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Využití druhu Terminalia brownii pro zalesňování v jižní Etiopii
Raab, Jakub
This work is primarily focused on determining the growth capacity of Terminalia brownii species during plantations under mechanical erosion control measures in the southern region of Ethiopia. The aim of the work is therefore to determine the growth capacity and its properties in two standard types of erosion control measures and compare them with the growth characteristics of natural regeneration occurring in the study area. To address this issue, a field research was organized in Arba Minch, Ethiopia, where plantations of the investigated species were implemented. The area of interest was divided into test plots, where the number of planted seedlings, the number of growing individuals, and the number of naturally regenerated pieces were counted. The height and stem diameter at a height of 15 cm were measured for each growing individual. The results evaluate the mortality of the species in various erosion control measures and its growth characteristics. The work thus demonstrates the growth capacity and the dependence of height on stem diameter for different forms of erosion control measures.
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Analýza parametrů sazenic lesních dřevin z hlediska atraktivity pro prase divoké (Sus scrofa L.)
Petrů, Markéta
Increasing population of wild boar correlate with increasing damage not only on agricultural lands on crops or grasslands, but also in forests. This damage is mainly on new forest tree plantations which in no way contributes to the successful restoration of clearings after the bark beetle calamity and has a negative impact on the economy. This diploma thesis describes possible influences that may affect the plants attractiveness for wild boar and their damage. An inventory of plants damage was carried out on randomly selected areas in the areas of southern, central and eastern Moravia. A series of experiments with plantings was also performed on the experimental area in the Moravský Krumlov game reserve, where the behaviour of pigs towards these plantings was monitored by the analysis of damaged seedlings and also from pictures taken by photo traps. Obtained inventory data showed us that the wild boar preferred containerized seedlings and deciduous tree species however the experimental system planting did not show a preference for the root system. Seedlings damage was demonstrated in the vast majority only by pulling or rooting without damaging the root system. In terms of time the seedlings were most damaged in the first week after planting, then the risk of damage decreased. To reduce the risk of disturbance by pigs on plantings a method of protection against this damage is not known yet, so the most effective solution remains to reduce the population of wild boar in affected areas.
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Vliv stanoviště a velikosti holiny na odrůstání kultur douglasky tisolisté
Karlíček, Josef
This thesis aims to determine an impact of size (coverage) of regeneration element, type of the planting stock used, trophic state of the site and time of planting on growing out of the Douglas fir plantation. In total, three plantations (two in spring and one in autumn) were carried out at six different sites. For each plantation, about 100 bare-root plants and about 100 containered plants were planted at each site. In autumn of 2013 (after ending the plant increments), length of the part above ground, the last increment of the apical part and branch, thickness of the root collar were measured for all plants planted (about 3,600 plants in total); further, number of live branches on the stem, length of branches with needles, shape of the stem, occurrence of branch increment this year, colour of needles and length of needles were determined. In addition to this, damage to plants and the overall health condition of the plants were evaluated. Subsequently, statistic evaluation was carried out according to individual sites. The results showed if the plants are not damaged significantly (in particular by frost and pine weevil), then, regarding the trophic state, the nutrient sites are more preferable for Douglas fir cultivation. Regarding the size of clearing area or regeneration element coverage, underplantings and small sheltered clearing areas are very suitable for establishment of Douglas fir plantation. For spring planting, bare-root planting stock is best to use; for autumn planting, the containered planting stock shows to be better to use. Furthermore, it was found time of planting has no significant impact on the plantation growing out for spring planting; on the contrary, the autumn planting can be assessed positively. Douglas fir was also confirmed to suffer late spring frost frequently on the large open clearing area, resulting in decreased increment in a given year and negative influence on the overall health condition of the plants. In addition, damage to plants caused by pine weevil cannot be neglected.
