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Simulation of electroporation process in stent oclussion therapy
Hemzal, Martin ; Cipín, Radoslav (referee) ; Novotná, Veronika (advisor)
This masteral thesis describes phenomenon of electroporation and it’s use to deal with occluded self-expandable metalic stent. Thesis briefly summarizes theory of electroporation, currently used medical treatments of occluded stents. The next part of the thesis is dedicated to current state of mathematical simulations of electroporation. The core of the thesis are simulations of electroporation effects on tissue of occluded metal stents.
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Contribution of technical equipments to treatment of blood vessel diseases
Laštůvka, Jan ; Návrat, Tomáš (referee) ; Burša, Jiří (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor’s thesis is an introduction to the anatomy and pathology of vascular system and providing an overview of technical equipment used for examination and treatment of blood vessel diseases. Using two type of blood vessel implants it illustrates the process of computation during the phase of creating a concept. In the former case the influence on blood flow and healthy blood vessel behaviour when using bifurcated blood vessel prosthesis is assessed, in the latter case the projecting computation of biflex stent construction is examined.
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Simulation Of Electroporation Process In Stent Oclussion Therapy
Hemzal, Martin
The main focus of this work is to compare the simulations of electroporation in the biliarytract with and without the stent. The aim of this paper is to determine the ablated areas using differentcombinations of electrodes and different amplitudes of applied voltage. The resuluts of thesimulations shows distribution of intnesity of electric field and joule heating. Presented simulationsare done using finite element method (FEM) software COMSOL MULTYPHISIC 5.4.
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Simulation of electroporation process in stent oclussion therapy
Hemzal, Martin ; Cipín, Radoslav (referee) ; Novotná, Veronika (advisor)
This masteral thesis describes phenomenon of electroporation and it’s use to deal with occluded self-expandable metalic stent. Thesis briefly summarizes theory of electroporation, currently used medical treatments of occluded stents. The next part of the thesis is dedicated to current state of mathematical simulations of electroporation. The core of the thesis are simulations of electroporation effects on tissue of occluded metal stents.
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Patency of dialysis fistulas in patients undergoing vascular interventional procedures.
Kaván, Jan ; Lambert, Lukáš (advisor) ; Chochola, Miroslav (referee) ; Beran, Jan (referee)
Purpose. The primary objective was to compare primary and secondary patency, number of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) interventions and cost-effectiveness among PTA, deployment of a stent, or a stent graft in the treatment of failing arteriovenous dialysis grafts. The secondary objective was to compare the residual diameter at the site of dialysis shunt stenosis using sonography and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Methods. Sixty patients were randomly assigned to either PTA, placement of a stent or stent graft. Follow-up angiography was scheduled at 3, 6, and 12 months or when requested by the physician. Residual diameter of a dialysis shunt stenosis was measured in 20 patients with significant stenosis by ultrasonography and on an angiogram from DSA. Results. During a median follow-up of 22.4 months patients with PTA, stent, or stent graft required 3.1±1.7, 2.5±1.7, or 1.7±2.1 (P=0.031) secondary PTA interventions. The primary patency rates were 0%, 18%, and 65% at 12 months and 0%, 18%, and 37% at 24 months in the PTA, stent, and stent graft group respectively (P<0.0001). The cost of the procedures was €7,900±€3,300 in PTA group, €8,500±€4,500 in stent group, and €7,500±€6,200 in stent graft group (P=0.45). The mean residual diameter measured by ultrasonography and DSA was...
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Contribution of technical equipments to treatment of blood vessel diseases
Laštůvka, Jan ; Návrat, Tomáš (referee) ; Burša, Jiří (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor’s thesis is an introduction to the anatomy and pathology of vascular system and providing an overview of technical equipment used for examination and treatment of blood vessel diseases. Using two type of blood vessel implants it illustrates the process of computation during the phase of creating a concept. In the former case the influence on blood flow and healthy blood vessel behaviour when using bifurcated blood vessel prosthesis is assessed, in the latter case the projecting computation of biflex stent construction is examined.
