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The impact of agro-technology on the physical and hydraulic properties of the soil
Vláčilíková, Michaela ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the impact of agrotechnics on the physical and hydraulic properties of the soil. At the beginning of the work a literary research was elaborated on the above mentioned problems in the final part an evaluation of the physical and hydraulic characteristics of soil, which are used as indicators of soil quality. Experimental research was carried out in 2017 near the village Bohaté Málkovice, the soil on one area was processed by minimization technology and on the other parcel (with mild erosion) direct sowing was applied to the soil. The crop was sunflower.
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Assessment health/quality of the soil near the village Bohaté Málkovice
Suchá, Kateřina ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
Diploma thesis evaluates quality and healthiness of the soil health located close to Bohate Malkovice focusing on changes in both physical and chemical characteristics of the soil in time. The theoretical part describes physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the soil. Selected physical parameters are structure, texture, determination of measured weight, bulk density of the soil, porosity, actual volumetric water content of the soil, aeration, saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, infiltration, and colour. Chosen chemical parameters are pH, carbonates, soil electrical conductivity, and humus content. Picked biological parameters are microbial biomass, respiration, nitrogen content, and weed infestation. The practical part analyses selected indicators of quality of the soil from the location of the experiment close to Bohate Malkovice. The area under evaluation has been treated using reduced tillage for long term. The practical part is based on the laboratory examination of disturbed and undisturbed soil samples taken between years 2016 and 2018. Based on outcome results we can evaluate the quality of the soil considering plants growth, development, and soil fertility.
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Vliv používání nákladního automobilu v zemědělství na půdní prostředí
Novák, Milan
The aim of the diploma thesis is to determine the influence of using a agri-tractor in agriculture and its impact on the environment of sandy loam soil. The influence on the pedocompact is compared when using different mechanization under operating conditi-ons. A tractor with semi-trailer and TATRA agri-tractor with semi-trailer were used for that purpose. The main point of the work is a field-laboratory experiment, on the basis of which the influence of transitions of individual ensembles on the soil is evaluated. The experi-ment was carried out in 2015 on the land farm cultivate by Agrodružstvo Blížkovice. Key indicators of soil compaction were appraised during the experiment. Within the literary research soil itself is characterized in general, as well as the issues of soil compaction and various types of transport in agriculture. The experimental part includes the methodology used, the material researched together with the measurement results and further discussion on the topic. Transport operations represent more than 50 % of the total agricultural output volu-me. Along with the intensification of agriculture and simultaneous magnification of ag-ricultural technology the problem of excessive soil compaction had begun to deepen. The soil compaction negatively affects the physical and chemical caharcteristics of soil and reduces its fertility. Agricultural equipment manufacturers have been trying to develop new mechani-zation technologies to minimize soil compaction. Considering soil compaction, the use of a tractor with semi-trailer has appeared as more suitable. Appropriate solution seems to be using special central tire inflation system or in contrast different ways of their underinflation.
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Assessment health/quality of the soil near the village Bohaté Málkovice
Suchá, Kateřina ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
Diploma thesis evaluates quality and healthiness of the soil health located close to Bohate Malkovice focusing on changes in both physical and chemical characteristics of the soil in time. The theoretical part describes physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the soil. Selected physical parameters are structure, texture, determination of measured weight, bulk density of the soil, porosity, actual volumetric water content of the soil, aeration, saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, infiltration, and colour. Chosen chemical parameters are pH, carbonates, soil electrical conductivity, and humus content. Picked biological parameters are microbial biomass, respiration, nitrogen content, and weed infestation. The practical part analyses selected indicators of quality of the soil from the location of the experiment close to Bohate Malkovice. The area under evaluation has been treated using reduced tillage for long term. The practical part is based on the laboratory examination of disturbed and undisturbed soil samples taken between years 2016 and 2018. Based on outcome results we can evaluate the quality of the soil considering plants growth, development, and soil fertility.
