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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Evolution of nuclear and plastid genomes in euglenids
 Hrdá, Štěpánka ; Hampl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Krajčovič, Juraj (referee) ; Škaloud, Pavel (referee)
Algae form a diverse group of simple photosynthetic eukaryotes of polyphyletic origin. Algae with a primary plastid (Archaeplastida) acquired it by ingesting cyanobacterium, a prokaryote; algae with a complex plastid acquired their plastid by ingesting another eukaryote with a primary or already complex plastid. Algae with a complex plastid are chimeras containing genes derived from the host genome, as well as genes derived from the genome of the endosymbiont, and also genetic material derived from genomes of their previous stable or transient endosymbionts. One of the groups with plastid derived from green algae are euglenophytes. This thesis deals with the genomes of three organisms that represent individual actors in the endosymbiotic process in euglenophytes. These are a heterotrophic host from the class Euglenida, a phototrophic endosymbiont from the class of green algae Prasinophyceae and the resulting phototrophic euglenid from the group Euglenophyceae. Knowledge of their genomes should illuminate the course of endosymbiotic gene transfer (EGT) in the formation of algae with a complex plastid. We annotated the plastid genome of a phototrophic euglenid Eutreptiella gymnastica and published it as the third plastome of Euglenophytes after the iconic and economically important Euglena gracilis...
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Transport of proteins into secondary plastids
 Vanclová, Anna ; Hampl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee)
Secondary plastids can be found in many unrelated groups of organisms among three supergroups - Excavata, Rhizaria and Chromista. Primary plastids in contrast are unique and defining feature of the Archaeplastida supergroup. Secondary plastids have arisen through several independent endosymbiotic events, in which engulfment of an eukaryotic cell containing primary plastid occured and its reduction and integration by transfering bulk of their genome into host nucleus occured. Crucial difference between primary and secondary plastids is number of surrounding membranes which need to be crossed by nucleus-encoded proteins which is higher in secondary plastids. Mechanisms of protein transport into secondary plastids are therefore more complicated and more molecules and signals partake in these mechanisms. Diversity of secondary plastid-bearing organisms notably contrasts with the fact that the transport pathways and molecules they use often share mechanism of function and origin. These similarities probably reflect general principles of cell biology and not phylogeny.
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