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Healthy Lifestyle as Disease Prevention
Hošková, Kristýna ; Baďurová, Ivana (referee) ; Škapa, Stanislav (advisor)
The content of the thesis is the research of lifestyle of working citizens of the Czech Republic. The principles of a healthy lifestyle, the most common infectious and non-infectious diseases resulting from non-compliance with these principles are described. Based on the survey results, a new preventive program (for health insurance companies) aimed at regular prevention is proposed.
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Nutrition and supplementation in fitness and bodybuilding
Havlová, Ivona ; Kimmer, David (advisor) ; Šimková, Simona (referee)
Nutrition and Supplementation in Fitness and Bodybuilding Abstract The topic of this master's thesis is "Nutrition and Supplementation in Fitness and Bodybuilding". Physical fitness is getting more and more popular and becoming a global industry. Young people tend to prefer gyms to other types of physical activities. The advantage of fitness workouts is that there is no age limit, provided the person is healthy, as evidenced by exercising individuals who are 15 years old but also senior citizens over the age of 65. The empirical part of the paper was conducted using a qualitative method, gathering respondents through snowball sampling where participants identify others. As many as 28 respondents were divided into two groups: people doing conditioning and bodybuilding whose characteristics are explained in the Operationalisation chapter. All respondents did a semi-structured interview and provided a three-day diet plan. The goal was to map eating habits and the most common diet plans of people doing conditioning and bodybuilding, and to discover supplements they use the most frequently. The practical part of the thesis focused on the most frequent diet plans and supplements in fitness practitioners. The research findings indicate that the most common diet is high in protein and carbohydrates and low in fat,...
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Food supplements in strength sports
KLEČKA, Jan
In this bachelor's thesis on Dietary Supplements in Strength Sports, I investigated whether elite athletes are able to consume sufficient nutrients without dietary supplements and what types of dietary supplements are used by strength athletes. I chose the respondents from three branches of strength sports, those sports are power triathlon, strongman sport and weightlifting. These are the leading athletes in these sectors in the Czech Republic and they are able to outline to me the topic of taking dietary supplements. The theoretical part is focused on the nutrition of athletes. In each section I have discussed a description of strength sports, including the history of strength sports, then I have discussed macronutrients, micronutrients and also the issue of dietary supplements, where I have described the history of dietary supplements and also their distribution. In the theoretical part I drew from books and professional journals. For the practical part of the thesis I set three objectives. The first objective was to map what types of dietary supplements are used by strength athletes, the second objective was to map what amounts of dietary supplements are used by strength athletes, and the third objective was to determine if a regular and complete diet provides the necessary amount of energy and individual nutrients. Ten athletes participated in my research, 9 men and 1 woman. I obtained data from them through a semi-structured interview and from their dietary records. The results show that the respondents are taking 10 types of supplements and 6 out of 10 respondents are able to take sufficient energy from their regular diet. The dietary analysis shows that respondents prefer a diet higher in fat and protein at the expense of carbohydrates, where a higher proportion of fat in the diet reduces the amount of food needed to meet the respondents' energy needs. It can also be observed that respondents do not place much emphasis on fibre intake.
