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Vhodnocení vlivu reprodukce na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic plemene český strakatý skot
ŠVAJLENOVÁ, Kamila
This work on the topic "Evaluation of the effect of reproduction on the milk yield of dairy cows of Czech pied cattle" deals with reproductive indicators that affect the milk yield of dairy cows. These indicators were monitored and evaluated in two different herds in the company JASANKA s.r.o. From both herds were selected 50 cows, in which the reproductive effects on milk yield were determined and subsequently evaluated, and then the herds were compared. The first part of this work deals with the breed Czech pied cattle and his history, reproduction and milk yield of cattle. Further were introduce the company JASANKA s.r.o. and in the last part of this work were introduce the results found in the herds. The first of the monitored indicators was the age at first calving, then the interval, service period, insemination interval, insemination index and reproductive disorders in the herds, and last but not least, recommendations for breeders to improve reproduction and milk yield in the herds. During the study, it was found that the average time of first calving in the given herds is 30-31 months and 26-27 months. The average values of the interval are 399 days and 406 days. The average values of the service period are 117 days and 124 days. Another of the examined effects was the insemination interval, for which the average values were 67.5 days and 74 days. The insemination index is 1.9 in both herds. Were discovered very high values of reproductive disorders and it 90% and 40%. Although the second does not show the best results, in some cases they are worse than the first herd, the level of milk yield is much higher here.
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Reprodukce v chovu holštýnského plemene skotu
Klimešová, Michaela
This bachelor thesis discusses reproduction of Holstein cattle. It deals with reproductive characteristics of the breed. In the first part it summarizes the basic morphological and physiological characteristics of female and male of Holstein cattle. The thesis deals with the most fundamental and nowadays even the most commonly used methods of heat detection. The second part deals with the selection of appropriate technology for successful insemination conception of dairy cows and heifers. We demonstrate the success of artificial insemination methods to detect pregnancy which are also summarized and described. In the third part of the thesis deals with the birth cow. The birth also includes the development of the foetus and treatment of the calf after the birth. For successful herd management is necessary to know the main indicators of reproductive properties which are also included in this study. Holstein cattle is very sensitive to changes in nutrition, but also changes in climatic conditions and this has resulted in lot of health problems which are reflected primarily in reproduction.
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Vyhodnocení reprodukčních ukazatelů v chovu skotu zaměřeného na produkci mléka
Klimešová, Michaela
In this diploma thesis an analysis of the reproductive indicators was performed in dairy cows of Holstein cattle and dairy cows of Czech fleckvieh on the four different farms located in the Vysočina region. In the thesis were evaluated average values of reproductive performance – service period, interval, insemination index, interim and pregnancy percentage. All values were compared between individual stock and between breeds. In addition, the success rate of slaughter in individual seasons was evaluated. A total of 772 inseminations were performed at ZOD Habry in the monitored pe-riod, the service period averaged 84.6 days, interval 59.6 days, insemination index 2.04, interim 375 days and 47.3 % pregnancy percentage. The highest pregnancy was in De-cember, January and February, while the lowest was in August, September and October. The second breeding of Czech fleckvieh was KLAS a.s. In this period, 510 inseminations were performed. The pregnancy percentage was 42.1 %, interim 387 days, the insemination index was 2.6, the interval of 63.8 days and the service period was 102.6 days. The lowest pregnancy values were in June, July, August and September. Highest in the months of March, April and October. The third agricultural enterprise was Osiva Přibyslav a.s., which bred Holstein cattle. In the meantime they reached values of 392 days, pregnancy percentage 43.3 %, interval 72.7 days, service period 120.3 days and insemination index 2.44. In total 702 inseminations was performed for the given year and the most pregnant dairy cows were in November, December and October, on the contrary in the summer months. The last breeding company was AGRO Posázaví a.s. breeding Holstein cattle. The lowest values of pregnant dairy cows were in the summer months and the most pregnant dairy cows were in the winter months. Interval values reached 70.3 days, insemination index 3.2, pregnancy percentage 33.8 %, interim 408 days and service period 125.8 days. A total of 1546 inseminations were performed.
