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Social protection as a sub-sector of critical infrastructure in the Czech Republic and within selected EU member states
MACHÁČKOVÁ, Markéta
The thesis deals with the mapping of social protection as an element of critical infrastructure in selected EU countries (Czech Republic, Ireland, Sweden) and how the information obtained can be used to improve the area of social protection for the purposes of critical infrastructure in the Czech Republic. The thesis takes a comprehensive approach and introduces the issues under the examination via the first three subchapters of the theoretical part of the thesis, where it provides insight into social protection and critical infrastructure at both the EU and national level. Within the research, desk research was applied, the specifics of social protection regulation as part of critical infrastructure of all selected countries were evaluated and a SWOT analysis was performed for the Czech Republic. Recommendations arising from the work include the differentiation of infrastructure into multiple levels according to its importance, following the Irish model, which would prevent easy identification of critical infrastructure elements and would increase their security in the future. The second recommendation is to implement measures to increase the preparedness of the social protection authority for future crises. The initial direction of the responsibility outside of the standard structure of social protection institutions caused that (compared to other countries compared) the Czech Republic did not react to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the field of social protection in a sufficiently flexible manner. An interesting finding then is the similar focus of protection of social protection infrastructure in Ireland and the Czech Republic, which includes the systems that ensure the payment of social protection benefits. Regarding the regulation of the classification of social protection in the critical infrastructure sector in the Member States compared, the Czech Republic's regulation under Government Regulation No 432/2010 Coll. makes sense. Social protection is classified under the public administration sector and largely follows the general division of the social protection system.
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Social security in the Member States of European Union
SEKNIČKOVÁ, Iveta
The aim of the diploma thesis is to compare the social security in the member states of the European Union and to find groups of states with similar features and similar position of social contributions in their tax systems. The social security system is an important revenue and expenditure component of public budgets and the state can realize social policy through it. Social security is accepted differently within EU countries and is often related to a country's historical status and traditions. The theoretical part describes social security and social contributions in the Czech Republic and the coordination of social contributions within the European Union. The Ward method of cluster analysis, which is used in the work for groupings of states with similar social contributions characteristics, is described in the next part of the work. The analysis is realized on the basis of selected social contribution indicators for 2009 and 2019 and compares the grouping of states in individual year and at the same time compares the total development of social contributions between these years. The net social contribution indicators used for the analysis were taken from the European Union Statistical Office database (Eurostat).
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Families on the benefits of assistance in material need
HOROVÁ KOLÁŘOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor thesis aims to describe types of families which receive benefits for material deprivation. The thesis consists of two parts, the theoretical part, and the practical part. In the theoretical part, there are theoretical findings connected to family terms and types of families. Causes of family material deprivation and an impact on family functioning are specified here, also an impact on its members, especially children. Furthermore is defined material deprivation focusing on the law of material deprivation (terms, individual benefits) and there are researched other options of social support. The survey in the practical part is analyzing what type of family applies for these welfare benefits and what is the reason for getting them. High-quality research is used which is based on document analysis from some families who take welfare benefits.
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Comparison of Payroll Issues in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic
ČESKÁ, Hana
The bachelor thesis describes payroll systems in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. For the sake of their subsequent comparison, the text is focused on analyzing key issues affecting remuneration and also wage deductions from income from employment. Dissimilar nature and general scheme of each tax system, health insurance and social security contributions´ conditions laid down by law in these neighbouring countries lead to different net income despite original identical gross wage. In order to prove that, this theses deals with several particular examples showing procedure that leads to calculating costs per employee and also net wages, including the calculation of the advance income tax and health insurance and social security contributions. With regard to the results of these examples, options for tax optimization are presented and one of these payroll systems is chosen as preferable in terms of employers and employees.
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The causes of early retirement of employees in the old-age pension and their impact to the system of social insurance related to Southern Bohemia.
ŠABRŠULOVÁ, Vendula
The sole focus of my bachelor thesis is on the causes of early retirement and their impact on the social insurance system. The theoretical part of the work focused on the description of social policy, its principles and tools, the history of social security in relation to the current state. I describe the Pension Insurance Act No. 155/1995 Coll., including individual benefits, which result from the pension insurance. I define the basic concepts that are pivotal for the entitlement to a pension and their amount together with other types of pensions. I also get acquainted with the conditions of entitlement to early retirement, its amount and calculation. In conclusion, I clarify the possible disbursement of the so-called pre-pension and I mention the supplementary pension insurance and its amount of state contribution. The main goal of the practical part is to validate the reason for the employees' early retirement and what effect it has on social insurance. Two hypotheses were established. For the practical part, a quantitative research was chosen, examined on the basis of a questionnaire survey, which defined the opinions of clients and their reasons for early retirement. The selection of respondents consisted of old-age pension recipients who took the opportunity to retire early and current applicants for early retirement. A custom questionnaire with simple and easy-to-understand 14 questions was created. I processed the research results based on the completed questionnaires from 113 respondents. The results of the bachelor thesis provide an insight into the current reasons for early retirement and may point to the possibilities of support and motivation for better employment conditions.
