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Selected aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare professionals
POLAN, Martin
The diploma thesis focused on the question of what impact the COVID-19 disease pandemic had on healthcare workers. The theoretical part compares the available literature and provides the necessary information about the causative agent of this viral disease. Furthermore, stress, its causes, risk factors, manifestations and methods of its management are described. The biggest space here is devoted to the burnout syndrome. The aim of the research part was to find out to what extent burnout syndrome occurs in health workers and what factors influence it. The research was carried out in selected departments in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s., specifically in the Internal Medicine Department, Anesthesiology-resuscitation Department, Emergency Department, Infectious Diseases Department and Department of Hospital Hygiene and Epidemiology. The necessary data were obtained in the form of quantitative research, through the standardized questionnaire "Maslach Burnout Inventory." These results were evaluated and statistically verified in order to confirm or refute the hypotheses. As a result, well over 50 % of healthcare workers experienced worsening symptoms of burnout during the pandemic. The connection between a certain factor and the presence of burnout syndrome was statistically proven only for the factor of village size, where people from villages with a population of up to 3,000 showed a lower rate of burnout than people from villages with a higher number of inhabitants.
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Public awareness in the South Bohemian Region about prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease
PECHOVÁ, Silvie
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to map the knowledge about thromboembolic disease in the public in the South Bohemian region. The first part of the work is devoted to a theoretical description of thromboembolic disease. The second part of the work is research and was developed using a qualitative research survey using a semi-structured interview. The interviews were anonymous and were conducted with sixteen informants. These were selected by the snowball method according to predetermined criteria. The interviews were conducted in the period from December 2020 to March 2021. Subsequently, they were literally transcribed and analysed using the pencil-paper method. Based on the data analysis, a total of 7 categories with 20 subcategories were identified. Based on the analysis of the data, it is possible to determine the quality of public information and the difference in the perception of the disease between healthy, at-risk and treated people. It was found that both awareness and perception of thromboembolic disease is highly individual, and several factors play a role. It turns out that in people at risk, this disease is perceived as a danger that can endanger a person's life every day. People in treatment perceive thromboembolic disease as a complication they have learned to live with and do not think about the risks that threaten them in connection with thromboembolic disease. In healthy individuals, thromboembolic disease is perceived as a serious disease of the cardiovascular system. Furthermore, it can be said that the inhabitants of the South Bohemian Region have extensive knowledge about the prevention of thromboembolic disease and are aware of its importance, but at the same time it was found that most people are aware of their reserves in complying with these rules. It also turns out that in the areas of complications of thromboembolic disease, the knowledge of informants is not sufficient. Based on the results, recommendations were made for practice aimed at supporting the importance of exercise in prevention and to emphasize prevention in health education.
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Prevention of the Colorectal cancer through the view of the public in the Pilsen region
KOTÁBOVÁ, Anna
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of public awareness of the colorectal cancer and its prevention. The aim of this work is to map the lay public knowledge of the colorectal cancer prevention in the Pilsen region. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy and physiology of the large intestine and the disease itself. It's focused on the symptoms of cancer and on the examination methods and treatment options. Big emphasis is put on prevention projects, because with the colorectal cancer prevention is absolutely essential. The research part was done through the qualitative research method via semi-structured interviews. The respondents were randomly selected with the help of the snowball method (so called Snowball Sampling). The interviews were performed via questions prepared in advance. The research set was composed of twenty respondents from the Pilsen region. The interviews were recorded and then manually transcribed on paper. It emerged from the collected information that most of the respondents know the causes, symptoms and risk factors related to the cause of the colorectal cancer. Nonetheless our respondents still underestimate primary prevention in large measure. The responses show that the respondents would be willing to change their lifestyle only if somebody close to them got ill. It is shown that the respondents older than 50 years have additional information about the prevention of the colorectal cancer. The gender of the respondents plays an important role in deciding whether to make use of the screening examination and undergo the occult bleeding test. Based on the research, women accept preventative measures more than men. All of the respondents give the prevention great importance. The research shows the need to inform and motivate the patients to primary and secondary prevention. The result of this work is creating a proposal for a card, which could be used in a short intervention about the prevention of the colorectal cancer.
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Substance use and evaluation of prevention activities of students of Secondary School Vimperk
JINDRA, Jaromír
This work deals with the use of addictive substances by high school students and with the evaluation of preventive activities. I´ts task is to find out the opinions and experiences of students with addictive substances and preventive activities. There was chosen following goal of the work: "Identification of risk factors of students behavior due to substance use and evaluation of primary prevention of risk behavior." The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts, where the theoretical part briefly describes the prevention of risky behavior and the most commonly used addictive substances. Specifically, the areas of risk and protective factors, primary prevention of risky behavior, school and drug prevention, the effects of addictive substances and their relationship to risky behavior were described. The practical part is processed with a quantitative strategy by the statistical method, where the technique of data collection was used a questionnaire survey conducted among students of Vimperk High School. The results of the research show, that the most fundamental risk factor affecting students is their closest social environment, their family, friends and peers. Prevention is effective in the use of hard drugs, which is not the case with tobacco cigarettes, alcoholic beverages and marijuana. The results of the work can serve as a mapping of the current situation of risky behavior due to the use of addictive substances used for further research and as a comparative material. They can also serve as a basis for practical use in creating prevention programs and to improve primary prevention.
