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Autonomous Robotic Gamma Radiation Measurement
Lázna, Tomáš ; Burian, František (referee) ; Žalud, Luděk (advisor)
Tato práce se zaměřuje na autonomní lokalizaci radiologických zdrojů v definované oblasti zájmu. Jejím cílem je vyvinout lokalizační strategie a platformu, na které je bude možné vyzkoušet. Platforma je sestavena z průzkumného robotu Orpheus-X3, scintilačních detektorů a přesného GNSS přijímače. Algoritmus pro vytváření mapy distribuce radiačního pole je rozšířen. Jsou představeny nové metody založené na směrové citlivosti navrhovaného detekčního systému. Počáteční průzkum oblasti zájmu je uskutečněn pomocí kružnicových trajektorií. Všechny algoritmy byly otestována jak simulacemi, tak reálnými experimenty. Dosažená přesnosti lokalizace je v řádu desítek centimetrů. Časová efektivita je použitím nových algoritmů zvýšena přibližně dvakrát až pětkrát. Jedním z~přínosů práce je vývoj modulárního systému, který může být přesunut a uzpůsoben na jiné platformy. Výhodou použitého systému je vysoký stupeň autonomie a bezpečnost pro lidského operátora.
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Measurement of radioactive radiation
Dyntarová, Markéta ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Chmelař, Milan (advisor)
The theoretical part of this Bachelor thesis, „The measurement of ionizing radiation”, is devoted to certain knowledge of radiation. It is concerned with problems of ionizing radiation detection, sorts of ionizing radiation are described shortly together with its influences on human organism and with abilities of organism protection. Thesis also contains description of solid phase detectors of ionizing radiation with detailed description of gas filled detectors. The practical part of this Bachelor thesis is focused on designing of radiation detector with GM counter and realization of indication part device.
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Optical fibres for ionising radiation measurements
Zbožínek, Tadeáš
The work focuses on studying methods of measuringionizing radiation using optical fibres. More attention is paidto their use, together with scintillation materials. The proposedmethod allows the connection of an electronic detector witha scintillation sensor by optical means. The interconnectionprovides the possibility of shielding the detector from the effectsof high ionizing radiation activities. The shielded detector will thusnot be subject to the adverse effects of this radiation and can beused even for long-term measurements of high activities. Firstexperimental measurements of reference sources verifythe principle of the proposed method.
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Optical fibres for ionising radiation measurements
Zbožínek, Tadeáš ; Jelínek, Michal (referee) ; Mikel, Břetislav (advisor)
The work focuses on studying methods of measuring ionizing radiation using optical fibres. More attention is paid to their use, together with scintillation materials. The proposed method allows the connection of an electronic detector with a scintillation sensor by optical means. The interconnection provides the possibility of shielding the detector from the effects of high ionizing radiation activities. The shielded detector will thus not be subject to the adverse effects of this radiation and can be used even for long-term measurements of high activities. First experimental measurements of reference sources verify the principle of the proposed method and help to select the best choice for the type of optical fibre.
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Autonomous Robotic Gamma Radiation Measurement
Lázna, Tomáš ; Burian, František (referee) ; Žalud, Luděk (advisor)
Tato práce se zaměřuje na autonomní lokalizaci radiologických zdrojů v definované oblasti zájmu. Jejím cílem je vyvinout lokalizační strategie a platformu, na které je bude možné vyzkoušet. Platforma je sestavena z průzkumného robotu Orpheus-X3, scintilačních detektorů a přesného GNSS přijímače. Algoritmus pro vytváření mapy distribuce radiačního pole je rozšířen. Jsou představeny nové metody založené na směrové citlivosti navrhovaného detekčního systému. Počáteční průzkum oblasti zájmu je uskutečněn pomocí kružnicových trajektorií. Všechny algoritmy byly otestována jak simulacemi, tak reálnými experimenty. Dosažená přesnosti lokalizace je v řádu desítek centimetrů. Časová efektivita je použitím nových algoritmů zvýšena přibližně dvakrát až pětkrát. Jedním z~přínosů práce je vývoj modulárního systému, který může být přesunut a uzpůsoben na jiné platformy. Výhodou použitého systému je vysoký stupeň autonomie a bezpečnost pro lidského operátora.
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The comparison of plastic scintillation detector with detector NaI(Tl), their utility and dosimetric properties. 1. The plastic scintillator detector 2. NaI(Tl) detector
VÁVRA, Jiří
This bachelor thesis deals with ionizing radiation, especially with its detection by another name measurement, in two scintillation detectors of ionizing radiation, a plastic scintillation detector and the detector of thallium-activated sodium iodide by another name NaI (Tl). The first description of an ionizing radiation in general terms is in the first chapter, eg. what is ionizing radiation and radioactivity, types of radioactive decay are listed and explained, further there are explained the interaction of ionizing radiation. Subsequently there are shown the passage of ionizing radiation by the material and in shortly way sources of ionizing radiation. Then there are quantities and units characterizing the radiation field in the space and the radiation exposure to the substance. As I do not deal with the effects of ionizing radiation on the organism in my bachelor thesis, there are not listed quantities and units associated with it. After information about ionizing radiation there is general information about scintillation detectors, which ideal properties should have scintillation material, the principle of scintillation detectors. In particular, there are information about mentioned detectors and their properties. The aim of the thesis is to compare the plastic scintillation detector with the detector NaI (Tl), which are used very often nowadays. Then to compare functional characteristics of these detectors, which are used in dosimetry, in industry, healthcare, and others. Then to compare efficiency, resolution, energy dependence, etc. with using the measurement of point emitters. There were used to measure the detectors of the same size for effective comparison, then radionuclide sources emitting the ionizing radiation with different energies in the entire measurement range. All measurements were made over a sufficiently long period and in the lead shielding to avoid interference from other (natural) radiation. The resulting spectras are indicated by peaks of the radionuclides to be a distinct difference in the resolution at used detectors, then there is graphically illustrated the light yield of detectors. I performed the energy calibration of both detectors, the efficiency calibration of the detector only at NaI (Tl) detector. It was not possible to implement this calibration at a plastic detector mainly due to the bad resolution of the detector and the resulting lack of calibration points. This problem has resulted that the energy calibration curve is not linear at a plastic detector; therefore, it is not entirely optimal. Both formed curves are essentially ideal at the detector NaI (Tl). It is shown from the measured spectras and their evaluation that the detector NaI (Tl) has a significantly better resolution and better light yield. So why and for what to use a plastic scintillator detector? The fact is discussed at the end of this thesis. Although plastic detectors have low spectrometric properties, they are used very often. Mainly because they are several times cheaper and they can be produced in large sizes and different shapes for a reasonable price. They are used for quick selection, thus determining whether the measured object emits ionizing radiation or not. NaI (Tl) detectors are used to identify radionuclides because of their relatively high resolution.
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Measurement of radioactive radiation
Dyntarová, Markéta ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Chmelař, Milan (advisor)
The theoretical part of this Bachelor thesis, „The measurement of ionizing radiation”, is devoted to certain knowledge of radiation. It is concerned with problems of ionizing radiation detection, sorts of ionizing radiation are described shortly together with its influences on human organism and with abilities of organism protection. Thesis also contains description of solid phase detectors of ionizing radiation with detailed description of gas filled detectors. The practical part of this Bachelor thesis is focused on designing of radiation detector with GM counter and realization of indication part device.
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