|
|
Possibilities of hexavalent chromium reduction within portland cement hydration
Mončeková, Miroslava ; Koplík, Jan (referee) ; Šoukal, František (advisor)
The issue of Hexavalent chromium toxicity to Portland cement hydration is a very actual these days. It takes much effort to obtain a cement containing Cr(VI) less than 2 ppm. The primary objective of this diploma theses is to find appropriate reducing substances and specify their efficiency, as well as to make an attempt to optimize their dosage. As reducing substances there were plumbed sulphites and tin(II) salts. The influence of reducing substances applied to the hydration and cement properties were validated by strenght tests, the calorimetric measurement and the volume-variation measurement. And also the changes in hydration products microstructure of Portland clinker after the gypsum replacement by sulphite ions were plumbed. The study of microstructure is based on SEM and XRD methods.
|
|
|
Utilization possibilities of industry gypsum and secondary materials containing for preparation of composites
Weiglová, Jana ; Šoukal, František (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
The work studies the possibilities of the utilization of secondary raw materials produced by power industry. It addresses mainly the gypsum by-products and fluidized coal combustion ash. As for the secondary raw materials the content of sulphites is observed and the dependences of their transformation to sulphides via natural oxidation by air oxygen or by addition of adequate oxidant are studied. The work follows with describing the effect of sulphides contained in raw materials on the mechanical properties of composites prepared from several various matrices such as alumina or portland cement, lime or portland clinker. As for pure portland clinker the ability to retard the setting is also observed. The amount of contained sulphites is measured volumetrically via indirect titration of iodine surplus by sodium thiosulphate with the starch size as the indicator.
|
|
|
Plant-derived food preservatives as alternatives to sulfites
Kmeťová, Martina ; Leuner, Olga (advisor) ; Melnikovová, Ingrid (referee)
In present, fresh-cut foods, dried fruits and processed vegetables are often treated with sulfites against the spoilage and enzymatic browning. However, these additives cause undesirable health risks at a certain portion of the population. In addition, customers demand food without added chemicals. This Bachelor thesis is a literature review of substances with similar properties such as sulfites. These substances should have the ability to inhibit browning and undesirable microorganisms and act as antioxidants; substances of natural origin without health risks unchanging organoleptic properties of food and at the same time available for price allowing them to participate in tests on food models. As a result, sixteen compounds which exhibit very similar properties as sulfites were suggested for further research.
|
|
|
Microbiological control of dried fruit
Smolíková, Marie ; Popelářová, Eva (advisor) ; Šlapáková, Barbora (referee)
An important factor for assessing the quality of food is their microbial contamination. This Bachelor thesis deals with the microbiological quality of dried apples. Bachelor thesis is based on the assumption that the use of sulphites has influence of the content of microorganisms. The aim is therefore determine their number, the influence of use of sulphites on their content, eventually evaluate other effects of sulphites on dried apples.
Consuming food without additives is a trend of current time. If we are talking about dried fruit, additives are sulphites, which prevent primarily darkening of apples, they are used like preservatives, but they are allergen. So that is the reason why are Bio apples often coveted.
In the practical part were compared apples which were not sulphurized, apples which were sulphurized and Bio apples, which were made in Severofrukt a.s., Trávčice. It was used six samples of each type. In all samples were determinated total amount of microorganisms - CPM, amount of coliform bacterias, Escherichia coli, yeasts and molds. Assessment was performed on Petrifilms from NOACK Company. Samples were also sent to be compared to acredited labaratories. Next thing, which was done, was examination, if the use of sulphites has any other effects on dried apples.
All of samples fulfilled requirements of the Decree. In any of samples were not proven coliform bacteries or E.coli. According to analyzes Bio apples had the highest content of undesirable microorganisms. The total amount of microorganisms at them was in the average 11 000 KTJ/g. Sulphurized apples were less contamined than aplles, which were not sulphurized. The difference was almost about one half. This shows, that the use of sulphites has a positive influence on the content of microorganisms. And with the use of sensory evaluation was proved, that the use of sulphites has inluence on a colour of dried apples.
|
|
|
Possibilities of hexavalent chromium reduction within portland cement hydration
Mončeková, Miroslava ; Koplík, Jan (referee) ; Šoukal, František (advisor)
The issue of Hexavalent chromium toxicity to Portland cement hydration is a very actual these days. It takes much effort to obtain a cement containing Cr(VI) less than 2 ppm. The primary objective of this diploma theses is to find appropriate reducing substances and specify their efficiency, as well as to make an attempt to optimize their dosage. As reducing substances there were plumbed sulphites and tin(II) salts. The influence of reducing substances applied to the hydration and cement properties were validated by strenght tests, the calorimetric measurement and the volume-variation measurement. And also the changes in hydration products microstructure of Portland clinker after the gypsum replacement by sulphite ions were plumbed. The study of microstructure is based on SEM and XRD methods.
|
|
|
Utilization possibilities of industry gypsum and secondary materials containing for preparation of composites
Weiglová, Jana ; Šoukal, František (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
The work studies the possibilities of the utilization of secondary raw materials produced by power industry. It addresses mainly the gypsum by-products and fluidized coal combustion ash. As for the secondary raw materials the content of sulphites is observed and the dependences of their transformation to sulphides via natural oxidation by air oxygen or by addition of adequate oxidant are studied. The work follows with describing the effect of sulphides contained in raw materials on the mechanical properties of composites prepared from several various matrices such as alumina or portland cement, lime or portland clinker. As for pure portland clinker the ability to retard the setting is also observed. The amount of contained sulphites is measured volumetrically via indirect titration of iodine surplus by sodium thiosulphate with the starch size as the indicator.
|
guest ::