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Non-pharmacological procedures in the treatment of stroke - the role of nurse
PAZOUR, Petr
Cerebrovascular accidents have attracted the attention of physicians since ancient times. A stroke is a global problem and one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality, but also one of the causes of long-term disability. In recent years, a stroke has become an urgent condition. The division of stroke into ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke has become common. In ischemic episodes, the effect of acute, follow-up and rehabilitation care in stroke centers has been demonstrated, as has revascularization therapy. Thanks to modern methods of treatment of stroke, we have moved forward. The aim of the thesis is to describe non-pharmacological procedures in the treatment of stroke and to emphasize their great importance in patient recovery process, their wide range allows some patients to return to normal life in whole or partly. In patients with higher disability, they help to improve their quality of life. An important part of the entire spectrum of care is a general nurse, who ensures continuous care of the patient both physically and mentally, an integral part of the nurse´s work is satisfying the basic needs of the patient. Qualitative research was chosen to achieve the goal, the research will be conducted through a semi-structured interview with non-medical health professionals (nurses) who care for patients after a stroke at the neurological department of the district hospital of the Vysočina region. From research shows that in the rearched department, non-medical staff know thein role in education, they consider the application of Fraxiparin, nutrition and self-care to be the most common area sof education. Among the most commonly used forms of education, non-medical staff ranks explanations and demonstrations. The output of the diploma thesis dealing with non-pharmacological procedures in the treatment of a stroke - the role of the nurse, should serve as an insight into the issue and point out the importance of prevention and the scope of non-pharmacological procedures.
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Healthy social style in the concept of today´s teenagers
KOVAŘÍKOVÁ, Leontina
The topic of my bachelor thesis is the healthy lifestyle in the concept of today´s youths in a chosen categories of lifestyle. On a basic of my survey was listed subjective concepts of health of youths from different countries and their incentives in keeping regularities of health regarding their pictures of the matters.
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Effect of risk factors associated with family system on the development of substance use disorders in offspring - case study
Krejsa, Bohumil ; Kalina, Kamil (advisor) ; Kuda, Aleš (referee)
Introduction: The diploma thesis deals with the dangerous aspects of development of narcotics on descendants in a family system. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes basics of the family system and its disorders. It includes parents' roles and the risk of the family enviromnent and its influence on the upbringing of a child. The thesis also deals with family factors that ilnfluence family environment. The end of the theoretical part describes types of dangerous and protective factors that influence the formation of descendant's addiction.The practical part is based on qualitative research. The research is made on five case studies. The respondents undergo an institutional treatment based on addictional disorder. Aim: The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe the summary of family dangerous and protective factors that may predict presence of alcohol abuse in children and teenagers. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain the data, which were then analyzed by the method of creating clusters. Results: This diploma thesis shows that in nearly all the case studies in this research , dangerous and protective factors described in the theoretical part appeared. What appears frequently is the disfunctional family system...
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The prevalence of substance abuse in chlidren's homes
Portmannová, Jana ; Harsa, Pavel (advisor) ; Kmoch, Vladimír (referee)
Base: The use of addictive substances is still an actual problem as well as primary prevention which should be in the center of focus. Children in orphanage are a group with higher risk due to the absence of strong parental element in their life. They can also suffer from various psychical problems. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to map the misuse of additive substances in children's homes and describe the problems connected to it from the point of view of guardians and how can those problems be solved. Methods: The questionnaire was chosen for the data collection. The answers had been collected for two months and then evaluated by Google Forms and Microsoft Office Word. Two groups were addressed - clients od children's home and one guardian of the same home. Results: The questionnaire proved that most of the children had used the addictive substances, most of them are addicted to at least one and even though the primary prevention is present in those establishments. Conclusions: Clients in children's homes are a group with higher risk and it is necessary to pay special attention to prevention and risk factors. Key words: Addictive substances, primary prevention, orphanage, risk group, risk factors
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Occurrence of ankle sprain injury among basketball players in relation to selected factors
Svatošová, Veronika ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Kučerová, Ilona (referee)
Title: Occurrence of ankle sprain injury among basketball players in relation to selected factors Objectives: The main objective of the master degree thesis is to evaluate the relationship between selected risk factors and the occurrence of ankle sprain injury among basketball players aged 15-40 who actively participated in league competitions from the regional championship to the highest league in the Czech Republic in the 2019/2020 season. Methods: The theoretical part is processed by a domestic and foreign literature research. The practical part uses the method of quantitative research in the form of descriptive analysis. The data were obtained through an anonymous non-standardized questionnaire, which was distributed among basketball players who actively participated in various league competitions in the 2019/2020 season, from the regional championship to the highest league in the Czech Republic. Analysis involved data about various risk factors for ankle sprain injury. Data from completed questionnaires were processed using descriptive statistics in Microsoft Excel. The logistic regression model (logit) was used to determine the influence of individual variables on the occurrence of ankle sprain injuries. The logistic regression model was estimated for each hypothesis using Gretl statistical...
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