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Obnovní experiment na kalamitní holině - Rakovec I (ŠLP Křtiny)
Schramm, Daniel
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the success and cost evaluation experiment of regeneration of forest in the area named Rakovec I (ŠLP) For this purpose, was established 5 different types of forest regeneration on the clearing area on an area of 0.15 hectares. This area was formed after the wind calamity in mostly unoriginal spruce forest. Monitoring was conducted on this area from spring 2013 to autumn 2015. The "A" variant simulates re-growth using sowing of an alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn) into a manually pre-prepared soil. The variant "B" represents the re-growth of forest by using a broadcast sowing of a birch (Betula pendula Roth.). The variant "C" represents the re-growth through sowing an alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn) and a birch (Betula pendula Roth.), into a mechanickly pre-prepared soil. The variants "D" and "E" simulate re-growth using bare root plant, planted by dibble level planting. For the variant "D" is selected a tree species alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn), and for the variant "E" isselected a spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten). According to an economic standpoint it is the least expensive a variant "B" (13,508.37 CZK/ha), in which is the only expense the purchase of seeds and subsequent sowing. Conversely, the most expensive variant is a variant of "E" (81,270 CZK/ha). Highest success of forest regeneration is a variant of "D", when from a total count of 93 pieces of seedlings in the autumn of 2015 was on the area a count of 90 pieces of viable individualsThe lowest succed of forest regeneration is in the variant "C", in which was found in the autumn of 2014 only 22 pieces of viable individuals on an area of 0.021 hectares.
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Growth performance of common-sized planting stock and saplings after plantation on forest sites
Kaiser, Josef ; Kuneš, Ivan (advisor) ; Tužinský, Marek (referee)
The clear-cut area which is afforested in the Czech Republic is around 20 th. hectares large annually. In the last decades, we have observed frequent periods of the spring and late summer drought, which significantly negatively influence survival of the reglarly used transplants (RUT) however. Thus, it is necessary to search methods, which can decrease such losses. One possiblity how to solve this problém is to used containered transplants, the second one is the use of the plant material (PM) of bigger size (semi-large-sized=SLSPS and large-sized planted stock=LSPS). These larger plants are more resistant to unsuitable influences of environment than the RUT. The advantage of SLSPS and LSPS is also shorter time of necessary care to plants and lower costs to secure plants in comparison to RUT. Above mentioned facts were taken into consideration in creation of instructions for my bachelor thesis. The goal was to estimate the parameters of mortality and growth of selected various PM, moreover on sites heavily influenced by human activities. As model trees were selected: oak (Quercus robur) and lime (Tilia cordata). PM was generally bare-rooted (RUT, SLSPS and LSPS) and planting was done by mechanize equipment (into bored holes) at study sites Truba (Kostelec nad Černými lesy) and Hůrka (Planá nad Lužnicí). The first part of experiment was established at Truba on area of former forest nursery and cosisted of lime RUT and LSPS, the second one was established at site Hůrka in area of former sand querry, where RUT, and oak and lime SLSPS and LSPS were used. No one site was moved during experiments. The measurement on Truba was repeated on spring and on autumn 2012-15 and in 2015 on Hůrka. The height of PM was evaluated by using scale lath, the thickness of stem was measured above ground by using digital scale. Subsequently, data were evaluated in Excel and statistically tested by Kruskal-Wallis test. The results indicate, that mortality of RUT at Truba is 5 times larger than that of LSPS. The similar result was obtained also at Hůrka, the mortality of lime RUT was twice larger than in case of LSPS however. The lowest mortality was observed surprisely on SLSPS. The comparison of the oak RUT and LSPS indicated no any differences in mortality. The mortality of oak PM was generally significantly lover than lime PM one. Statistical tests also indicated, that the size of study sets of PM was too low for optimal scientific evaluation of selected parameters. The obtained results also indicate, that important factor, which influences mortality must be (apart from type of the PM) also additional, non-defined factors of environment up to now.
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Vliv stanoviště na růst douglasky tisolisté
Karlíček, Josef
The aim of the study was to determine the effectsof the growth the cultures after the first growing season size (coverage). Especially in terms of:a regeneration element, a type of planting stock, fertility habitat and a time of planting. In total, the three plantations were carried out (two spring and one autumn) at six different sites and the only first two were evaluated in this study. 100 seedlings cover-rootedand approximately 100 seedlings bare-rooted were planted at each planting date. In autumn (after the increment of seedlings) there were measured:a length of the herbage, an annual increment and terminal branches, a thickness of aneck root, anumber of live branches on a trunk, branches with needles length, astrain shape, an occurrence of aannual increment branches, a needles color and alength of needles; at a total of about 2,400 individuals. There was also rated adamage of seedlings and an overall health of the planted plants. Subsequently, the statistical analysis was performed according to the particular sites. The results show that the increment of seedlings most affects frost damages, so it is unsuitable for planting large and uncovered clearings. On the contrary, the best results were obtained in underplantings and small clearings. The evaluation also shows that better results are achieved withbare-rootedplanting material. The favorable sitesfor Douglas firfrom the perspective of fertility arethe breeding sites. After comparing early and late spring planting, we can conclude that the time has not significant impact on the growth of the seedlings.
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