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Intake of the D vitamin at children in older school age
SALZEROVÁ, Eliška
Recent scientific research speaks of the vast importance of Vitamin D concerning our health. It is widely known that vitamin D affects the metabolism of calcium. Moreover, new evidence recently came to light about its positive effects on areas outside the immune system. It also impacts a child's proper growth and development, nervous system functioning, and creation and growth of neurons. Up to 60 % of European children suffer from Vitamin D deficiency. The reason for that can be insufficient intake of vitamin D-rich foods and inadequate time spent outside in the sunshine. I chose four goals for my bachelor's thesis. The first goal is to ascertain the amount of vitamin D that lower secondary school children intake orally. The second is to ascertain the significance of oral vitamin D supplements for lower secondary school children. The third goal is to ascertain the number of products with vitamin D content than lower secondary school children have in their diet. The last goal is to determine what part of dietary reference intake of vitamin D lower secondary school children take in from food. The method I chose to reach those goals was quantitative-qualitative. The sample consisted of 20 lower secondary school children from Písek and surrounding areas. For research methods, I decided on questionnaires and a weekly menu. Questionnaires allowed me to determine the number of products with vitamin D content that each subject consumed and information about potential supplements. The foods listed in the menus were input into the Nutriservis software, which calculated the vitamin D content in microgramms per day and week. Subsequently, I used the weekly vitamin D intake to calculate the percentage of its weekly oral dietary reference intake that the subjects take in. If the subject used supplements, I added that to the overall amount and again calculated the actual vitamin D taken in as a weekly oral dietary reference intake percentage. The questionnaire uncovered concerning products with vitamin D content, lower secondary school children prefer milk, or dairy products, and eggs. Another frequently consumed products were vegetable oils. Fish appeared in the diet once or twice per week. Almost half of the subjects did not eat liver at all. The results of the weekly menu made it clear that supplements are crucial to fulfilling the weekly oral dietary reference intake as, without them, none of the subjects would fulfil the weekly DRI Subjects that did use supplements were successful in 75 % of cases. Weekly oral dietary reference intake was fulfilled by six out of eight subjects using supplements. These results indicate that it is necessary to increase awareness of both children and parents about vitamin D intake.
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Intake of the D vitamin at children at younger school age
PAVLÍČKOVÁ, Adéla
Vitamin D is an integral part of our diet. It is vital for a proper growth and development of a child. It affects development of bones, nervous system activity, neuron creation, and immune system. Currently, around 60% of European children suffer from its deficiency. Insufficient intake of vitamin D from animal sources can be the cause of the deficiency for this group. Up to 90% of vitamin D intake is caused by the sun. Thus, the cause of the deficit can also be the lowered time spent outside. I chose four goals for my bachelor's thesis. The first goal was to ascertain the amount of vitamin D that primary school children intake orally. The second goal I chose was to ascertain the significance of oral vitamin D supplements for primary school children. The third goal was to ascertain the number of products with vitamin D content that primary school children have in their diet. The last goal was to determine what part of dietary reference intake of vitamin D primary school children take in from food. The practical part dealt with the interpretation of the research results. The sample consisted of 20 subjects aged 6 to 12 years old, and the data were gathered in Písek and surrounding areas. The research method I chose was quantitative-qualitative. The data were gathered by questionnaires and menus. The questionnaires helped determine the number of products with vitamin D content that each subject consumed in a week. It also contained a question whether they supplement vitamin D. The menu helped determine the amount of vitamin D taken in from foods in a week. The collected data from menus were subsequently inputted into the Nutriservis software, which calculated the amounts of vitamin D in micrograms from the given foods. From these results, I calculated the overall weekly vitamin D intake and what percentage it made from the weekly oral dietary reference intake of vitamin D. If the subject used supplements, I added it to the calculation of weekly intake and determined the percentage of weekly oral dietary reference intake. The questionnaires indicate that among the most favourite products with vitamin D content are milk and dairy products. Less frequent but also significant are egg yolks and vegetable oils. Liver, however, was reportedly consumed by only three subjects out of 20 on a weekly basis. Based on the results, a conclusion can be drawn - vitamin D supplements play a significant role in the given age group. This claim is supported by the research results, which indicated that none of the subjects would have fulfilled the weekly oral dietary reference intake without vitamin D supplements. Currently supplementing were 8 out of 20 subjects. Seven out of the eight supplementing managed to fulfil the weekly oral dietary reference intake. These results indicate that it is necessary to increase awareness of both children and parents about vitamin D intake.
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Use of supplementation by amateur bodybuilders, footballers and american football players.
