithm, tangent, quadrature, fluxion, fluent, calculus
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Basic notions of the calculus by Newton, Berkely and their followers
Mixa, Lukáš ; Kvasz, Ladislav (advisor) ; Dvořák, Petr (referee)
Seventeenth century is important not only for mathematics but for European social development in general. This thesis offers an overview about development of mathematics in the seventeenth century England. I present only those mathematical discoveries, which were relevantfor the work of Isaac Newton. In the first part I show the construction of logarithms by John Napier, Henry Briggs and Gregory Saint-Vincent. The second part is dedicated to methods of tangents and quadrature. I describe works of Pierre Fermat, John Wallis and Isaac Barrow. In the third part is shown how Isaac Newton used the mentioned findings for the development of the calculus. I use this example to demonstrate, that historical approach offers an illustrative connection between geometry, algebra and mathematical analysis and can be used in teaching. Keywords: Logarithm, tangent, quadrature, fluxion, fluent, calculus
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Extruded fibers ovality measurement
Loučka, Pavel ; Procházková, Jana (referee) ; Štarha, Pavel (advisor)
One of the important parameters observed during extruded fibre fabrication is its diameter. The diameter can be measured with a single scanning camera assuming that the fibre section has a circular shape. As proved in practice, another important parameter is ovality, that is the rate of fibre flattening. This paper assumes that the fibre section shape is elliptical. In such a case, at least three different views on examined fibre are needed. This paper deals with analytical description of fibre ovality measurement using two different approaches based on the principles of linear algebra and projective geometry. As a result, a considerable part of the work is devoted to these branches of mathematics with particular regard to analytical conics theory. Additionally, the work contains a brief mention of technical realization of ovality measurement and its possible difficulties.
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