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Biologické a ekonomické aspekty trvání servis periody skotu
Minaříková, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of factors influencing days to last breeding after calving. It was found that days to last breeding after calving were influenced by the year and month of calf birth, the year and month of conceiving, the calf sex and parity. Days to last breeding after calving were also affected by twins as well as live or still born calves. As can be seen from the results, there are many factors that affect days to last breeding after calving, but these have not yet been fully elucidated. However, due to days to last breeding after calving, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to the research of these factors.
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Vyhodnocení reprodukčních ukazatelů ve vybraném chovu dojnic v ZOD "Podhradí" Choustník
NEZBEDOVÁ, Marie
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate chosen influences on the extent of reproduction of randomly chosen milk cows that are bred in the same conditions. The chosen influences such as breed, age of the first calving, time of year of calving and level of yield were observed within breeds of Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein cattle. Evaluation was carried out in ZOD "Podhradí" Choustník company, specifically in Budislav farm. 191 cows were chosen for the basic sample. 95 of them were Holstein cattle and 96 were Czech mottled cattle. Chosen influences were evaluated according to data gained from the set of milk yield inspections. A statistically significant difference was observed between Czech ticks and Holstein cows in the length of service period per second and first lactation where Holstein cows have a second lactation period longer than 44 days (P <0.001). Evaluation of first calving age did not show any influence on the level of reproduction neither within Czech Fleckvieh nor within Holstein cattle. During the annual evaluation, it emerged that Holstein cows calved in spring and winter have significantly bigger insemination interval compared to cows that were calved during summer or autumn. This fact was also proven by correlation analysis. This analysis also confirmed the relation between annual period and insemination interval Rxy=0,21(P<0,05). The correlation analysis also proved the relation between annual period and service period as well as interim of Czech Fleckvieh cattle Rxy= 0,327 (P<0,01). Statistically significant influence was not proven within Holstein cattle. Correlation analysis only pointed out the relation between yield and service period Rxy=0,213 (P<0,05). Unlike Holstein cattle, gradual increase of service period figures and interim depending on yield was noticed. Breeding cows milking more that 7,5 thousand kg of milk per lactation had service period of 132 days (P<0,01) and interim 407 days (P<0,01). Economical losses caused by prolonged interim during monitored herd of cattle reached 400.490 CZK in year of 2016.
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The effect of reproduction traits on milk production and quality
Novotná, Markéta ; Toušová, Renata (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate fertility indicators and milk production on a selected farm. I have anticipated lower milk utility and less frequent pregnancy rate during summer time in comparison to other seasons.
The selected stable in Bílý Újezd is a part of ZEAS Podorlicko a.s. corporation. In this stable the dairy cattle of Holstein breed was studied. The breed was mixed with ayshir and red holstein, not exceeding 15% of blood mixture. Milk utility of 511 milkers was evaluated from October 1, 2013 to October 31, 2015. The data was gained from Milk Profi Data program and then statistically evaluated in SAS version 9.3. The analysis focused on the influence of lactation sequence, year influence, season influence and the influence of lactation period on daily milk production, percentage ingredient volume and the amount of somatic cells in milk.
The average count of lactations in a herd was 2.34 in the examined period and the average day of lactation was 169.32. A positive influence of lactation sequence on daily milk production was discovered (r = 0.056; P < 0.001). The highest daily milk production was detected within fourth lactation milkers (30.72 kg). Daily milk production was increasing year-on-year, the highest was in 2015 (32.09 kg). The influence of seasons on daily milk production was noticeable. Milkers had statistically the highest volumes of milk production in autumn (30.32 kg; P < 0.001). The lactation period had a negative influence on daily milk production (r = -0.548; P < 0.001). Till 60th day of lactation the daily volume of milk production was increasing, and then since 61st day till the end of lactation it was decreasing. The days of lactation had positive influence on fat content (r = 0.078; P < 0.001).
