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Presidential campaign finance in the US: diminishing role of public funding
Slavíčková, Kristýna ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Švec, Radek (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on public financing of presidential campaigns in the United States and the fact that after decades of functioning successfully the system's use by presidential candidates diminished and virtually vanished in recent years. The aim of the thesis is to identify the particular reasons for this development and to propose suggestions for changes that would eventually make the system functional and lucrative for the candidates again. It sets forth a comprehensive description and analysis of the legislation and Supreme Court rulings concerning presidential campaign financing as well as an overview of the current state of public campaign finance law. It then examines those presidential elections in which some candidate(s) opted out of the public financing, whether for primary or general elections, and tries to find the reason behind the candidates' decisions to opt out. Based on that it determines the reasons which were a common denominator among the presidential candidates and which caused the diminishment of public financing and categorizes them. At the end it proposes possible solutions to these problems and the possibilities of reforming the public financing of presidential elections.
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Public financing for pre-school places pays off: a cost and benefit analysis
Kalíšková, Klára ; Münich, Daniel ; Pertold, Filip
Countrywide statistics suggest that the long-term shortage of places in state preschool institutions (kindergartens) has become gradually less severe over the past few years thanks to population decline, and that in future there will be sufficient places available at pre-schools. Nevertheless at a local level demand is still far outstripping supply in many places, and this is unlikely to change as internal migration and other demographic changes continue. Our analysis of financial costs and benefits reveals that the shortage of places in preschools in the past decade has led to an undeniable net loss for the public budget. Our analysis demonstrates that the net gain to the public budget from every additional place in pre-school is on average 10,000 crowns per year. Public financial support for pre-schools would not result in a loss even under very conservative estimates. On the contrary, the net gains are in fact far higher if the indirect and long-term consequences of supporting further places in pre-schools are taken into account.
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Economic impact of mega-sport events and effective ratio of theirs funding
Micenko, Matej ; Vokoun, Marek (advisor) ; Šmíd, Jan (referee)
Economic impact of mega-sport events is case of many discussions. Aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze economic impact of mega-sport events and try to recommend effective rate of financing them. Introduction to the issue of mega-sport events would be done through analyzing historical forces and political motivation through theirs statements about such an events and investigating numerous impact studies of already hosted events. This will lead to possibility of researching London 2012 Olympics and comparing its ex ante cost-benefit analysis with previous studies. Analytical section also deals with FIFA World Cup 1998 in France and its economic impact. Information found throughout the thesis indicate that important subjects for impact of mega sport events are time period and place of hosting, economic development of country, size of public sector and last but not least individual character of an event. Existence of some general proper rate of financing mega sport events is rather unlikely.
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