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Social Management of Intragender Nudity
Tomková, Hana ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
Social management of intragender nudity Hana Tomková In this thesis, I examine women's behaviour in spaces with limited privacy, such as changing rooms and showers at sports venues or wellness facilities. In the theoretical part of the thesis I try to use the literature to highlight the issue of judging not only female nudity and the issue of increased female veiling in spaces where intragender nudity is expected. In this first, theoretical, part, I deal with the definition of shame and its possible presence in such spaces. I formulate the assumption that this shame, and by extension increased levels of veiling, may be due to the judgement of bodies based on the prevalence of medical and other professional discourses among the lay public. I use Foucaultian theories of judging the obedience and utility of the body to define such judgments in this thesis, where I attempt to point out that in our, modern, age, experts are not the only ones with the power to judge. In this thesis I have used qualitative research, specifically ethnographic and autoethnographic observations, supplemented by interviews. The research showed that rather than a sense of judgement, it is habit, covering up based on learned stereotypes, the desire to maintain personal space and, last but not least, personal responsibility,...
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The effect of shame in dictator games with information asymmetry
Miklánek, Tomáš
This study introduces a theoretical model of inequality aversion which can also be used in an environment with information asymmetries. The model is based on the non-paternalistic approach where, the own utility function incorporates the utility of other people as perceived by a decision maker. Moreover it allows extensions for other motives which may result in pro-social behavior. I extend the model by adding shame aversion as an additional driver for apparently altruistic behavior. Threat of shame is induced by different levels of exposure of either own actions or identity to the third party observers. I also experimentally test predictions of the model using a very simple environment of a dictator’s game. The experimental design aims to remove additional\nconfounding behavioral effects present in the previous literature. The results suggest that even a very small exposure results in significantly higher amounts sent to recipients. The analysis also shows that the agents, who believe that they can conceal their own actions in front of the less informed counterpart, exploit this information asymmetry for their monetary benefit.
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The Other Between Phenomenon and Dialogue
ALBRECHT, David
The thesis is concerned with the matter of intersubjectivity, traditionally called as ?a question of the other minds?. The new approach in this area was brought mainly by two philosophical movements: by phenomenology and by dialogical personalism. They both reacted to each other in this point, and their reflexions upon this matter resulted in very outstanding discoveries, with influence untill nowadays. Thesis introduces the concept of the Other in each of both mentioned traditions, simultaneously tries to grasp surprisingly similar result of philosofical analysis in different traditions, and also tries to stress the primacy of ethics in historical development of both traditions as a place of meeting of (the other) minds.
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