The influence of lactation sequence on a fat percentage could not be statistically proven. In 2013 the fat content was higher (3.84%) then in 2014 (3.64%). Compared to 2014, the fat content increased on 3.80% in 2015. The lowest fat content in milk was during summer (3.58%). In autumn the fat content reached 3.79% and it was the highest in winter (3.92%). The fat content decreased in spring, falling to 3.75%. A positive influence of lactation period on fat content was proven (r = 0.078; P < 0.001).
Any influence of lactation sequence on protein content was not statistically proven. The highest protein content was noted in 2013 (3.58%), then it decreased in 2014 on 3.52% and 3.48% in 2015. The highest protein content was reached in winter (3.62%). The protein content decresed in spring on 3.51% and the lowest level was in summer (3.38%). The protein content increased again in autumn reaching 3.60%. The influence of season was proven to be positive on lactation period and protein content (r = 0.451; P < 0.001).
A negative influence of lactation sequence on a lactose content was proven (r = -0.375 ; P < 0,001). A positive infuence in lactose content (r = 0.283; P < 0.001) was discovered throught seasons. The lowest lactose content was measured in winter (4.74%), it rose in spring reaching to 4.79% and in summer to 4.80%. The highest lactose content was in autumn (4.84%). Also a negative influcence of lactation period on lactose content was proven (r = -0.221; P < 0.001).
A positive influence of lactation sequence on the amount of somatic cells in ths/mL (r = 0.197; P < 0.001) was discovered. On the contrary the seasons had negative influence on the amount of somatic cells in ths/mL (r = -0.060; P < 0.001). A statistically noticeable difference was revealed between the amount of somatic cells measured in autumn (807.92 ths/mL) and in winter (968.58 ths/mL). The influence of lactation period on the amount of somatic cells was not proven.
Altogether 544 milkers were assesed for reproduction capability in the period from October 1, 2012 to October 31, 2015. The data was obtained from WebSkot program and statistically evaluated by SAS program version 9.3. The analysis focused on the influence of lactation sequence, insemination sequence and the month of insemination pregnancy rates, servis period and the interval of insemination.
The influence of lactation and the insemination sequence on pregnancy rate could not be proven. The analysis showed that the pregnancy rate was lower in August (23.69%) than in December (46.50%).
The influence of insemination on servis period could not be proven. A positive influence of insemination sequence on servis period was discovered (r = 0.802; P < 0.001). The influence of the month of the insemination on servis period was not proven as well.
The influence of lactation sequence nor insemination sequence on insemination interval was not proven. It was discovered that the insemination interval was shorter in December (70.01 days) then in July (90.15 days; P < 0.005).
Hypothesis, which presupposed lower milk utility in summer in comarison to winter was disproved. Hypothesis about lower pregnacy rates in summer months was proved.
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Vliv věku při prvním otelení na užitkovost dojnic
HERMANOVÁ, Alena
Breeding cattle is the most demanding sector in agricultural production. Primarily it is demanding in the economic aspect. Factors influencing the economy are proper reproduction and high milk yield quantity, we include these factors among the main breeding objectives. This thesis deals with the analysis of fertility of dairy cows and milk production of holstein cattle herd. The aim of this thesis was the analysis of data on reproduction and milk yield quantity of dairy cows. The following indicators of dairy cows were recorded: milk yield quantity, the age at first calving, parity, calving interval, service period and sex of unborn calves. 295 dairy cows with finished lactation were observed. The influences of the lactation on the milk yield quantity was statistically significant between the first to the second lactation, the first to the third lactation and the first to the fourth lactation. There is not statistically significant difference between the second to the third and the third to the fourth lactation. The influence of the lactation is not statistically significant to longitude set periods and to calving interval. The longest service period 137,10 days was on the fourth and the following lactation. The longest calving interval 406,35days was on the third lactation. The lowest service period 71,1 days was identified in the dairy cows with the yield of over 10 000 kilograms of milk. The dairy cows with milk yield quantity to 6000 kilograms of milk had the shortest calving interval 343 days. The dairy cows which were first calved at the age of 800 to 900 days had the highest yield quantity 8786,58 of milk. For sexes born calf on dairy cow milk yield quantity was a statistically significant difference in milk yield quantity between dairy cows that gave birth to the bull or heifer (p <0.05) in favor of dairy cows with calves born.
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