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Family Planning in the Development Policy of the United States: Empowering Women or Instrumentalization of Women's Bodies?
Pelikánová, Kristýna ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
Looking at the critical literature regarding family planning in the development policy many authors argue that population control is not a thing of the past but is present in the contemporary discourse and policies regarding population. The thesis identifies the main concerns associated with population growth and examines to what extent they determine the policy and aid allocation toward family planning programs of the United States over the period of 2010-2020. Using the panel data concerning developing countries through the OLS and fixed effect methods of estimation, the thesis examines to what extent is the aid allocation in the selected case determined by the recipient's income, bilateral trade with the donor country, recipient's political stability, maternal mortality, and stress on the water resources, used as a proxy for environmental degradation. The thesis finds certain evidence of the influence of environmental degradation and trade with the donor country on the allocation of support for family planning, but not the influence of maternal mortality, the reduction of which is proclaimed as one of the main goals of family planning programs. The conclusions of the thesis indicate the prevalence of strategic considerations in the allocation of foreign aid by the United States and the...
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Reproductive rights of women in the countries of the Visegrad Convention
Žaloudková, Dominika ; Janoušková, Anežka (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jan (referee)
The topic of this thesis is women's reproductive rights in the Visegrad Group countries, focusing mainly on the issue of abortion. It compares the various legal regulations of these countries in the field of abortion legislation, from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day. All the countries compared share a similar history to some extent, yet each has developed differently since 1989. The thesis is structured into 8 chapters. The first chapter presents the issue of reproductive rights in general and their historical development. The second chapter defines the terms related to artificial termination of pregnancy, followed by a brief description of the methods of performing abortions and finally it presents the two main currents of opinion of the professional community regarding abortion. The third chapter focuses on the right to abortion as a human right. It describes how the various fundamental human rights conflict when performing an abortion. The following four chapters are devoted to the specific legislation of the Visegrad Group countries - the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary. Each chapter describes in detail the development of abortion legislation and the processes that preceded it. At the same time, the most problematic parts of the legislation are highlighted, as...
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Protection of reproductive rights in the case law of European Court of Human Rights
Sýkorová, Petra ; Lipovský, Milan (advisor) ; Tymofeyeva, Alla (referee)
Protection of reproductive rights in the case law of European Court of Human Rights Abstract Irrespective of the fact that reproduction and sexuality are very intimate issue for each person, reproductive rights very often face restrictions, doubts, and attacks. This is also the case in Europe. Hence this paper deals with the topic of protection of reproductive rights in Europe, more specifically with the stance on the protection of these rights by the European Court of Human Rights. The aim of this paper is to explore the stance of ECHR on the protection of these rights. The author of the paper asks the research question: What is the position of ECHR regarding the protection of reproductive rights? At the same time, the paper points out to certain defects in the Czech legal regulation which could, arguably, lead to violation of the European Convention on Human Rights. The paper uses the method of critical analysis on the decisions of ECHR and evaluates the significance of these decisions. The paper uses the case law of ECHR as the primary source while drawing on subsidiary sources such as international organizations' documents or academic articles. Reproductive rights are examined through the human-rights approach with the emphasis on the women's rights in this area. This paper is divided into three parts....
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