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Vplyv politického cyklu na deficity štátneho rozpočtu Slovenskej republiky
Kadlečíková, Veronika
The bachelor thesis concerns the problematics of political cycles and fiscal policy abuse in the pre-election period. The political cycle is defined as the systematic abuse of fiscal policy by the government. Politicians are using the state budget in the bordering period before the parliamentary elections in order to influence the economic growth and unemployment, with an aim of being re-elected. In the empirical part of the thesis is being tested the existence of political-budget cycle in the Slovak Republic over the examined period 1996 - 2014 using the three applied models.
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Vplyv fiškálnych pravidiel na štátne rozpočty v EÚ
Lučanová, Kristína
Bachelor thesis studies impact of the fiscal rules on budgets in European Union. The thesis is oriented to analyse concrete fiscal rule – debt brake and evaluates the effectiveness of this rule in the union. Thesis is based on theoretical findings from fiscal policy and EU law. Importance of the debt brake is investigated by a panel regression analysis with fixed effects. The results show statistical significance of regression debt brake parameter and then the impact on public indicators is evaluated. Thesis is able to prove the possible impact of the debt brake.
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Comparison of public budgets in various political cycles in Czech republic between years 1993 - 2015
Masařík, Jan ; Zajíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Maule, Petr (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to examine possible connections between economic results of public budgets, especially the most important part-state budget, and the course of the political cycle in Czech republic between years 1993 and 2015. The theoretical part is based on the Public choice theory, Theory of public finance and Political-business cycle theory. The practital part focuses on analysis of political situation in each political cycle and then on association with public and state budgets revenues and expenditures, their growth rate and the business cycle. Results of the analysis show that deficits of state budget are predominantly structural based. Moreover, a tendency to influence election results through released fiscal policy is also noticeable in some political cycles, which is consistent with the political-business cycle theory.
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The analysis of the cyclically adjusted budget balance
Mareš, Michal ; Bisová, Sára (advisor) ; Kadeřábková, Božena (referee)
The thesis analyzes the cyclically adjusted budget balance on the data of the Czech Republic between 2004 and 2014. There is a big demand to consolidate public finances and the aim of this study is to assess whether this appropriate indicator is convenient to achieve the fiscal responsibility of individual countries. At first, the CAB is estimated by using the method of the European Commission, it is called a production approach on the basis of Article Denis, Morrow, Roger (2002). The work is also based on the article written by Bezděk, Dyczak , Krejdl (2003), which compares the OECD method with the ESCB method. Afterwards the calculation is performed by a modified procedure, using the Hodrick-Prescott filter instead of the production function to estimate potential output. The analysis shows the complexity of the estimation of the parameter which is given by great demands on the input data and arbitrariness. The CAB is discussed not only methodologically but also in its practical use in the context of the economic situation in Europe.
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Public budgets outcomes and the course of the political cycle in the Czech Republic in years 1993-2010
Kůs, Jan ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Říhová, Vladimíra (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to find possible connections between the financial results of public budgets and the course of the political cycle in the Czech Republic. The analysis for the period of 1993 - 2010 focuses initially on the development of the overall deficit; subsequently the development of selected items of public revenues and expenditures is investigated. A fundamental part of the work is the separation of the cyclical deficit, arising from fluctuations in economic activity and the structural deficit, which is produced through specific measures of government fiscal policy. The results of the analysis indicate that with the approaching elections, there was a greater release of the fiscal policy. During the second half of the electoral cycles have also been reported higher structural deficits. However, the differences are not high enough to be considered as statistically significant.
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