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Drug decriminalization against crime
Smil, Martin ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Loužek, Marek (referee)
Purpose of this paper is to determine, if decriminalization of soft drugs, such as marijuana, could decrease the rate of crime. In the first part i will describe the basic relations of drug prohibition, primarily with quality of drugs, offered quantity, price and crimes connected with drug prohibition and drug market (for drug users and drug suppliers separately) in mind. I will also describe reactions of black market on state drug enforcement, mainly in relation with crime. These effects of prohibition I will illustrate on both american alcohol and drug prohibition. I intend to descrime Iron law of prohibition on both these prohibitions. In the analytic part of this paper I will focus on case of decriminilization of marijuana in Netherlands after year 1976, when possession and use of marijuana was allowed. I want to describe, which thoughts led to this change. It will be also interesting to find out with which other steps was the decriminalization accompanied (decentralization of solving drug problem, treatment and prevention). Above all, I want to find out which impact had decriminalization on the crime level, if it raised or decreased.
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The Effectiveness of opiate substance treatment
Kourková, Zuzana ; Běláčková, Vendula (advisor) ; Říhová, Vladimíra (referee)
The thesis deals with a substance treatment of opiate addiction and determines drug abuse problems. The paper defines free and regulated market and describes drug prohibition compared with alcohol prohibition. The next part considers the theory of substitute and complement which is a basis for determination of a substance treatment. The goal of thesis is evaluating the effectiveness of substance treatment in the Czech Republic by force of cost-benefits analysis with current information. The empiric part is based upon the information about costs of substance treatment and about lost productivity. The effectiveness of substance treatment is confirmed, the amount gives after deductions for expenses an affirmative value. The next conclusion is positive appraisal of effectiveness of partial financing of Subutex, that is paid by consumer presently.
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Internet Gambling in the USA - regulation and prohibition
Kozák, Jakub ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on comparison of two political approaches to a quite new e-commerce industry -- internet gambling. These approaches are prohibition on the one hand and regulation, free market environment, on the other hand. Internet gambling became the worldwide phenomenon. However, American legislators had passed the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act 2006 in 2006 which outlawed an internet gambling. The declared purpose of this Act is protection of families against ill effects, such money laundering, underage gambling and problem gambling on society. This paper argues that regulation and free market environment established in Great Britain is much more effective way how to solve these key issues. There is demonstrated in the paper that free market stands for economically preferable option and contains better instruments for solving the issues at the same time.
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Analysis of drug prohibition and estimation of budgetary implications of marijuana legalization
Flegr, Jan ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Bartoň, Petr (referee)
This paper examines the impact of drug prohibition on society. It analyzes starting-points and aims of prohibition and shows, how prohibition attempts to achieve its goals. Furthermore, it explores social costs of prohibition, mainly the impact on potencial health risks of drug use and property and violent crimes. Then it presents main reasons of failure to achieve its goals. Furthemore, this paper estimates probable budgetary implications of marijuana legalization. This estimate is based on quantification of direct costs of marijuana law enforcement. Finally, it estimates the tax revenue that would result from marijuana legalization. For this purpose it also estimates the impact of legalization on price and consumption of marijuana.
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The market for narcotics: Policy and Theory
Strnadová, Iveta ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
The content of this work is analysis of black market with drugs to determine how and to what extent the market can be eradicated. In the first part of my work I define the black market, analyze the basic causes of origin and its consequences for society. In the following section I examine what measures the governments do in this area. Furthermore, I focus on the views and recommendations of economists, and finally make a comparison of their recommendations with the implementation of policies in this area.
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The Economics of Drug Prohibition
Řepík, Martin ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Bolcha, Peter (referee)
Abstract The Prohibition represents a worldwide approach to drug trafficking and using, that are generally judged as evil, to which it is necessary to face. Although the drugs like alcohol or tobacco are legal and ordinary part of social life, a range of substances available on free market at the beginning of 20th Century became outlawed. In an effort to eliminate illegal drugs there was declared war on their production, distribution and consumtion in order to protect citizens, public health and to minimize social costs. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the drug prohibition is able to achieve its goals, to analyze its effects and real causes for negative impacts of drugs to society and to find who in fact the drug policy bring the benefits to.
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Economic Analysis of Prostitution Market
Dědková, Lucie ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Stočková, Olga (referee)
The bachelor essay concentrates on the economic aspect of prostitution. At the beginning the essay briefly deals with history of one of the oldest professions in the world and its position in society. The essay thinks of the notion of prostitution from the point of view of economics as a possible free choice of behaviour, free decision making of an individual and using his own body as he thinks that it is acceptable. Then the essay tries to study how the market for prostitution, where the adults make a business with sex, operates and which factors can influence particular subjects on this market -- supply and demand for free sex for money. Marginally the essay is interested in description of several segments of prostitution market (private, streetwalking, night clubs, escort) and the role of the third part of business -- mediators. The main point of view concentrates on alternative policy of the government (prohibition, legalization) and analyzing not only the economic and social impact of these policies on the prostitution market but also the other effects which are jointed with prostitution - trade with human beings, violation, spreading of sexually transmitted diseases.
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Prohibition vs. decriminalization - two different approaches to the drug abuse problem
Tomány, Lubomír ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
The main subject of this study is a comparation of two different policies which are used to cope with the drug abuse problem - prohibition and decriminalization. Example is set on the U.S. and the Netherlands. First, each policy is described in detail. Subsequently, both policies are compared according to criteria of the drug use prevalence and the direct costs related with them. The Netherlands, which applies decriminalization, has maintained lower drug use prevalence than the U.S for long time and in almost all kinds of drugs and age groups. Moreover, Netherlands it achieves at the same or lower relative costs. Yet, the higher drug use prevalence does not prove ineffectiveness of policy prohibition. It seems that the U.S. is more likely to have higher prevalence due to more general tendency of using drugs in population. The study also shows that the decriminalization can be linked to increase of drug use that followed its introduction in Netherlands.
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Drug policy of czech republic: myths and dearly paid reality
Štika, Ondřej ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The thesis aims to make reader acquainted with basic principles of economical theory applied to drug prohibition and to describe the substance of government based on reducing reducing drug offer in Czech republic. Affinity between expenses and resulting effects that prohibition bears is being analyzed based on available data. We can notice that tax payer pays not even for battle against drug dealing , but even for drug addict healthcare, lawsuits penitentiary , whereas effects of these correctional measurements might be weak.
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Test-Tube babies: how the market restores the hope
Foblová, Daniela ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Lipka, David (referee)
The diploma thesis analyzes market in human reproductive cells - men's sperms and women's eggs for use in assisted reproduction. The topic of this diploma thesis arises from the increasing infertility and urgency of the assisted reproduction in the modern society. This paper is divided in two parts. The first part of this paper describes a historical development of assisted reproduction and than economic theory that is applicable to the human reproductive cells market namely the theory of the prohibition and the theory of the price regulation. Second part analyzes three different reproductive cells markets -- American, British and Czech market. Second part also discus arguments and criticism of the free human organ markets included human reproductive cells market. This paper brings integrated summary based on arguments evaluating free trade with human sperms and eggs.
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