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Calculation of efficient dose rtg diagnostic irradiation
Bažantová, Lucie ; Drastich, Aleš (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals primarily with the theory of ionizing radiation and its interaction with matter. It deals particularly with x-radiation and the methods of its use in medicine. The thesis contains a description of the origin of the x-ray image and a description of the techniques of radiography and skiascopy. A list of quantities and units used in radiation physics and in radiation protection has been set out, with regard to assessing the risk involved in the interaction of x-radiation with an organism. In particular, the effective dose and the methods of evaluating this during medical irradiation have been set out. The main parts of the work are an overview of the software environment used in radiation physics and an example of the calculation of an effective dose for a concrete radiographic examination together with a detailed description of the method of calculation. At the end of the thesis there is a table of calculated values and an evaluation of them.
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Modern Imaging Techniques in Medicine
Pařízek, Aleš ; Neuwirthová, Ludmila (referee) ; Rujbrová, Šárka (advisor)
Cílem této práce je popsat základní principy a fyzikální veličiny spjaté s jednotlivými zobrazovacími metodami a poté jednotlivé metody porovnat. Práce popisuje vznik rentgenového záření, jeho interakci s různými materiály a metody snímaní pro vytvoření obrazů. Dále se práce zabývá základním principem vytvoření 3D obrazů pomocí počítačové tomografie a jednotlivými generacemi tomografických strojů. V poslední části se práce věnuje principu nukleární magnetické resonance a základním parametrům pro vytvoření obrazů pomocí MRI systémů.
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Radiology in České Budějovice - history and present
ŠUSTEK, Jan
The bachelor thesis on "Radiology in České Budějovice - history and present" in the introductory chapters deals with the most important historical events in the field of radiology. It describes the discovery of X-rays, the development of digitalization, the development of radiodiagnostic methods from skiagraphy to magnetic resonance. The next part of the thesis summarizes and describes the establishment and development of the Hospital České Budějovice a.s. up to its present form. From the available information, the development of the radiology department is presented not only in the hospital itself, but also in three polyclinics in České Budějovice. The aim of the thesis is to find out which radiodiagnostic method is most used and whether the improvement of newer methods has an influence on the number of X-rays performed. This survey is based on the number of examinations from 2001, 2011 and 2021.
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Diagnostic imaging of patients with polytrauma
FIŠER, Martin
The bachelor thesis deals with diagnostic imaging methods in polytraumatized patients. Diagnostic imaging methods play a big role in the examination of these patients, where the main goal is an early diagnosis, which should help, in severe cases, even save the patient's life. This thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The first half of the theoretical part explains the definition of polytrauma and the mechanisms of its formation. The most common causes of multiple injuries are described. The second half describes the imaging methods that are used in the examination of polytraumas. First, I explain the basic radiological procedures and their algorithm in polytrauma. Then the thesis focuses on the principles of computed tomography, ultrasonography, skiagraphy and magnetic resonance. Contrast agents that we use in the diagnosis of a polytraumatized patient are listed. In the practical part, using the obtained data from the Hospital České Budějovice a.s., it was statistically examined whether the number of patients has increased over the past five years or not. In addition, the gender and age distribution of patients with polytrauma were investigated. The statistical representation of the causes of injury is also examined. The practical part also deals with what examination is performed most often. All data are clearly processed into tables and graphs. This bachelor thesis can serve as an educational material for students of medical disciplines and radiological assistants.
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Blended learning for teaching radiology subjects
PELIKÁN, Jiří
The objective of my bachelor's thesis on Blended learning for teaching Radiology subjects, was to create a clear list of basic skiagraphic projections in radiodiagnostics, written instructions added to them, photographic documentation for easier understanding of the projection and teaching program in the Moodle ZSF JU environment. In the theoretical part of the work I dealt with the origin of X-rays, its properties and possibilities of use. I also mentioned the risks of its use, the need for proper radiation protection, and I analyzed the parts of the X-ray machine and the systems used in skiagraphy. In the practical part I created a list of standardly used skiagraphic projections. Using professional scripts, instructions, standards and experience of radiological staff of the Kyjov Hospital, I subsequently created a text manual for them, supplemented by photographic documentation of individual projections on a model. Subsequently, I created a tutorial in the Moodle ZSF JU environment, supplemented by a database of exam questions.