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X-RAY controlled implantation stents to stenoses in gastrointestinal system.
CERKUNÍKOVÁ, Anna
X-ray controlled stent implantation into gastrointestinal tract stenoses is a modern mini-invasive method. Many medicine branches have gone through considerable development in the second half of 20th century. In many cases it has been based on new discoveries in disease pathogenesis, new approaches in therapy and most importantly on new technical possibilities. This thesis describes treatment of stenotic tumors in gastrointestinal tract that used to belong to frequent surgery indication, regardless of possible radicality. Intervention radiology is a dynamic and quickly developing specialisation. New material and procedures development extends the possibilities of mini-invasive therapy in gastrointestinal tract illness. Instead of surgery, stent implantation is indicated in many cases. This method has many advantages when comparing with surgery, e.g. lower invasivity without general anesthesia usage and short recuperation. Indications of stent implantation into gastrointestinal tract stenoses can be divided according to more aspects, e.g. stenosis localisation, stenosis etiology, inborn or acquired stenoses and last but not least benign and malign stenoses that are the main topic of this thesis. The aim of this thesis is success and effectively assessment in stent implantation into gastrointestinal tract stenoses. The procedures are divided according to stenosis localisation in a certain period. The results are compared with other centers in the Czech Republic. In every procedure, we assess the etiology, stenosis localisation, patient age and sex, procedure type and its success rate, early and late complications (to 30 days from the procedure). As in the majority of cases we analysed patients with inoperable malign tumors, the mortality was not assessed. This thesis confirms the only chosen hypothesis ? the stent implantation in gastrointestinal tract stenosis is a quick and effective method with a low number of complications. Our department wants to use the data acquired in practise to compare the success rate and complication number with other centers and according to the results to confront the procedure method.
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SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PSYCHOANALYTICAL NEEDS OF PATIENTS AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.
MERUNKOVÁ, Michaela
The diseases of the vascular system are the most important cause of the death generally (up to 30% of the world-wide mortality). The myocardial infarction represents 13% of all the death cases due to cardiovascular illnesses. Men often suffer myocardial infarction already after 40th year of life, as for women, it appears after the climax. After the 60th year of age the myocardial infarction is equally frequent in case of both sexes. In the last years also the myocardial infarction in case of people younger than thirty-five years is not a rarity. In the bachelor{\crq}s thesis the method of quantitative research by the technique of questioning was applied. In the questionnaire, there are in total 30 questions. 17 of them were closed and 13 half-open. The questionnaires were distributed to patients of the cardio-surgical and cardiological ambulance of the Hospital in České Budějovice, a.s. during their first check after the myocardial infarction. In total 100 questionnaires were distributed and 86 questionnaires were applied for processing the data. The data collection was performed during January, February and March 2009. The thesis focused on specifics of the psychological and social needs of the patient after myocardial infarction. The target of the thesis was to find out where the patients after myocardial infarction look for social support (target 1). Determination of the most frequent problems of the patient after myocardial infarction (target 2). To find out moreover if the saturation of higher needs of patients after the surgical solution of myocardial infarction differs from that of the patients healed in a conservative way (target 3). Three hypotheses were determined based on these goals. First hypothesis: For the patients after myocardial infarction the most frequent support is their family. This hypothesis was confirmed by the research. The most respondents stated as the most important social support their wife or husband, other family members and last but not least a common-law husband or wife. Second hypothesis: The change of life style is among the most frequent problems of the patient after myocardial infarction. This hypothesis was confirmed by research. The change of the life style was stated by 56% of respondents as the most important problem. In spite of the sufficient education the patients have not enough motivation or firm will to change their hitherto life. Third hypothesis: The saturation of higher needs is achieved sooner in the group of patients healed in a conservative way than in the group of patients healed in a surgical way. It followed from the results of the research that the type of myocardial infarction healing may be reflected in the return of the patients into the normal life, however, it has no influence on the occurrence of the stress, fear, sadness and hopelessness after myocardial infarction. This hypothesis was refuted by the research. It follows from the results of the research that it would be suitable to continue the co-operation after the release for the home treatment. To help them to find a suitable way for the change of the lifestyle, to learn them to treat themselves carefully. To motivate for the co-operation not only them, but also their close surroundings, mainly the family. As the family is the most support for them and it could facilitate the deciding of patients in some items and to support them positively.
