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Substances
Zadražilová, Lenka ; Písaříková, Jana (referee) ; Fexová, Patricie (advisor)
The thesis is part of a long-term project in which I focus on dust. The scope of this material is, however, narrowed down and the thesis comes to a point where the focus is on only one kind of dusty substance – wood dust, sawdust, or wood in general. The series of paintings with the motif of wood, which is applied with sawdust on wooden boards, does not only thematize a certain form of dust, but also a certain linguistic category and experience with wood, or the experience of working with it, developed since the time of my childhood because of living in a carpenter's family. The thesis contains a combination of painterly and conceptual starting points, drawing on and benefiting from the experience of earlier artwork on a dust project.
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Bio-based composites made from lactic acid resins
Smiřický, Jan ; Černý, Miroslav (referee) ; Figalla, Silvestr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is about the synthesis of polyurethane glue, which is capable of gluing together sawdust, and about the testing of the mechanical characteristics of the glue and sawdust compostion. This glue is biodegradable and is created from renewable resources, this is why it could be an appropriate replacement for phenol formaldehyde, melamine, and urea formaldehyde resins. Another indisputable advantage is the absence of arenes in the macromolecule structure, which can be carcinogenic. In this synthesis, the compounds polylactic acid and hexamethylene diisocyanate were chosen, the former as the polyol and the latter as the isocyanate. In the theoretical section of the thesis, the used compounds are described in terms of their characteristics, their creation and the tests of the composites as well. In the experimental section, the conducted experiments are described.
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Study on pretreatment and hydrolysis of selected lignocellulose materials
Kovářová, Markéta ; Dvořák, Miloš (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on study of chemical and enzymatical hydrolysis of raw wood material. The aim of this work was to find the suitable method for pretreatment of selected lignocellulose materials. The theoretical part deals with characterization of lignocellulosic material and its components. There are also subscribed various pretreatment methods and their effect on hydrolysis of sawdust. In experimental part of the work the most appropriate approach of pretreatment and hydrolysis of sawdust was studied. Criteria for the selection of suitable method was concentration of saccharides as desired product of hydrolysis and also concentration of the most important microbial inhibitors - polyphenols. Application of 96% ethanol or 5% H2O2 were identified as the most promising pretreatment methods which enhanced yields of fermentable sugars about 30 %. Further, we also performed cultivation of bacteria Burkholderia cepacia and bacteria Burkholderia sacchari using solution obtained by hydrolysis of lignocellulose material.
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Utilization of spent wood chips for biotechnological production of PHA
Ladický, Peter ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
The aim of this work was to study the suitability of wood shavings and sawdust as a substrate for microbial production of PHA by bacteria Burkholderia cepacia and Burkholderia sacchari. In the experimental part of the work the most appropriate approach of hydrolysis of wood shaving and sawdust and the effect of polyphenol and furfural concentration on ability to accumulate PHA was studied. Burkholderia sacchari had greater ability to accumulate PHA compared to Burkholderia cepacia. PHB values 87–89 % were achieved when Bulkholderia sacchari was cultivated on medium that contained detoxified hydrolysate of sawdust. Sawdust is therefore a promising substrate for microbial production of PHA in terms of reducing production costs and high content of PHB in biomass.
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Determination of stability of fuel feeding into boiler
Skalický, Michal ; Chýlek, Radomír (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the determination of stability of fuel feeding into boiler. The principle of the screw conveyor is described at the beginning of the thesis. It is followed by a description of the individual parts of the worm. The second part of the research deals with the properties of the materials transported. The second half of the bachelor thesis is practical. In this section there are experimentally measured values of flow of sawdust and wood chips. At the end, the measured values are compared and evaluated.
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The Effect of Sawdust on the Refractoriness of Insulation Chamotte
Smékalová, Veronika ; Kotásek, Martin (referee) ; Sokolář, Radomír (advisor)
Lightweight refractory products have their place between refractory materials. Still the most common way of lightweighting is by using burnable components. This bachelor work includes the theoretical part, which deals with raw materials for lightweight fireclay, manufactory, and also testing lightweight refractory products. The second part of this work deals with foreign research and its results in this area. The practical part examines the influence of the types of sawdust (spruce or beech) on properties of lightweight refractory materials. The work focuses mainly on heat resistance, temperature usability, thermal conductivity, and density. These properties are evaluated with consideration to the ash which is created by burning sawdust.
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Determination of stability of fuel feeding into boiler
Skalický, Michal ; Chýlek, Radomír (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the determination of stability of fuel feeding into boiler. The principle of the screw conveyor is described at the beginning of the thesis. It is followed by a description of the individual parts of the worm. The second part of the research deals with the properties of the materials transported. The second half of the bachelor thesis is practical. In this section there are experimentally measured values of flow of sawdust and wood chips. At the end, the measured values are compared and evaluated.
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Bio-based composites made from lactic acid resins
Smiřický, Jan ; Černý, Miroslav (referee) ; Figalla, Silvestr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is about the synthesis of polyurethane glue, which is capable of gluing together sawdust, and about the testing of the mechanical characteristics of the glue and sawdust compostion. This glue is biodegradable and is created from renewable resources, this is why it could be an appropriate replacement for phenol formaldehyde, melamine, and urea formaldehyde resins. Another indisputable advantage is the absence of arenes in the macromolecule structure, which can be carcinogenic. In this synthesis, the compounds polylactic acid and hexamethylene diisocyanate were chosen, the former as the polyol and the latter as the isocyanate. In the theoretical section of the thesis, the used compounds are described in terms of their characteristics, their creation and the tests of the composites as well. In the experimental section, the conducted experiments are described.
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Study on pretreatment and hydrolysis of selected lignocellulose materials
Kovářová, Markéta ; Dvořák, Miloš (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on study of chemical and enzymatical hydrolysis of raw wood material. The aim of this work was to find the suitable method for pretreatment of selected lignocellulose materials. The theoretical part deals with characterization of lignocellulosic material and its components. There are also subscribed various pretreatment methods and their effect on hydrolysis of sawdust. In experimental part of the work the most appropriate approach of pretreatment and hydrolysis of sawdust was studied. Criteria for the selection of suitable method was concentration of saccharides as desired product of hydrolysis and also concentration of the most important microbial inhibitors - polyphenols. Application of 96% ethanol or 5% H2O2 were identified as the most promising pretreatment methods which enhanced yields of fermentable sugars about 30 %. Further, we also performed cultivation of bacteria Burkholderia cepacia and bacteria Burkholderia sacchari using solution obtained by hydrolysis of lignocellulose material.
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The Effect of Sawdust on the Refractoriness of Insulation Chamotte
Smékalová, Veronika ; Kotásek, Martin (referee) ; Sokolář, Radomír (advisor)
Lightweight refractory products have their place between refractory materials. Still the most common way of lightweighting is by using burnable components. This bachelor work includes the theoretical part, which deals with raw materials for lightweight fireclay, manufactory, and also testing lightweight refractory products. The second part of this work deals with foreign research and its results in this area. The practical part examines the influence of the types of sawdust (spruce or beech) on properties of lightweight refractory materials. The work focuses mainly on heat resistance, temperature usability, thermal conductivity, and density. These properties are evaluated with consideration to the ash which is created by burning sawdust.
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