ROHLÍK, Jiří
The first part of the master thesis sets up a theoretical framework for usage of sports supplements and its influence on individual sport performance in bodybuilding, American football and soccer. The practical part of this paper is focused on individual sports supplements usage in given sports categories. The theoretical part provides general information about nutritional supplements in terms of increased sports endurance and its effect on health condition of users. This part addresses mainly the most commonly used supplements in given sports field. More specifically, it tackles its usage among bodybuilders and players of American football and soccer. The objective of the practical part was to determine the form of supplements and pattern of consumption among target group. An online questionnaire was used for the practical part. Selected group of respondents consisted of 18 - 50 year olds men, of which, 40 were bodybuilders, another 40 were soccer players and remaining 40 were American football players. All of respondents were amateur sportsmen who were actively engaged in selected sports activity in South Bohemian region at the time of data collection.
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Analysis of the diet habits of an endurance athletes in the youth and junior categories
Gräfová, Martina ; Červinka, Pavel (advisor) ; Kotlík, Kamil (referee)
Title: Analysis of dietary habits of cross-country skiers and biathletes in youth and junior categories Aims: The theoretical part of this diploma thesis summarises information on the nutrition of endurance athletes. The practical part analyses and evaluates the dietary habits of Czech cross- country skiers and biathletes of youth and junior categories during the preparatory phase, focusing on food composition, the ratio of individual nutrients, use of nutritional supplements and fluid intake. Methods: Eighteen men and thirteen women participated in the study. It was conducted via a questionnaire based on open-ended questions. The questionnaire focused on information about the male and female respondents necessary to conduct the research, their dietary intake, including fluids, nutritional supplements, and physical activity over a two-week period. Results: Most athletes, especially women, ingest insufficient dietary energy compared to their estimated energy expenditure. They consume most of their calories in the latter part of the day, most at dinner. Of the macronutrients ingested, only the amount of carbohydrate is insufficient. In contrast, the amount of protein is above the recommended amount for most men and women. Despite the fact that endurance sportsmen and women need a higher fluid intake...
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Consumption of food supplements for different groups of clients fitness center
Tůmová, Olga ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the consumption of dietary supplements for different groups of fitness center clients. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the basics of nutrition, and is described by energy intake and expenditure, macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and drinks. The following chapter describes the basic supplements most commonly used in fitness. The practical part was processed using a questionnaire on social networks and in the fitness center Kentoya, Prague 10. The aim was to explore the most commonly used supplements, assessment of knowledge of the main effects of the supplements and visitors' experience with diets. The results are reported in tables and graphs and the answers on the internet and in the fitness center Kentoya are compared. The results show that almost 79 % of visitors to the fitness center take dietary supplements, the most widely used supplement is a protein drink. Approximately 67 % of visitors were during their life on some kind of diet and unfortunately the most common source of information concerning diet is the internet. Keywords: fitness, food supplements, supplements, nutrition, fluid intak
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Comparative analysis of the national newspaper supplements Salon, Kavarna and Orientace
Farná, Kateřina ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Šoltys, Otakar (referee)
Diploma thesis "Comparison analyses of national newspaper supplements Salon, Kavarna and Orientace" analyses supplements of national, daily released newspapers: Pravo (Salon), Mlada fronta DNES (Kavarna) and Lidove noviny (Orientace). Essential methods used in this work are quantitative analysis, applied to specified moths during years 2006-2008, and chronological analysis of chosen issues during years 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2005. Based on them, various evaluations of supplement main characteristics, specific features and differences were observed. Most important characteristics investigated in the work are: supplement content and graphic conception, placement within the carrying newspaper, structure of published literature forms, themes and sub-themes. There can be also found summary of each supplement history, list of its typical authors and internet version description. Author of this thesis also introduced related overview of Czech literary and cultural magazines (Literarni noviny, Host, Divoke vino, Revolver Revue, Tvar nebo A2) and briefly stated profiles of main national newspapers. To gain supplement readers characteristics, approximate sociological questionnaire was processed among university students.
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