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Social Ethical Aspects of Welfare State
GALÍKOVÁ, Alice
Diploma paper is considering social ethical aspects of Welfare State. In the introduction is characterized Welfare State, it´s history, attitudes to it and the elementary typology of social state. The main part of the paper is divided into three parts - human being, family and state in relation to social state. Each chapter consists of describing part and social ethical critic of Welfare State effect, which was the aim of paper. From all three angles on that issue it appears that negative influence of contemporary (that means overinflated) is dominant. First of all it´s loss of responsibility for persnons own life, loss of motivation to work, own initiative and creativity and creating dependence on social benefits. There is obvious fundamental negative effect on family functionality, which social roles was mostly taken by state. Constant increasing of social benefits outgoings in exchange for political support of left-wing parties appears as destructive. This fact could eventually endanger democratic growth of state.
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The position of people with disabilities in social security
Dvořáková, Inka ; Štangová, Věra (advisor) ; Tomšej, Jakub (referee)
The position of people with disabilities in social security Abstract The diploma thesis deals with the topic of the position of people with disabilities in social security. It provides insight into the historical context and brings the status of people with disabilities in society. The diploma thesis deals with the issue from the theoretical point of view when it analyses the development of legislation, from the practical point of view when it confronts the theory of legislation with the impacts on the practice of people with disabilities. The work is divided into four main chapters, which logically follow each other. The first chapter is devoted to the periodization of history, i.e., the historical context, passed legislation, and attitudes to people with disabilities. This chapter is essential for understanding contexts. The second chapter regulates concepts' coherence and defines basic concepts, such as - a person with a disability, social security or integration, inclusion, and barriers. The third chapter deals with comprehensive services and aids, emphasizes comprehensive rehabilitation, which according to the study of documents, is the basis for the inclusion of people with disabilities in social life, and defines compensatory and special aids, the essence of which compensates for self-sufficiency....
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Justification and Limits of State Coercion in Liberal Democracies: Reconciling Binding Welfare State Policies and a Reformed Classical Liberalism
Wedekind, Peter ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Fiorctos, Karl Orfeo (referee) ; Simon, Stephen A. (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of Political Science Peter Wedekind Justification and Limits of State Coercion in Liberal Democracies: Reconciling Binding Welfare State Policies and a Reformed Classical Liberalism Dissertation Thesis Abstract - English Prague 2022 Abstract In this thesis I defend the claim that classical liberalism has the capacity to justify meritocratic state policies that promote greater equality of opportunity. Correspondingly, I adopt an approach uncommon among scholars following the tradition of classical liberalism, given that I conclude with a position that is more frequently associated with the postulates of social welfare egalitarians, such as publicly funded higher education. This strategy serves as a reply to contemporary critiques of liberal democracies and implies that liberalism is endowed with the tools to address the flaws its own (neoliberal) manifestation has brought about. Skyrocketing socio-economic inequalities as well as the marketization trend which, among other things, crowds-out the traditional values of higher education and corrupts a public institution crucial for social mobility into a privilege of plutocratic elites, are just two examples. To support this argument, I discuss several consecutive claims:...
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Sickness insurace benefits provided during pregnancy and maternity
Cermanová, Valerie ; Štangová, Věra (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
Sickness insurace benefits provided during pregnancy and maternity The diploma thesis analyses the sickness insurance benefits provided during pregnancy and maternity. The period of pregnancy and maternity is very demanding for a woman both economically, psychologically and physically. Social security law regulates material security to help mitigate in particular the economic impact of these social events. It is an important tool for encouraging an increase in the birth rate and thus has positive effects not only for the individuals directly concerned but for society as a whole. The thesis is composed of an introduction, a core, which consists of five parts, and a conclusion. The first part deals with the basics of social security and the most important moments of its history in relation to the topic of the thesis. The second part focuses on labour protection of women during pregnancy and maternity, which complements the material security regulated by social security law. The third part focuses on general issues of sickness insurance, including participation in sickness insurance, entitlement to benefits, its organisation, management and financing. The fourth chapter is devoted to individual sickness insurance benefits that are directly related to pregnancy and maternity. These benefits are...
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Taxation of Incomes of Students in the Czech Republic
Ševčíková, Barbora ; Matoušková, Veronika (referee) ; Kopřiva, Jan (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis deals with the student income taxation in the Czech republic. Theoretical base is presented in the first part of this thesis such as fundamental terms related to taxation together with the labor-law relations. The second part of the thesis follows with the income tax, the calculation of the tax obligation and the social insurance system. The final part presents the case studies and comparison of individual labor-law relations. The goal of this thesis is to reach the optimization on taxation of working students.
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