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Vliv praziquantelu na raná vývojová stádia amura bílého
BÁRTOVÁ, Lucie
Praziquantel belongs to a group of medicines called anthelmintics, which are used to control parasitic infections. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of praziquantel on hatching, mortality, ontogenetic development, growth, oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity in the early life stages of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). To assess the toxicity of praziquantel for the early life stages of grass carp, an embryo-larval fish toxicity test (OECD test no. 210) was used. The toxic effects of praziquantel were investigated when exposed to four concentrations (1 mg/l, 2 mg/l, 4 mg/l, 6 mg/l) for 29 days. A negative effect on curling was not observed in any group. A negative effect on mortality was observed in fish exposed to the concentrations of praziquantel 2 mg/l, 4 mg/l and 6 mg/l. Groups exposed to praziquantel concentrations of 4 mg/l and 6 mg/l died during the test period. A negative effect on ontogenetic development was observed in fish exposed to praziquantel concentrations of 4 mg/l and 6 mg/l. A negative effect of praziquantel on the activity of glutathione-S-transpherase was observed in the group exposed to a praziquantel concentration of 2 mg/l. A concentration of 1 mg/l praziquantel can be considered as a safe concentration for the early life stages of grass carp in the case of long-term exposure.
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Effect of selected antiparasitic drugs on Trichobilharzia regenti
Lípová, Pavlína ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Chanová, Marta (referee)
Praziquantel is a drug of choice for the treatment of schistosomiasis caused by human species of the genus Schistosoma. The effect of the drug on avian schistosomes is not completely known. Monensin is a drug used for the treatment of coccidiosis, and its effect on avian schistosomes is unknown. In the thesis, we studied the effect of these drugs on avian schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti. Under in vitro conditions, both drugs were effective after 6 hours of incubation. Praziquantel causes an extensive vacuolization of the whole body, while monensis treatment causes vacuolization of the anterior part of body. Higher concentration of praziquantel causes depolymerization of myofilaments and separation of surface membranes. Monensin did not impair muscles, but caused separation of tegumental layer from the basal membrane. Schistosomula in ducks were not killed by the drugs under in vivo conditions, but the worms were damaged by the drugs. Praziquantel caused vacuolization of the tegument and separation of membranes from the surface. Only vacuolization of the tegument occurred in schistosomula from ducks treated with monensin . No damage to the muscles was observed in the case of both drugs. Histological evaluation of the nerve tissue showed that thero no difference between treated and control duck....
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Hematologické vyšetření ryb po antiparazitární léčbě
JANÍK, Jan
The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to consider the effect of chosen anti-parisitics on hematological indicators in the blood of fish and consequently study the effect of this medicaments on parasitic disease of lens caused by tremato-da Diplostomum spathaceum. Grass carps infected with trematoda were exposed to broad-spectrum anti-parasitics - praziquantel for 24 hours in the concentrations 2 mg.l-1 and 10 mg.l-1 and also in the benzimidazole derivatve - fenbendazole in the concentration 25 mg.l-1. Afterwards blood was taken from the fish and following indicators were stated - red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), hematocrit (PCV), hemo-globin (Hb), mean corpuscural volume (MCV), mean corpuscural hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscural hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Another step was to examine the lens and consider the effect of medicaments on metacercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum. Based on the results it was clear that there was a statistical decrease in the amount of erythrocytes (p<0.05) when using fenbendazole in the concentration 25 mg.l-1. Furthermore the results showed that when the concentration of pra-ziquantel was higher (10 mg.l-1), there was considerable increase in the middle colored concentration (p<0.05). The other indicators did not differ from the pa-rameters of the control groups. This examination showed only small statistically insignificant aberration, which was given by the low initial prevalence of Diplostomum spathaceum in the examined fish.
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Testing of the efficiency of selected antiparasitics on the metacercaria of the eye flukes (Diplostomum spathaceum) in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).
IPSEROVÁ, Jarmila
In this thesis, the efficiency of orally applied praziquantel (PQ) in two concentrations (Pramik 1 and Pramik 2) and mebendazole (MB) were tested on metacercaria of eye flukes (Diplostomum spathaceum, Rudolphi, 1819) in the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Valenciennes, 1844). Naturally infected fish (average fish weight was 1.6 g and standard deviation was 0.1) were divided into four groups, for each tested group (Pramik 1, Pramik 2 and MB) belonged two aquariums of 100 liters each with 25 fish and for a control group belonged three aquariums of 100 liters each with 25 fish. The fish in the individual groups were fed with medicated feed containing praziquantel (Pramik 1 - 2.5 g PQ. kg-1 of feed, Pramik 2 - 1.25 g PQ. kg-1 of feed) and medicated feed mixture KP1 enriched with mebendazole (2.5 g MB. kg-1 of feed). The control group was fed with KP1 without drug addition. During the test the parasitological examinations of the ophthalmic lens were performed. The prevalence and intensity of infection were recorded. In the group of fish fed with medicated mixture containing MB, no statistically significant differences of the intensity of the infection indicating the MB potential in the fight against this fish infection were reported during the test. In the case of tested groups of fish fed with medicated feed mixture containing PQ (Pramik 1, Pramik 2), a statistically significant difference in the intensity of the infection was proved compared with the control group already after the first examination (estimated dose of consumed PQ. kg-1 of weight of fish = 500 and 250 mg). Near complete elimination of the eye flukes occurred in the group fed with feed mixture Pramik 1 after the expected consumption of 900 mg PQ. kg-1 of weight of fish. Statistically significant differences in the intensity of the infection in PQ treated fish groups compared to control groups indicate the usability of medicated feed containing PQ in the fight against fish diplostomosis.
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Effect of selected antiparasitic drugs on Trichobilharzia regenti
Lípová, Pavlína ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Chanová, Marta (referee)
Praziquantel is a drug of choice for the treatment of schistosomiasis caused by human species of the genus Schistosoma. The effect of the drug on avian schistosomes is not completely known. Monensin is a drug used for the treatment of coccidiosis, and its effect on avian schistosomes is unknown. In the thesis, we studied the effect of these drugs on avian schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti. Under in vitro conditions, both drugs were effective after 6 hours of incubation. Praziquantel causes an extensive vacuolization of the whole body, while monensis treatment causes vacuolization of the anterior part of body. Higher concentration of praziquantel causes depolymerization of myofilaments and separation of surface membranes. Monensin did not impair muscles, but caused separation of tegumental layer from the basal membrane. Schistosomula in ducks were not killed by the drugs under in vivo conditions, but the worms were damaged by the drugs. Praziquantel caused vacuolization of the tegument and separation of membranes from the surface. Only vacuolization of the tegument occurred in schistosomula from ducks treated with monensin . No damage to the muscles was observed in the case of both drugs. Histological evaluation of the nerve tissue showed that thero no difference between treated and control duck....
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