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X-ray trauma diagnostic of the upper and lower extremities for the Trebic Hospital
ŘEHŮŘEK, Robert
Radiology is a field with a wide range of application in medicine; it greatly contributes to confirmation of diagnosis or even sets the diagnosis by itself. Radiodiagnostics is a field that is rapidly evolving. Thanks to the technical development during the latest decades many imaging methods are replaced with other techniques, i.e. computed tomography or imaging by using magnetic resonance. Despite of the big expansion and development of examination technology in radiology, conventional skiagraphy is still one of the first diagnostic methods for the most diseases. Conventional radiographs have irreplaceable role in the trauma diagnosis of axial skeleton. With the development of electronic systems digitalization of X-ray image also occurs. Digital radiography offers many advantages. In the theoretical part there were briefly described anatomical proportions of free upper and lower limbs, types of fractures, imaging methods in traumatology, the technical parameters of the used devices, and big part is devoted to individual injuries of free upper and lower limbs, and their basic X-ray projections, that are commonly used in radiodiagnostics departments. To the basic projections I briefly added possible special projections for given area according to the latest available literature, as well as the reference to the literature where I gained the information. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the incidence of the upper and lower limbs examination, depending on the calendar year, to compare the age range of the examined patients with trauma upper and lower limbs in a calendar year in Třebíč Hospital p. o. and to analyze the number of examinations of upper and lower limbs trauma at CT. There were four hypotheses: 1. The most common examined trauma of upper and lower limbs in Třebíč Hospital p. o. is distal forearm, 2. The largest group of examined patients with upper and lower limbs trauma in Třebíč Hospital p. o. during winter are senior citizens, 3. The largest group of examined patients with upper and lower limb trauma in Třebíč Hospital p. o. in the summer are children under 18 years, 4. The number of identical diagnoses from conventional X-ray and CT scans is the same. In the practical part of the thesis there was created transparent file of the frequency of trauma examinations of upper and lower limbs (loose upper and lower limbs) in Třebíč Hospital p. o. in the year 2015, when the indirect digitalization in X-ray department was. Then, number of examination for given part of the limbs in a calendar year was made. They were determined by age categories and there was conducted a comparison of examined patients with upper and lower limbs trauma in a calendar year for annual periods. The examinations sent to CT scan after the X-ray radiography were analyzed and the subtraction of the correct diagnoses by X-ray radiography was done. Required data were acquired from the hospital information system (NIS), version 2.0 of Třebíč Hospital p. o. Acquired data were processed and inserted into transparent graphs in the chapter Results. In the chapter Discussion the previous graphs are described according to set aims and the hypotheses are evaluated. This chapter also includes my comments and a summary of the results of the thesis and set hypotheses. The results show that all set objectives had been developed, illustrated and the hypotheses were verified. Hypothesis no. 1 was refuted it was revealed that the most common examination is the examination of the hand. Hypothesis no. 2 and no. 3 were also refuted the largest group of examined patients in both winter and summer belongs to the age category of 18-64 years. Hypothesis no. 4 was confirmed, in major part (92%) is the number of identical diagnosis the same for both methods. This thesis may be used by new radiology assistants, and other students. Senior radiology assistants may also use this thesis to refresh existing knowledge.
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Modern Imaging Techniques in Medicine
Pařízek, Aleš ; Neuwirthová, Ludmila (referee) ; Rujbrová, Šárka (advisor)
Cílem této práce je popsat základní principy a fyzikální veličiny spjaté s jednotlivými zobrazovacími metodami a poté jednotlivé metody porovnat. Práce popisuje vznik rentgenového záření, jeho interakci s různými materiály a metody snímaní pro vytvoření obrazů. Dále se práce zabývá základním principem vytvoření 3D obrazů pomocí počítačové tomografie a jednotlivými generacemi tomografických strojů. V poslední části se práce věnuje principu nukleární magnetické resonance a základním parametrům pro vytvoření obrazů pomocí MRI systémů.
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Investigative methods of gastrointestinal tract
ZATLOUKALOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis deals with investigative methods of examination of the gastrointestinal tract and their frequency in a given period carried out in the Hospital of Milosrdní bratří Brno, Znojmo Hospital and the Hospital of Uherské Hradiště a. s. It is graphically processed amount of medical services carried out during 20092014. Data were obtained from the database od radiodiagnostic department. It also to evaluates the work of radiological assistant during these medical examinations. I tried to point out that the basis of good results of individual tests is not only professionalism, both theoretical and practical knowledge of radiology assistant, but also sensitive and helpful and respectfull psychological support to the patient, which may fundamentally affect the test results.
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Calculation of efficient dose rtg diagnostic irradiation
Bažantová, Lucie ; Drastich, Aleš (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals primarily with the theory of ionizing radiation and its interaction with matter. It deals particularly with x-radiation and the methods of its use in medicine. The thesis contains a description of the origin of the x-ray image and a description of the techniques of radiography and skiascopy. A list of quantities and units used in radiation physics and in radiation protection has been set out, with regard to assessing the risk involved in the interaction of x-radiation with an organism. In particular, the effective dose and the methods of evaluating this during medical irradiation have been set out. The main parts of the work are an overview of the software environment used in radiation physics and an example of the calculation of an effective dose for a concrete radiographic examination together with a detailed description of the method of calculation. At the end of the thesis there is a table of calculated values and an evaluation of them.
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