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The role of a nurse in patiens with inserted endobronchial stent.
PEŠKOVÁ, Martina
The goal of this bachelor thesis was to ascertain what role the nurse performs in care for patient with inserted endobronchial stent. The research set consists of ten patients with stenosis of trachea and large airways. Stenosis has a lot of causes but all patients have similar symptoms. The basic problem of such patients stays the same; they come because of breathlessness that restricts them in performance of common daily activities. We asked the research question whether the nursing care for patient with inserted endobronchial stent has influence on improvement of the breathlessness and whether education by the nurse is important for the patient with inserted endobronchial stent. The goal was met and the research questions answered. Three hypotheses were set on the base of the result. H1: Insertion of endobronchial stent has influence on improvement of patient{\crq}s breathlessness. H2: Nursing care for patient with inserted endobronchial stent has influence on self-care in patient{\crq}s daily activities. H3: The most important topic of education in patient with inserted endobronchial stent is inhalation. The nurse{\crq}s nursing care is indispensable because the patient needs it for the whole period of the difficulties. The influence of nursing care improves the patient{\crq}s discomfort caused by breathlessness. The nurse{\crq}s care provides the patients with physical, but also with psychic support. The patients admitted because of breathlessness are tired, exhausted and completely dependent on oxygen. They are not able to perform sanitary needs by themselves, are also restricted in movement, feeding, but also in dressing and evacuation. The nurse chooses, individually and by the patients{\crq} possibilities, such techniques that allow satisfaction of all bio-psycho-social needs during provision of nursing care. She provides also psychic support important to reach the goal, i.e. to eliminate the patients{\crq} breathlessness. Not all patients master the breathlessness well; there are patients who need psychic support by the nurse. We also describe the significance of education by the nurse in this bachelor thesis. The role of the nurse is to perform education so that the patients understand that daily hygiene of airways is, because of the inserted endobronchial stent, very important and has its role. Insufficient nurse{\crq}s education and therefore bad hygiene of airways causes complications because of which the patient must seek medical attention and be hospitalized. This bachelor thesis will serve also in practice to familiarize the general public at lay and professional level with the a possibility of therapy of breathlessness of patients with stenosis in large airways.
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Diagnosis and endovascular treatment of iliac and femoropopliteal occlusive disease
PĚČKOVÁ, Kristýna
The occlusion disorder in the area pelvic and femoral arteries should be for the patient fatal health complication. Therefore it is important know all risks, which should go before, know the disorder and last but not least is a crucial chapter diagnostics and in final phase treatment. I chose this subject, with the view of give to pertinent readers all above - mentioned information on those problems. For diagnostics of occlusion disorder we use imaging radiodiagnostic methods. For spatial display were developed method of spiral CT angiography ( CTA ), magnetic resonance angiography ( MRA ), a modification of classical angiography {--} digital subtraction angiography ( DSA ) and ultrasonografi (UZ). UZ is part of the basic investigate method of his noninvazive. Spiral CTA is method, which is based on two and three dimensional display using special programmes. Display magnetic resonance is noninvasive examination procedure and is derived from classical nuclear MR. MRA is once from possible examination practice which serves complex information on relation surrounding weaving to vessels and haemodynamic blood flow. DSA allows observation of flow vessels and by the help of digitizing image its graphical processing. Medication of okluziv disorder areas saucepan s and femur s arterys including percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ( PTA ) and implantation stent.
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