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The impact of agro-technology on the physical and hydraulic properties of the soil
Vláčilíková, Michaela ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the impact of agrotechnics on the physical and hydraulic properties of the soil. At the beginning of the work a literary research was elaborated on the above mentioned problems in the final part an evaluation of the physical and hydraulic characteristics of soil, which are used as indicators of soil quality. Experimental research was carried out in 2017 near the village Bohaté Málkovice, the soil on one area was processed by minimization technology and on the other parcel (with mild erosion) direct sowing was applied to the soil. The crop was sunflower.
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Importance of biotic and abiotic components in feedback between plants and soil
Hanzelková, Věra ; Pánková, Hana (advisor) ; Knappová, Jana (referee)
The plant-soil feedback affects the forming of a plant community. Plants affect their own species as well as other species. The plant-soil feedback can be both positive and negative. Plants affect soil, change its properties, and the soil affects the plants reciprocally. Soil components can be divided into biotic and abiotic ones. The abiotic component is represented by physical and chemical properties of the soil. The main properties are the soil structure, the soil moisture, the soil temperature, the soil pH and the amount and availability of nutrients. The biotic component is composed of soil biota. The individual organisms can function as decomposers, symbionts and pathogens. The majority of soil organisms is composed of microorganisms, the most important of which are fungi and bacteria. The effect of the abiotic component in plant-soil feedback is mostly nonspecific, while the effect of the biotic component is more specific. These components interact with each other and determine the resulting effect on the plants and the type and intensity of interaction between various plant species. The aim of this thesis is to show the importance of these components in the plant-soil feedback. Key words: plant-soil feedback, abiotic factors, biotic factors, soil structure, soil water, soil temperature, pH,...
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Vliv základní agrotechniky na fyzikální a hydrofyzikální vlastnosti kambizemě
Uchytil, Pavel
This thesis deals with an effect of basic soil tillage on physical and hydrophysical properties of cambisol. The chosen site is located in the village of Uhřínov, in potato production area. At an altitude of 506 m it is a variant of plowing. At an altitude of 520 m it is a variant of minimization. Two lands were chosen to present minimization process at one of them and classical plowing process at the second of them. Soil pits were dug in both versions and a description of soil profiles according to the Comprehensive Survey Methodology of Agricultural Soils (NĚMEČEK 1967) was carried. Intact soil samples were taken in ten terms, four replications, from the depths (center roller): 5 cm, 17 cm and 30 cm. Bulk samples were taken also from these depths (range 10 cm). The average volume of macroaggregates (> 0.5 mm) was reduced during the experiment from 39, 67% in 2012 to 33,52% in 2014 in a variant of plowing. The average volume in a variant of minimization changed only minimally. The volume of microaggregates in a variant of plowing incereased during the years. This volume was amounted to 3,71 % in 2002, while in 2014 the figure was 4,21 %. The volume of microaggregates decreased in a variant of minimization from 4,18 % in 2012 to mere 2,51 % in 2014. The influence of basic tillage to bulk density was not statistically proven however there was extreme compaction found at the depths of 30 cm in both versions. Statistically highly significant effect of basic agrotechnics on total porosity was found. It was the value of 45,27 % in a variant of plowing and the value of 34,06 % in a variant of minimization. Highly significant effect of basic agrotechnics on maximal capillary water capacity was found. The value of maximal capillary capacity was 37,40 % of a volume in a variant of plowing. The value of it was 35,27 % of a volume in a variant of minimization. The effect of basic agrotechnics on soil moisture was highly important. Humidity was 23, 73% of a volume in a variant of tillage. It was 17,92 % of a volume in a variant of minimization. The effect of basic agrotechnics on soil airiness was statistically significant. Airiness was of the value 21,56 % of a volume in a variant of tillage. Airiness was 25,23 % of a volume in a variant of minimization. Highly significant effect of the basic soil tillage on minimum air capacity was found. Maximal water-holding capacity was 7,29 % of a volume in a variant of plowing. It was 8,27 % of a volume in a variant of minimization.
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